SU70850A1 - Variable pitch screw - Google Patents

Description

Already known are pits of variable pitch, comprising a centrifugal speed controller for viit and blades, coupled to the leader by means of plaetarping, sun wheels, first to turn the blades, blade 1, turn around; blades;: bae: vibiiii; .

The proposed variable-step pitch is distinguished by the fact that for the braking of the sun wheels, hydraulic rotary pulses are used, which are rotated from the sun wheels. The resistance kakoeoi is made adjustable by means of a centrifugal regulator.

LL transfer of blades to reverse or vane position pr1-mepsp 15kl: 0chengp 1 into the hydraulic system between the pumps and gold; d; 1: ohm centrifugal regulator; 1 torus production-adjustable zolotp; . The secondary nschuzhiii gusledyego corresponds to the work absorbed on the hole: al: -l1e ..g dir1; IU, and the extreme ones on the weather vane and reverse modes. For ug-: lz; .and:;; The blades of the blades are installed in a device that is mounted in a cable / hee 3; ie, the device combined with the indicated 1Y, 1 device.

Ma Che) tezhe images ;; ;: A schematic diagram of the variable pitch according to the invention.

The device consists of a regulating system, comprising a SIZE; t); a thrusting regulator /, throttling double gold;: 2, two oil pumps 3 n 4 reducing and increasing niai-a, given in dyesthy solpechny gears 5 i; 6 nosredretvom lue skull 7 and 8. Arbitrarily rearranging the spool .9, included in Jddrapl; -; cheskuyu control system 1i, can occupy one of the three fixed,; (; P-when the v. Of the weather vane and lower III-when the reverse mode. The spool 9 was filled with three annular grooves c, b, and c, designed l distributed 1; the working fluid flows in for; The following system comprises an element; gt iff.

N ° 70850

mounted on a sleeve //, coupled to 12 liter niter 13, which are meshed with the sun wheels 5 and 6.

In the normal mode, when the independently adjustable sliding spool 9 is in the middle position, the control spool 2 is in a neutral position and its annular groove communicates with the hydraulic control channels 14 and 15 and the channel 16. With the slurry tank 17. The ring bibs b and from the spool .9 at this time are combined with channels 18, 19 and 20, through which the working fluid, through the ring bore of the regulator spool 2 and further along channel 16, slides into tank 17. Pumps 3 and 4 through channels 22 , 23 n 24 sucks the working fluid from tank 17 and then pushes it out: through channels 25, 20 and 26, 18 to the annular grooves h and from the control spool 9. The grooves, in turn, by channels 14, 20 and j5 communicate through the annular spool of the spool 2 with a channel 16 for draining the working fluid into the reservoir.

Thus, the pumps, pumping the slurry in a closed loop, are idling.

To drive the pumps 3 and 4 and the propeller blades 27, a nozzle 29 (carrier) is rigidly fixed on the motor shaft 28 with a satellite 30 freely rotating around the axis of the leash and a plug 3 in the screw with the lasts 27. The satellite 30 is included in the mark with two free shimn on the shaft 28 bevel gears 32, 33 and 35 to form a differential. On the hubs of the latter, sun wheels 5 and b are rigidly mounted, coupled with gears 7 and 8. On the blades of each blade 27 are worm gears 34, coupled with worms 35, the ends of which are mounted gears 36, coupled with one common gear 37.

In the position shown in the drawing, when the spools 2 and 9 are installed on the slurry drain, the gears 32, 33 and 35 will not move the satellite 30, as they are equally loaded and will rotate at the same speed as the screw shaft 28.

The gears 7 and from the drive of pumps 5 and 4, mounted on the base case, will rotate with the shaft 28 by means of sun gears 5 and 6 all the time. The gears of the drive of the blades 36 will rotate together with the gear 37 as a whole, without turning the blades. The preset engine speed will be constant until the engine or airplane mode is disturbed and the load on the propeller does not change.

