SU72916A1 - Telegraph receiver - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to telegraph receivers with a selective relay system for the distribution of telegraph pulses.

In order to receive the electrical signals of an ordinary Morse code by imprinting on the tape telegraphic signals of a cable code, the receiver is equipped with four electromagnets. The first electromagnet, under the influence of the points arriving from the line, imprints a certain type of print, for example a square shape, at the top edge of the paper tape and draws the last one step. The second electromagnet triggers under the action of a dash, makes an imprint of the sign of the same type of low edge of the tape and pulls the last one step. The third electromagnet triggers at intervals between letters and draws the tape one step further. The fourth electromagnet serves to pull the ribbon at intervals between words.

FIG. 1 image} kens are shaped like a telegraph tape: at the top — perforated according to the Creed system; and at the bottom — with imprinting on the tape, corresponding to one dot and six dashes; in fig. 2 shows the electronic switchgear circuit; in fig. 3 and 4 - receiver in two projections; in fig. 5 is an AA section of FIG. four.

A telegraph receiver consists of a device for dividing the current pulses with a code Lorse into points and a clamp and a non-retaining device.

To reduce the number of elements constituting the letters, a system of relays and electronic tubes was used, dividing the Morse code parcels into a number of channels, namely: when transmitting points — one channel, a dash — another, intervals between letters-the third 1 intervals between words - on the fourth channel.

Each of these four elements controls its own electromagnet, and the electromagnets 9 and 10 (Fig. 4) imprint the square paint on the tape 6 and simultaneously pull the tape one step (// - paint wick).

№ 72916

Ribbon 6 is pulled out by an asterisk 12 (fig. 3), rotated from an electric motor. Pull control is performed by electromagpitia using anchor anchoring. The numbers Y, 2 and FIG. 5 respectively marked the trigger wheel, returning the wheel and the anchor anchor-trigger mechanism; 4 and S in FIG. 3 and 4-friction clutch and anchor lever.

The electromagnets 5 and 7 do not imprint on the tape, but only additionally draw leite.

The advantage of separating Morse signals into two main channels — points on the dash — is most clearly illustrated in FIG. one; Creed's Morse code is filled with a zero sign containing ten elements (five dashes), and with the proposed method for separating signals, the zero sign contains five elements (five lower prints corresponding to five five signals).

It is clear that when decrypted, the number of parts compared to Creed’s decoder is reduced by exactly two times. The length of the tape recorded by the proposed method is also halved compared to the length of the tape recorded by the Creed method while maintaining the same schag. Shortening the length of the tape and the mark facilitates the development of the differential tape-making mechanism of the decoder.

The purpose of the electrical receiver is to distribute the package over the main communication channels. The operation of the scheme is based on the time selection and the polarity of the individual parcels.

Time selection is used when separating the positive sending of a point current pulse from the dash, the negative sending of a point current pulse from the interval between words or the interval between letters, and the negative sending of the interval between letters from the negative sending of the interval between words.

Selection by sign is also used to separate the sending of a point current pulse from the sending of a dash. Electromagnit 9, printing dots, is triggered by a minus and source. following after a short plus parcel. The electromagnet 10, printing a dash, is triggered by a positive package dash. The receiver's circuitry is designed for a manipulation speed of 40 to 250-300 words per minute.

When sending a long positive pulse, that is, when a positive potential occurs on the j7i lamp grid, the circuit operates in the following sequence.

The lamp L {electronic switchgear only works if a long positive current pulse is sent, since circuit G has a circuit, -r, and the time of which is longer than the duration of the impulse current of the point. In this case, a voltage arises in the anode circuit of the lamp at the resistance r.

Lamp Lz normally locked. When a positive current is sent, it remains locked.

Lamp Lz is also normally locked. When a positive current pulse is sent, it works, at the same voltage r,., A voltage arises. Since there is no capacitance in the grid circuit of the lamp, but there is only leakage resistance Gd, the current increases instantaneously, and the lamp L works earlier than the lamp E

The voltage arising from the resistance / and is applied to an electronic relay consisting of lamps Lb and Lt. The relay triggers and changes the sign of the voltage on the resistances in its anode circuits.

From the anodic resistances of this relay, the voltage is applied to the resistance r, 2, due to which partial displacement occurs in the grid circuit of the lamp / 7, but this displacement compensation is not enough to trigger the lamp L ,.

