SU717665A1 - Method and device for monitoring operating conditions of machines - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to the field of vibroacus; tic diagnostics of dynamic processes in the mechanisms of machines and can be used to monitor the working state, in order to prevent accidents, both in the field of machines and unique machines. There are known methods for vibroacoustic diagnosis of mechanics (1, based on a comparison of the vibration of a research mechanism or machine with reference levels of vibration, which are preset by the operator according to theoretically or experimentally defined law. The closest to the technical essence of the invention is method 2, 1fi where the vibratory components in the O1-dividend frequency range produced by the test machine are converted into electroforming signals with an accelerometer. Peak amplitudes are determined. The ratio of the signals in two divided frequency ranges and the ratio of the indicated signals. This ratio is compared to a value that represents a theoretically or experimentally determined distance that allows us to estimate whether the two measured ratio is within the limits of the machine's allowable limits. the fact that the operator must establish in advance whether the ratio of vibro-acoustic signals obtained theoretically or theoretically obtained is valid. (The% shako theory and practice of machines and mecha-pags shows that this permissible ratio is variable during the long-term use of a cs-zl machine for a normal increase in the machine's overall vibration due to its normal wear. The law of this ratio is established theoretically or experimentally. In the known method, this permissible ratio is established only after the accumulation of sufficient statistical results of testing a large series of machines of this type, which makes it impossible to control the work. for newly created items, since there is no data on their operational characteristics, and, in addition, to accumulate a sufficient number of articles.

The Maiinm test series requires a considerable amount of time.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of determining the moment when the machine enters the pre-emergency mode.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the rate of increase in the level of vibratious parameters is converted into imme- dying rpm in time, comparing it with the i time interval, the ale, obtained at the beginning of the operation, and the magnitude of the deviation determine the state of the machine.

In order to implement the device, the device introduced a vibration parameter converter in a time interval, connected the amplifier, outputted to the circuit, connected to the circuit with a delay delay, the output of which was connected to the second input of the delay, and the same circuit, a circuit, and a network. ON% E w is the first input of the figger, while the Sbixon trigger is connected to the second input from: a matching match, the output of which is connected to the cis accessory of the artwork.

Control (working condition of machines by

This method is implemented in

following sequence.

Transform the amplitudes of the external parameters of the machine into electrical signals. Quantize the aforementioned values (CpBiH CpaBHtnaxit voltage corresponding to the level at the present moment of time, with a voltage corresponding to the previous quantization time. Generate a pulse going to logic bhema, if it is the first) (ifix turns out to be more.

O | De; y ushpto aSht "of the new quantization relative to the h; hell foot of the quantization period in time, expressed in the number of revolutions of the shaft of the controlled machine.,

An alarm is issued if the received time interval is less than the specified time interval received at the beginning of the operation of the bus.

In the proposed method, the rate of change of the vibration of the machine is controlled by comparing the time interval LCP measured in the number of revolutions of the shaft of the machine for which the difference between the LB and the interval AN 66 o66 | xiTOB specified in the velocity measuring gauge (Fig. 1) is reached. As soon as the BH6paiQ OHib ix slew curve is derived, the parameters of the machine with respect to the turns of its shaft increase, i.e. the slope angle of this curve increases (Emergency Analyzer).

Ya FIG. 1 marked:

A - current vibration amplitudes.

parameters;

AN — the amplitudes of the vibrash (parameters measured on the machine at the time of turning on the device; N is the "layer of shaft revolutions controlled

cars; -1

AN. - interval set by VA from (4e)

 body speed; AB is the final value

level differences; AKt - finite difference interval

during normal machine operation; AKj is the interval of the raid of the final difference when the masses enter the emergency mode.

A device for implementing the proposed SW is shown in FIG. 2

The device includes a vibration sensor I, the output of which is connected via the pykwildt amplifier 2 with a transducer of dual signals, during the time interval 3, the output of which is connected to the matching circuit 4 to through the delay line 5 to the measured speed 6, and also to the second input HRC 7. A speed of 6, which is included, is also connected to the shaft of the controlled machine. to the first input of the trigger 7, while the output of the trigger 7 is connected to the second input of the coincidence circuit 4, the output of which is connected with the alarm indicator of the emergency switch 8.

The npefl aitieMoe device works as follows.

