SU732834A1

SU732834A1 - D-c voltage stabilizer

Info

Publication number: SU732834A1
Application number: SU782670863A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Геннадий Иванович Муравьев; Владимир Константинович Бочаров
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я В-2141
Priority date: 1978-10-04
Filing date: 1978-10-04
Publication date: 1980-05-05

Description

Изобретение относится к электротехнике и может быть использовано в блоках питания устройств автоматики, связи и вычислительной техники.The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in power supplies for automation, communication and computer equipment.

Известен стабилизатор напряжения, содержащий регулирующий элемент с параллельным включением транзисторов и блок управленияKnown voltage regulator containing a control element with parallel transistors and a control unit

Наиболее близким по технической сущности к изобретению является стабилизатор напряжения, содержащий сглаживающий L.C -фильтр, один, из выводов дросселя которого подключен к входной клемме, а одна из обкладок конденсатора подключена к обшей шине, и два регулирующих транзистора, базы которых объединены и подключены к выходу блока управления, входами соединенного с выходными клеммами 121 .The closest in technical essence to the invention is a voltage stabilizer containing a smoothing LC filter, one of which has a choke terminal connected to the input terminal, and one of the capacitor plates is connected to a common bus, and two control transistors, the bases of which are connected and connected to the output control unit inputs connected to output terminals 121.

Однако повышение надежности регулирующего элемента может быть достигнуто лишь за счет включения на параллельную работу нескольких транзисторов, причем и в этом случае не исключается возможность выхода из строя наиболее нагруженного из нах за счет лавинообразного переброса на него всего тока нагрузки.However, an increase in the reliability of the regulating element can be achieved only by switching several transistors into parallel operation, and in this case, the possibility of failure of the most loaded of them due to an avalanche-like transfer of the entire load current to it cannot be ruled out.

Цель изобретения — повышение надежности стабилизатора.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the stabilizer.

Это достигается тем, что коллекторы регулирующих транзисторов объединены и подключены к выходной клемме,₍а эмиттеры соединены через введенный диод, первый вывод которого подключен к другому выводу дросселя, а второй вывод — к другой обкладке конденсатора.This is achieved by the fact that the collectors of the control transistors are combined and connected to the output terminal ₍ and the emitters are connected through the input diode, the first output of which is connected to another output of the inductor, and the second output to another lining of the capacitor.

На чертеже показана принципиальная электрическая схема предлагаемого стабилизатора.The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the proposed stabilizer.

Стабилизатор содержит сглаживающий LC-фильтр, состоящий из дросселя 1 и конденсатора 2, регулирующие транзисторы 3, 4, полупроводниковый диод 5 и усилитель 6 постоянного тока со схемой сравнения блока управления, причем одна из обкладок конденсатора является одновременно входной и выходной клем а дроссель со стоподключ ен к эмитПри этом коллекторы мой стабилизатора, роны выхода фильтра теру транзистора 3.The stabilizer contains a smoothing LC filter consisting of a choke 1 and a capacitor 2, control transistors 3, 4, a semiconductor diode 5 and a DC amplifier 6 with a control unit comparison circuit, one of the capacitor plates being simultaneously an input and output terminal and a choke with a stop switch In this case, the collectors of my stabilizer, filter output transistor 3.

обоих транзисторов подключены ко второй выходной клемме стабилизатора, их базы соединены с выходом усилителя 6, вход которого соединен с выходом стабилизатора. Вторая обкладка конденсатора 2 соединена с эмиттером транзистора 4 непосредственно, а с эмиттером транзистора 3 - через диод 5.,both transistors are connected to the second output terminal of the stabilizer, their bases are connected to the output of the amplifier 6, the input of which is connected to the output of the stabilizer. The second lining of the capacitor 2 is connected directly to the emitter of transistor 4, and to the emitter of transistor 3 through diode 5.,

Стабилизатор напряжения работает следующим образом.The voltage stabilizer operates as follows.

При подаче выпрямленного напряжения на вход стабилизатора, например от однофазного выпрямителя, первый открывается транзистор 3 и одновременно начинается заряд конденсатора 2. При этом транзистор 4 будет заперт, так как базы обоих транзисторов объединены, а в эмиттерной цепи транзистора 4 создается дополнительное падение напряжения на диоде 5 за счет протекания тока заряда конденсатора.When a rectified voltage is applied to the input of the stabilizer, for example, from a single-phase rectifier, the first opens transistor 3 and simultaneously starts charging capacitor 2. In this case, transistor 4 will be locked, since the bases of both transistors are combined, and an additional voltage drop across the diode is created in the emitter circuit of transistor 4 5 due to the flow of the charge current of the capacitor.

