SU690035A1 - Method of producing light-weight filler - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to building materials and can be used in the manufacture of lightweight porous aggregates.

A known method of manufacturing granulated mineral wool 1 by simultaneously feeding tufts of cotton wool and a synthetic binder into a rotating drum-type dresser and subsequent heat treatment with an ointment for the purpose of drying and curing the binder. The granules obtained in this way have a bulk weight of 200300 kg / m. A disadvantage of the known method is the high bulk density of the granules with a relatively low strength and a long manufacturing process.

Also known is a method of making a light porous filler from soluble glass (2.3 by granulating glass by introducing it in the form of drops into calcium chloride solution, followed by drying the granulate and swelling at a temperature of 200 ° C and higher. The resulting granules have a low bulk density of up to 100 kg / m and, depending on the type of filler and additives, a wide range of strength properties.The disadvantage of this method is its relatively high labor intensity and multi-stage production process.

There is also known a method of making a lightweight filler 4 by granulating and heat treating a mass by spraying a substrate of a nonwettable material, for example, a fluoroplastic film, and subsequent heat treatment at 230–280 ° C for 5–8 min.

The filler, manufactured in a known manner, has a bulk weight of 50-150 kg / m, a particle size of 0.01-2 mm, compressive strength up to 6 kgf / cm.

The disadvantages of this method are:

1. Comparatively high bulk.

2. Small aggregate particle size, high specific surface area, which entails an increase in binder consumption in the manufacture of products based on this aggregate.

3. The impossibility of obtaining aggregates from synthetic resins, for example, carbamide, is due to the recommended heat treatment mode (a supply of 5–8 min at 230–270 ° C leads to the destruction of most synthetic resins). 4. High heat capacity of the production process. The closest to the invention is a method of making a lightweight aggregate, including tea granulation of a mass from a carbamnd position by spraying with hot air 5. The disadvantages of this method are; 1. Comparatively high bulk. 2. Small particle size filler. The aim of the invention is to obtain a filler with a reduced bulk density and larger particle sizes. This goal is achieved by the fact that granulation and heat treatment are carried out jointly by applying a mass of urea Composition 8 as drops onto a heat-resistant metal surface heated to 100-185 ° C, which is pre-coated with a layer of fine powder 0.05-1 mm thick, and holding drops on the surface for 3-6 minutes The essence of the method is that droplets of mass, falling on the surface with a fine dispersion of bedding, roll up, acquiring a spheroidal shape (like raindrops, which fall on a flat surface, roll into a ball). The application of fine bedding, for example of perlite flour, on a heated surface with a temperature of 100-185 ° C allows

Table I can combine the operations of granules, 1i (rolling drops) and heat treatment. The surface can be made of any heat-resistant material. Example. A mass is prepared that includes the components in the following amounts, wt.%: Urea resin 80 Foaming agent (albumin) 8 Filler (lignin) 10 Hardener (ammonium chloride) 2 The finished mass is poured into a dropper with a perforated bottom (hole size 3-6 mm) and under with a pressure of 0.2–0.6 atm or maintaining a constant volume of mass in a dropper (i.e., under pressure above the mass) is fed to a surface of aluminum foil heated to 100–185 ° C with a pearl flour mixture. Drops of mass are kept on the surface for 3-6 minutes. During this time, mass foaming occurs, its drying and curing. Physicomechanical indicators were determined in accordance with GOST 9758-68 Porous inorganic aggregates for lightweight concrete. Test methods. Technological parameters and test results granules filler are given in table. one.

Compressive strength (compression), kgf / cm

2.4

Materials used as heat-resistant surfaces and as fine glass 1, 5

until 6

0.8

Claims (5)

persic powder bedding, table 2. The use of the proposed method of manufacturing a lightweight filler provides the following advantages: 1. It makes it possible to obtain a filler based on synthetic resins, for example, based on a urea resin. 2. It makes it possible to obtain a filler with a particle size of from 3 to 20 mm and a lower volume mass (25–40 kg / m) and saves the binder due to the lower specific surface of the granules. 3. It provides a reduction in the bulk density of products, respectively, the weight and thickness of products. The volumetric mass of the obtained fill l is 40-50% less than that of the known. Claims The method of manufacturing a lightweight aggregate, including the granulation of a mass from a carbamide composition with simultaneous heat treatment, characterized in that, in order to obtain a filler with a reduced volume mass and coarse particle sizes, granulation and heat treatment of the mass is carried out by applying the mass in the form of droplets on a heated up to 100-185С a heat-resistant metal surface, which is pre-coated with a layer of fine powder with a thickness of 0.05-1 mm, and holding drops on the surface for 3-6 m n. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 330118, cl. From 04 To 43/02, 1970. 2. USSR author's certificate number 47292, cl. From 04 to 19/21, 1930. 3. USSR author's certificate number 50022, cl. From 04 to 19/21, 1953. 4. USSR author's certificate number 393782, cl. From 04 To 31/02, 1971. 5. US patent number 3845006, cl. 260-37, published. 1974 (prototype).