SU71613A1 - The method of gluing films and sheets of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyldene chloride or polymethyl methacrylate to metal, wood and other materials - Google Patents

Description

Polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride and polymethyl methacrylate have chemical resistance.

Their practical application as protective coatings and decorative materials is made difficult by the lack of reliable methods for gluing them to the surface of metals, wood, concrete, etc.

The bonding methods available are solvent based and are not reliable enough for bonding strength.

The proposed method of gluing does not have these drawbacks and is that a layer of glue consisting of a mixture of thermoplastic materials is preliminarily applied to the surface of any material (aluminum, copper, iron, wood, concrete, plastics, ceramics, etc.). resins: polyvinyl acetal and polymethyl methacrylate in ratios 1: 1; then this glue is melted underneath for a very short period of time (20-30 sec.). high temperatures

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(150-200 ° C), after which it is applied to the film or plate of these polymers. After rolling with a roller during natural cooling (30-40 sec.), The polymers are tightly bonded to the surfaces of these materials.

The entire gluing operation is carried out for 10-15 minutes.

It is desirable to introduce a plasticizer into the polyvinyl acetal resin, for example, diethylene glycol dibutyrate in the amount of 10-15%; the presence of a plasticizer facilitates the subsequent process of fusing it with polymethyl methacrylate on rollers.

For the manufacture of glue on rollers, heated by steam under a pressure of 4-6 agm, load polymethyl methacrylate and roll for 3-5 minutes. until a uniform film is obtained. Polyvinyl acetal is then added in separate pieces. Mixing and fusion of both cmol on the rolls lasts another 5 minutes. After that, the film is cut with a knife and removed.

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Rolled glue films are used to apply them to the surface of materials in a somewhat softened state.

These films - adhesives - can also be predissolved in solvents (acetone, chloroform, dichloroethane) and applied as a lacquer. After volatilization of the solvent, the adhesive adheres well to the surface of the material.

A thin layer of solvent (dichloroethane) is applied with a brush onto the prepared surface of any material, after which a film of glue is applied. For convenience, the film is slightly softened with a roller or hands pressed to the surface. In order to increase adherence, it is necessary to remove all the solvent, which is achieved either by natural drying, or better with heating to a temperature of 150--200 ° C. It appears;

As indicated above, the film can be dissolved in solvents, for example, acetone, chloroform, dichloroethane (1: 1: 1 ratio or in one of them), in concentrations from 10 to 20%. In the form of varnish glue can also be applied to the surface.

The fusion process (hot process) leads to an increase in adhesion of glue to the surface. In cases where a very large adhesion is not required, it can be limited to applying glue only in a solvent (varnish) and after a little drying: apply polymer films on the cold.

The melting process increases adhesion to 50 kg / cm.

Polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride are glued to a layer of alvaroacrylic glue (primer) applied to the surface of any materials in the following manner.

Polymer films on the gluing side are treated (lubricated several times as they dry) with chlorobenzene. Processing. Produced by cotton, or brush, see 244.

chlorobenzene, preferably with a slight heating of the polymer (up to 30-35 ° C).

After chlorobenzene, the surface of the polymer after some evaporation of chlorobenzene is coated with a 10% solution of polyvinyl chloride resin (in a solution of a mixture of dichloroethane, chloroform and acetone in the ratio 1: 1: 1) or in one of the indicated solvents. Applying one thin coat of varnish is already enough. After a short drying for 3-4 minutes, the surface is more than once coated with a poly (ethyl methacrylate) lacquer (10% solution) in the same solvents. The film of this varnish also give a little dry.

The specified coating varnishes the surface of polymers gives the most dense adhesion. You can not cover the surface with these varnishes, it is enough to treat it with chlorobenzene.

Simultaneously with the polymer surface treatment with a solvent and varnishing at the end of processing, 1-2 minutes before gluing, the heat transfer film applied on the material (metal, wood, etc.) of the alvaroacryl glue is melted at about 150-200 ° WITH.

Polymers of methyl methacrylate and its copolymers or compositions based on it are treated from the surface of gluing with a suitable solvent (dichloroethane, butyl acetate, acetone) until the surface is softened. Typically, this operation takes 1-2 minutes, after which the polymer is bonded to the surface of the material on which the alvaroacrylate film is applied.

The adhesive can be suitable not only for bonding various materials with the polymers mentioned above, but also for gluing the films of these polymers together.

When the temperature is lowered to 20 ° C, the bonding strength does not change. When the temperature rises to 60-70 ° C, the bonding strength also does not change. With further increase in temperature, the bonding strength begins to decline.

Usually, at a temperature of 110 ° C, the bonding strength of polymer films is even: e is sufficient.

Under the action of strong acids on the film, upon exposure to 2 months, the film softens somewhat and slightly (by 5-6%) swells. Alkalis of different concentrations of the film can withstand unchanged.

Film thickness should not

exceed more than 0.5-1.0 mm, since an increase in the thickness of the layer does not contribute to an increase in adhesion.

P, R invention

A method of gluing films and sheets of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride or polymethyl methacrylate to metals, wood and other materials, characterized in that the gluing is done using a pre-melted mixture - approximately equal parts of polyvinyl acetal and polymethyl methacrylate resins.