В результате этого к переходу 'эмиттер-база' транзистора 4 будет приложено напряжение, недостаточное для его нормальной работы в линейном режиме, а в случае применения германиевых транзисторов и кремниевого диода это напряжение оказывается даже обратным по ог— ношению к нормальному. После перехода через максимум напряжение на эмиттере транзистора 3 начнет уменьшаться, тогда как на эмиттере транзистора 4 оно остается постоянным за счет энергии, накопленной конденсатором 2. При дальйнешем снижений'¹ напряжения, когда потенциалы обоих транзисторов уравняются, работавший до этого транзистор 3 начнет закрываться, а транзистор 4 открываться. Это переключение произойдет достаточно быстро, но не скачкообразно, потому не будет сопровождаться колебаниями напряжения на выходе стабилизатора. Транзистор 4 Сбудет пропускать ток на- _ грузки до тех,пор пока потенциал эмит10 транзистора 3 не превысит потенэмиттера транзистора 4, после начнется переключение тока нагруэодного транзистора на другой. ВAs a result of this, a voltage insufficient for its normal operation in linear mode will be applied to the emitter-base junction of transistor 4, and in the case of using germanium transistors and a silicon diode, this voltage will even be inverse to normal. After passing through the maximum, the voltage at the emitter of transistor 3 will begin to decrease, while at the emitter of transistor 4 it remains constant due to the energy accumulated by capacitor 2. With further voltage decreases' ¹ , when the potentials of both transistors become equal, the previously working transistor 3 will close, and the transistor 4 opens. This switching will happen rather quickly, but not in a jump manner, therefore it will not be accompanied by voltage fluctuations at the output of the stabilizer. Transistor 4 Will pass the load current until the potential em10 of transistor 3 exceeds the potential emitter of transistor 4, after which switching of the current of the transistor to another begins. AT

732834 тера ци ал чего ки с дальнейшем такие переключения будут повторяться с двойной частотой сети.732834 tera chi al of ki, further such switchings will be repeated with a double network frequency.

Повышение надежности регулирующего элемента достигается за счет того, что каждый из транзисторов пропускает полный ток нагрузки, но лишь определенную часть периода, причем такое принудительное распределение тока нагрузки во времени может быть нарушено только при бое отказе самих транзисторов или продиода. .Improving the reliability of the regulating element is achieved due to the fact that each of the transistors passes the full load current, but only a certain part of the period, and such a forced distribution of the load current in time can be violated only when the transistors or the projede fail. .

Claims

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in power supply units for automation devices, communications and power engineering. A voltage regulator is known, which contains a regulating element with parallel switching of transistors and a control unit 1. The technical regulator of the invention is closest to the invention: a voltage regulator containing a smoothing LC filter, one of which Drossel outputs is connected to an output terminal and One of the covers of the condenser is connected to a common busbar, and two regulators of such transistors, the bases of which are combined and connected to the output of the control unit, the inputs connected to the output terminals. However, the increase is reliable These regulating elements can be achieved by switching on several transistors for parallel operation, and even in this case the possibility of failure of the most loaded of them due to the avalanche-like transfer of the entire load current to it is not excluded. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the stabilizer. This is achieved by the fact that the collectors of the regulating transistors are connected and connected to the output terminal. The emitters are connected via an input diode, the first output of which is connected to another terminal of the throttle, and the second output to another facing of the condenser. The drawing shows a schematic electrical diagram of the proposed stabilizer. The stabilizer contains a smoothing LG filter consisting of drossel 1 and capacitor 2, control transistors 3, 4, semiconductor diode 5, and DC amplifier 6 with a control circuit comparison circuit, one of the capacitor plates being simultaneously the stabilizer input and output terminals , and the throttle on the output side of the filter is connected to the emitter of transistor 3, while the collector of the wallpaper. x transistors are connected to the second output terminal of the stabilizer, their bases are connected to the output of amplifier 6, whose input is connected with stabilizer output. The second capacitor plate 2 is connected to the emitter of transistor 4 directly, and to the emitter of transistor 3 through diode 5. The voltage stabilizer works as follows. When a rectified voltage is applied to the input of the stabilizer, for example, from a single-phase rectifier, the first opens transistor 3 and at the same time, the charge of the capacitor 2 begins. At the same time, the transistor 4 will be locked because the bases of both transistors are combined, and in the emitter circuit of transistor 4 an additional voltage drop on the diode 5 is created due to the flow Capacitor charge current. As a result, a voltage insufficient for its normal operation in a linear mode will be applied to the emitter-base transition of transistor 4, and in the case of using germanium transistors and a silicon diode, this voltage is even reverse with respect to the normal one. After passing through a maximum, the voltage at the emitter of transistor 3 begins to decrease, while at the emitter of transistor 4 it remains constant due to the energy accumulated by capacitor 2. At further voltage drops, when the potentials of the desktop transistors with, the previously worked transistor 3 will start to close, and transistor 4 will open. This switch will happen fairly quickly, but not intermittently. Therefore, it will not be accompanied by voltage oscillations at the output of the transistor 4 to pass the load current until the potential of the emitter44 transistor 3 does not exceed the emitter potential of transistor 4, after which the load current starts switching from one transistor to another. Further, such switchings will be repeated with double network frequency. Improving the reliability of the regulating element is achieved due to the fact that Each of the transistors transmits the full load current, but only a certain part of the period, and such a forced distribution of the load current over time can be violated only if the transistors themselves fail or the diode is broken. Claims The DC voltage regulator contains a smoothing LC filter, one of the terminals of the choke of which is connected to the input terminal, and one of the capacitor plates is connected to the common bus, two regulating transistors, the bases of which are combined and connected to the output of the control unit, the inputs of the connected with output terminals, distinguished by the fact that, in order to increase the stability of the stabilizer, the collectors of the control transistors are connected and connected to the input terminal, and the emitters are connected via the input the diode, the first view of which is connected to another outlet of the throttle, and the second output to the other capacitor plate. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, Workshop materials Problems of miniaturization and unification of the VMP REA, 1978, p. 42.

2. Power supplies on semiconductor devices. Design and calculation. Under. ed. Dodika S. L. and Galperyogva E. I., M., Soviet Radio, 1969, p. 152, fig. Iii. sixteen.

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