A speed meter b, which includes a pulse reference sensor, shaft-wise, monitored 1ac | and s, and a pulse counter, generates pulses, each pulse being a signal of a given step of quarter time, expressed in shaft revolutions.

The level of the probe from the driver i 1 is taken and the correction amplifier 2 and from the latter is fed to the converter BH6pa UfOHHifiix of signals in the time interval 3.

Claims (2)

The vibration signal converter in the time interval 3 includes a null organ, a pulse shaper, a trigger counter (a totalizer and a weight adder, the output of the null organ is connected to the input of the pulse shaper, the output of which is connected to the input of the coincidence circuit 4 and the delay line 5, and also through the trigger counter of the weight adder to the input of the weight adder, the output of which is connected to the second input of the zero-organ. 5 ;; the voltage supplied from the correction amplifier 2 is compared in the zero-organ with the output voltage If the voltage applied to the second input of the zero organ is greater than the voltage from the weight adder, then the output of the organorgan is the voltage from which the pulse shaper will generate a pulse. This means that the final difference in vibration level is considered the harmonics became equal to the qua: nwahuyu level.The impulse from the impulse generator will go to the weight counter trigger meter and change its state by one, thereby increasing the weight adder voltage by the step level nu and prepare the whole chain of blocks included; into the converter of vibration signals13 into a time interval, for the next quarter. In steady mode, the chain of blocks of the vibration signals entering the converter during: the time interval works on the same principle as the converter built according to the sequential counting method. To determine the moment of increase of the output signal over revolutions relative to the previous quantization period, the pulse follow-up period is compared with a predetermined period, expressed in the number of revolutions of the shaft controlled by tires. This is done as follows: the pulse from block 3 is fed to the coincidence circuit 4 and the passage to the alarm indicator 8, if the output signal of the trigger 7 has an enabling signal. The same impulse from block 3 is delayed on pin 5 and translates the trigger into the resolving position. The absence of a delay line would allow the trigger from block 3 to translate trigger 7 into the resolving position and pass itself through the coincidence circuit 4 to the alarm indicator; ariana operation 8. This same pulse from block 3 translates the pulse counters in the velocity meter to the initial position. If the impulse from block 3 arrives at block 4 before the impulse from block 6, then it will pass through the coincidence circuit 4 to the emergency alarm 8. It will be that the final difference in the level of vibration parameters of the monitored machine has grown faster than the specified time period set in block 6 i.e. will mean the operation of the machine in pre-crash mode. If the impulse from block 3 passes to block 4 after the impulse from block 6, then the impulse from block 6 will transfer the trigger 7 to the prohibitory position. This means that the enabling signal at the control input of the coincidence circuit 4 will disappear earlier than the coincidence circuit 4 pass the pulse from block 3. As a result, the pulse from block 3 will not pass through the coincidence circuit 4 to the emergency operation indicator 8. This will mean machine operation in normal mode. The diagram of operation of the device for the working state of the machines is shown in FIG. 3. Claim 1. The method of monitoring the working state of the machines involves measuring, averaging and quantizing the vibration parameters, comparing them with a predetermined signal and issuing an alarm signal different from that, with the accuracy of determining the moment of arrival of the machine into the pre-emergency mode, transform the rate of increase of the level of vibrational psramefs from the measured revolutions in the time interval, compare it with the time m intervals obtained at the beginning of operation of the machine, and the largest deviation is determined state machine. 2. A device for implementing method p. I, comprising a vibration sensor with a correction amplifier, a speed meter, logic elements and an emergency operation signaling device, characterized in that it additionally introduces a converter of vibro parameters in a time interval connected to the amplifier output, the converter output is connected to the matching and delaying circuit, the output of which is Connected to BTOjK) My trigger input and speed meter, and a speed meter input is connected to the first input of the coincidence circuit; Ora associated with signaling emergency operation. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Ed. N.V. Grigorieva. Shbratsi Energy Machines. L., 1974, p. 446. 2. The patent of France No. 2155250, kp. G 07 with 3/00, published. 06/25/73 (prototype). MffteMiw / wloMw kept IQNffcff ntfecfiamet M tw9nnuM aapoHtinfiiA mshma no ti ffo / wnffft .f. Sine kvtv tvl neyahs ysHeeiri t -10 ttl ass. / t Tpolich. -H Ui ff baff ttl. W. , -1P / ff Normal mode W (f Tzad. ha. Illllllllllimill t Tpolt 1.