SU73495A1 - The method of separation of the mixture of substances and apparatus for its implementation - Google Patents

Description

A known method of separating a mixture of substances that differ from one another by melting or crystallizing temperatures, by periodically separating the solid phase from the liquid.

In contrast to the specified periodic method, the proposed method using the apparatus, the construction of which is described below, creates a continuity of the process of separation of a mixture of substances with the production of pure components of this mixture.

During the residence time of the mixture in the apparatus, it is alternately heated and cooled to temperatures at which one of the components of the mixture melts or solidifies.

Crystals deposited as a thin film on a cooled surface are cut off using special free space effects, transferred to the heated surface and melted (dissolved). Flows of crystals and melt (solution) move through the apparatus continuously in opposite directions. Thus, a process of continuous separation of the components of the mixture, characterized by melting point or solubility, is provided.

The apparatus, shown schematically on the FLG. 1, is made in the form of two concentrically arranged hollow cylinders - fixed 2 and rotating /. A cooling agent, for example, water or brine is fed to the cylinder 7 from below. In the shirt 3 comes the top heating agent. The concentric space between the cylinders 2 is filled with a splittable two-component liquid mixture, which flows continuously through the nozzle 4.

Due to the cooling of the cylinder surface / a crust of a hardening substance or crystals is formed, which is cut off by a fixedly fixed knife 5 and falls on perforated partitions 6 designed to move the solid α phase to the heated cylinder 2. The solid melts (or solution and) through the openings 7 in the partitions 6 gets onto the guide rings 8, which supply the gravitating liquid phase to the cooled cylinder /, etc.

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Thus, a continuous process of alternating melting and solidification or dissolution and crystallization is carried out.

A component having a lower melting point or a higher solubility is removed from the apparatus from above through fitting 9. A component with a higher melting point and with lower solubility is removed from the apparatus from below through the clamp 10.

During operation, the entire volume of the apparatus is filled with the mixture being processed, which is achieved by raising the drain pipe.

The position of the apparatus (vertical or horizontal), the material from which it is to be made, the shape of the heat transfer surface, the configuration of partitions and the knife, the speed of rotation, the type of heating and cooling agents and the number of separating elements of the apparatus are determined by the properties of the system being processed and its components .

When processing systems consisting of three or more components, it is necessary to install several devices or to make an intermediate selection of the selected components. In the coking industry, this method can be effective for separating products derived from tar as well as for treating other substances.

Prev Invention

Claims (4)

I. A method of separating a mixture of substances with different melting points or crystallization by alternating phase transformations, characterized in that the mixture of substances to be separated is continuously introduced into the middle part of the apparatus, in which it is subjected to repeated alternation of heating and cooling and temperatures at which one of the components the mixture melts or hardens, which makes it possible to continuously remove the component with a higher melting point through the clamp located at the bottom of the apparatus, and the component with a low temperature through melting through the upper shtutser. 2. The apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of two concentrically hollow cylinders: stationary 2 and rotating 1, the annular space between which is filled with a continuously separable mixture, is divided into a number of sections perforated baffles 6 intended to move through them the solid phase removed by the knife 5 from the cooled cylinder / to the heated cylinder 2.. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that it is provided with guide rings 8 located under partitions 6 and intended to supply a liquid phase coming from above, located perforated partition 6 to the cooled cylinder. 4. The apparatus change according to sub-item 2 and 3, characterized in that a knife in the form of a spiral 5 is attached to the rotating cylinder (adjacent with a small gap to the inner surface of the stationary cylinder 2), designed to remove the solid phase from the cooled outer cylinder 2 and move it to the heated internal cylinder. Heating agent Yu 0 / K: Krbc: OLmJJ OZSHfn