When the mode changes, for example, when the rotational speed of the spool 2 of the regulator is reduced, the upper flange of the spool 2 closes channel 14 and the lower flange fully opens the channel 15. The pressure in the channel 14 will also increase. 7 of the pump 3 will brake, causing the sun gear 6 to braking. As a result, the gears 36 will start rolling around the gear 37 and the worm to 35, coupled to the gear 34, but the rotation relative to the hub of the screw will cause the lopes 27 to rotate in the direction of decreasing pitch. At the same time, the rotations of the screw will begin to increase. The spool 2 will rise up under the action of the centrifugal regulator and will again take up the initial neutral position and the motor will be restored.

As the engine rpm increases, the spool 2 rises and the flow of working fluid in channel 15 decreases. Pump 4 will start to work at lower speed, which will cause braking of gear 33. This will cause rotation relative to sleeve 5 / inta gears 36 and screws 55, which by means of gear 34 will rotate the blades in the direction of increasing the pitch of the screw. Rotate blades

the screw will continue until it is restored and the spool 2 is in neutral position.

A device for indicating the pitch of the blades of the blades, including element 10 mounted on the Y / coupling, is associated with the pointer of the pointing device 38. The coupling // with the JO element moves, depending on the load, on the screw, as a result of the gears 12 and 1, which are connected in one slotted manner, and the other screw connected to the muffle, are in charge with the sun wheels 5 and 6.

To limit the large and small pitch of the blades in the device, there is a spool 39 associated with the pointing device 38 and reporting the hydraulic lines to the drain system in the extreme positions.

To transfer the screw to the vane mode with the engine running, the control lever 40 raises the valve 9 to the upper position and activates the hydraulic accumulator or electric pump for supplying the working fluid. In this case, the working fluid under elevated pressure enters the pump 3, which will work as a hydraulic motor. The gear 7 of the pump in this case will rotate in the direction opposite to that during normal operation, and the pump will turn the blades 27 in the direction of increasing the pitch until the weather vane stops. Pump 4 when the motor is stopped and the pump 5 is working (as a motor), there will be no influence on the screw input into the vane mode, there will be no pressure, as the working fluid from the pump 3 will be drained NL: into some other reservoir. At the same time, the channels of the pump 4 are blocked by the spool 9. The coupling 11 of the tracking system is moved by the gear 13 along the splines of the pinion gear 12 to the left, and the indicator 38 of the rotation of the loop shows that the blades are rotated. Upon reaching the vane position (as far as it will go), the automaton will turn off the hydraulic accumulator or electric pump.

To remove the screw from the vane mode, you need to lower the spool 9 with the control lever to the middle position, i.e. put on normal operation and turn on the unit of extraneous energy, for example, 1-hydroaccumulator or electron compressor. Then the oil will enter the pump (brake) 4, which will start to work as a hydraulic motor and, rotating the blades in the opposite direction with the system of gears 8, 5, 30, 32, 37, 36, will rotate in the direction of decreasing pitch. At the same time, the coupling of the follower system of the Iternay 12 and shift the pin of the pinion gear 13 to the right and pull the spool 39 behind the co6oi. Rotate the blades ai the spool 39 will move until the groove d of the spool coincides with the limited-channel of small pitch. In this case, the oil will be drained into the reservoir, the pump 4 will stop, and the pointer 38 will show the angular position in which the blades have stopped. Starting the motor can be carried out by spinning the propeller from the oncoming air flow or from the onboard self-start.

The screw is reversed in reverse mode by moving the spool 9 to the position. In such a position of the spool 9, the oil is sucked in by pumps from the reservoir as in the case of normal aliol: 1e work. Pasos 3 will supply oil to the annular groove of spool 2, but only from the side of the upper overlapping bead, that is, the channels will cross. The oil supplied by the pumps to the bore of the spool 2, through channel 16 will be discharged into the reservoir. When cnvHiennoM spool 9 screw must automatically percy-; and on pp ;; srsiniu; e work, because during the conversion of the zooor 9 to the reverse, the output system:;. itz pz equilibrium in the direction of increasing the radius. This is tsr011skhod11T because the distance between the grooves on

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No. 70850

The spool and housing channels are made different. The specified normal number of revolutions, before reversing, will be restored to the carrier. Versions and will automatically be supported by the regulator.