When current increases in the lamp circuit L, the voltage from the resistance Gz is applied to an electronic relay (Le grid of the lamp, in the circuit of which the resistance Hz is included) with reverse polarity. Since the voltage drop across the resistance r is greater than the voltage drop across the resistance, in the anode circuit of the electronic relay the voltage will change and the relay will prohibit the lamp // g.

Simultaneously, the voltage from the resistance is applied to the grid

lamps L;,. Last triggered, and through the electromagnet 10 current flows. The electromagnet sends to the line current pulses corresponding to the dash; There will be no points in the line because the lamp L is locked. Lamp L is also locked.

When sending a negative short-term current pulse corresponding to the interval between letters, the lamp L does not work. The lamp-R2 works with the resistance r ,, supplies the voltage to the lamp L &, but the latter does not work, because the supplied voltage is not enough to activate it.

The lamp / 7z is even more blocked by the incoming negative pulse. Consequently, no voltage is applied to the electronic relay and it remains in the same polsification as in the previous case, when the dash was applied, i.e. it continues to lock the lamp L. There will be no transmission to the current pulse line corresponding to the point.

Lamp L. due to short duration of the pulse does not work. The lamp Ld works, in the grid circuit of which there are a capacitor C3 and resistance Tjj. In the anode depy of this lamp, an electromagnet 5 is triggered, which draws a ribbon.

When sending a positive short-term current pulse, the L, L and L lamps do not work. The U / C lamp is working, which supplies the voltage to the electronic relay; the latter is triggered and partially compensates in the grid circuit of the lamp L. There will be no current impulses transmitted to the line.

Thus, after sending a current pulse corresponding to a dash, the negative and positive short current pulses following it do not provide the possibility of sending current pulses to the line corresponding to points and dashes.

When sending a short-term negative current pulse after a short-term positive pulse current, the lamps L, J72 and 1/74 do not work. Lamp L is triggered (it has no capacitance in the grid circuit, only leakage resistance r is connected) and supplies a positive voltage to resistance r-, lamp L triggers, and electromagnet 9 sends a current pulse to the line corresponding to a point.

With further short-term positive current pulse sending, the Lz lamp operates, and in the anodic circuits of the electronic relay, the current changes its direction as it does when the first positive current pulse is sent. Lamps L :, L and // 4 do not work.

At the next sending of a short-term negative current pulse, the La lamp is again working and compensates for the negative bias applied to the grid of the Lz lamp; the latter triggers and its electromagnet sends current pulses (points) to the line. Lamps L, Lz and 4 do not work.

When sending a long negative current pulse corresponding to the interval between words, the lamp Ld operates, in the anodic chain of which the electromagnet 5 operates. This electromagnet pulls the tape one step. Then, lamp L4 operates, in the grid circuit of which there is a capacitor Ca and resistance g-, the time constant of which is longer than the short-term current pulse corresponding to the point. In the anode circuit of the lamp L4 triggered by the electric 3 -JVo 72916

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trsmagit 7 and goes to the exchange one more step. Although in this case the lamp L is triggered, but the electromagnet 9 does not work, as the current pattern changes in the electronic relay (in the anode circuits).

The proposed schema in the process of constructive development of molset should be reworked in terms of reducing the number of current sources and reducing the number of lamps. In addition, it is possible to replace, at speeds of the order of 250-300 words per minute, a series of relay lamps by mechanical polarized relays.

For reliable operation of the receiver, it is necessary to apply short current pulses of high power to electromagnets that print dashes and dots and intervals between letters and words. This can be achieved, for example, when applied at the output of a circuit of thyratron relays operating in the mode of generators of relaxation oscillations with an appropriate oscillation period. These relays control the print electromagnets of the receiver.

The tape is moved in a primary. It is performed using an anchoring clutch for the operation of electromagnets and, irrespective of the length of the pulse and, consequently, of the time the anchor is pressed by the electromagnet, the anchor wheel rotates only by one tooth. Since the anchor wheel is aligned with the axis of the sprocket wheel, pulling the tape in this way also penetrates one step.

Prevention and Record

Telegraph receiver with a selective relay system for the distribution of telegraph pulses, characterized in that, in order to receive electrical telegraph signals of ordinary Morse code by imprinting on the paper tape of telegraph signals of cable code. Four electromagnets are applied, the first of which, under the influence of "points, produces a certain type of prints on one edge of the paper tape and draws the last one step, the second under the influence of" a dash produces exactly the same type of prints on the other side of this tape and draws the last one one step, the third — under the influence of “spacing between letters,” only draws the same tape one step further, and the fourth — under the influence of “spacing between words, draws the same tape by two steps.

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