With increasing engine speed in the channel / 5, braking of the working fluid flow will occur, as the spool 2, by the action of the zeolite force of the weights, knocked up. The pump -3 with the gear system will turn the lonasti towards increasing the negative angle; engine speed will fall, and a given recovery of 1ggs.

When yMCHFjHjeHHH revs, the spool 2 lowering under the action of the spring V11NZ will slow down the movement of the working fluid and therefore the pump 4 through the gear system will turn the blades in the direction of decreasing the negative angle of the lavasters; the speed increases, the f / 50Topa mode is restored. Other revolutions at the reverse are set by the control of the regulator as well as during normal screw operation, i.e. by changing the tension of the regulator spring.

The withdrawal of the viit from the reverse is condemned by the transfer of the valve 9 to the normal mode.

When the motor is running at revolutions, the screw fits onto the small-pitch limiter; then the groove from / to the spool 39 will coincide with the channel, but to which the oil from iiacoca -7 will be as follows ;; 15at to reservoir-uar 17.

The control lever of the regulator / you can think about speeding up the pint to the reverser mode of operation, as well as its output, either during normal operation or during the normal operation. In order to avoid breakdowns of the mechanism, the rotation of the blades of the nedusmatr and the safety clauses 41 is working, even if the transfer of the spool 9 to the other 5 channels is closed all channels.

- To maximize the maximum angle of the pcseiica angle, put a mechanical safety limiter, or add channels to the body of the regulating system and H rotoch1 y on the ground ;; 39 trace of the system. MvcVra //, moving the spool .19 to the right or the right side of the inverse, as well as when it works in this mode, will show the medium; the 38 pointer will replace the rotation of the screw as it is normally

Next, the system consists of a coupling U /, an element W, an ntlinovy roller e with gear 12, a threaded (screw) e and a ester; she is 13, a spool 39 with a flange, and and a ring bore grooves d i-i e.

At single rotational speeds of gears 12 and 13 (and therefore solar and esterg 5 -; C), the clutch // will be locked together with gears 12 and J3, rigidly fastened 1H-1Y1My on coins cooTiieTino shlnntsevn and thread rollers.

At various speeds in gears 5 and 6, the coupling //, performed the nut, thanks to the guilin and thread on the gears 12 and 13, will move either to the right, or to the left: 1: o (in the rear; and 1) from the direction of the TV non-lightening tester.- 5 and 6), the JO element is carried along, and the pointer 38 will continuously show the angle of rotation of the propeller blades in the shaft of its operation in normal, vane and pe1 modes.

PROPERTY AND H OUT OF; p;

. The screw of the variable Step, I conclude, is a centrifugal L b reg /; tsr rotations of the screw and overload, matched with 1 unit; with the shaft of a gossarsd vsm planetary gear, the solo wheels of which are made for God with respect to LEDs, differing

by the fact that for braking the sun wheels, hydraulic rotary pumps are installed that are activated in rotation from the sun wheels. moreover, the resistance of the pumps is made adjustable by means of a centrifugal regulator.

2. Screw according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to transfer the blades to the reverse or vane position, an arbitrarily adjustable slide valve included in the hydraulic system between the pumps and the spool of the centrifugal regulator, the middle position of which corresponds to the screw operation in the normal mode, and the extreme ones on wind vane mode and pa reverse mode.

3. Wipt on n. 1, characterized by the use of a device for indicating the pitch of the blades, made in the form of an element coupled with a pointing device and shifted in the presence of the speed difference of the sun wheels.

4. The form of the screw but p. 3, characterized in that the element permutations are mounted on the coupling coupled with gear coupled with the sun wheels, with one through a slit joint, and with the other with a screw.

5.Vipt on PP. 1-5, characterized in that in order to limit the large and small blades of the blades, a stopper is used, made in the form of a spool, connected to the pointing device and communicating in extreme positions the hydraulic brake lines of the hydraulic system about m

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