SU68603A1 - Device for the extraction of soil samples with undisturbed structure, for example, for the production of compression tests - Google Patents

Description

The device is intended for the removal of. A soil from a natural array, subjected to a laboratory compression compression test. The data of such tests are accepted, as is known, as initial for calculating the sediment base and foundations of the structure. There are many devices for sampling soil, but all of them have the disadvantage that when sampling soil, they violate its natural structure. The subject of the invention is a device for excavating soil samples with an undisturbed structure, made in the form of a cylindrical cup, provided with a ring knife at the lower end. To eliminate the test when rubbing the sample against the walls of the glass and the possibility of conducting a compression test of the sample without placing it inside the glass, a tubular rubber casing is placed between its cylindrical surface and the sample. The cavity between the Rendered rubber sheath and the wall of the glass communicates with the pipes. . OY to suck air out of the cavity when a sample is taken by the glass and to inject air or water when the soil sample is compressed during the compression tests or during the transportation of the sample. FIG. I is given a general view of the glass of the submersible; and FIG. 2 is a view of a stan with a soil breakdown during compression testing. 5 (Fig. 2) with tapering upper and lower end edges. Into the cup 8 there is an inlet on the tube 5, which connects the cavity of the cup to the atmosphere. The sheath of the shell 9, its edges edged to the edges of the cup 8, bent on a cone, below with an annular knife / O, and above with a ring 4. The knife S and the ring 4 are bolted 7 with nuts 2 and covered with a stopper 6 with ball 7 or connected to a rubber hose for filling with air or liquid. The instrument consists of a cylindrical tube. An elastic hole of the tube 5 can be placed in a glass.

the bone of the middle cavity formed between the cup 8 and the shell 9.

When assembling the rubber sheath 9 is inserted inside the cup 8. The ends of the shell are screwed out and pulled onto the conical ends of the cup 8. To these ends, an annular knife W and an upper ring 4 are attached. The annular knife Yu and the upper ring 4 are bolted and pressed to the conical the ends of the glass 8 nuts 2, clamping the ends of the rubber sheath. In the assembled device, an annular cavity is formed hermetically closed between the rubber casing 9 and the cup 8. This cavity communicates with the atmosphere only through the tube 5, on which the rubber tube is put on. The diameter of the rubber casing P is somewhat smaller than the diameter of the stank 8; therefore, after the device is assembled, the rubber casing has a bulge inward, i.e. the shape shown in FIG. 1 dotted "position first.

A sample of the soil will be placed in this shell when it is selected from the array, and the rubber will tightly cover it. In order for the soil sample to freely and without friction go inside the glass-grouser, the rubber shell is attached to the outwardly curved position, i.e., to the walls of glass 8, as shown in FIG. 1 dotted "position second.

This position is attached to the shell by creating a vacuum in the hermetic annular cavity between the shell 9 and the cup S. The vacuum is created by suctioning air from the cavity through a rubber tube connected to the tube 5. Since the rubber shell 9 has a thickness of 0.5 - 1 mm, the suction air can be produced by mouth without resorting to the pump.

After the air is exhausted, the rubber tube is clamped.

By injecting air, you can give any position to the rubber sheath and adjust the compression of the soil sample during sampling. It is better to select bonded soils (clay) so that they do not touch the walls of the device at all (except for cutting) 94

ring knife 70). For less cohesive and non cohesive soils (sandy loam, sands), a weak compression of the rubber casing is used in order to fully preserve the natural structure and porosity of the soil,

The knife 70, when the submersible (glass) is immersed, cutting off the excess soil, forms a sample that freely enters the device. When the soil sample fills the cup to the top, the soil is cut from the bottom, compared along the edges, and hermetically sealed with rubber gaskets (not shown). For better preservation of the sample during transportation, its cavity between the rubber sheath 9 and the cup S is filled with water and closed with a stopper 6.

The device shown in the drawings has a design that is convenient for sampling from pits. For sampling from boreholes, the instrument is structurally modified. Its shape is made more streamlined from the outside, and the corresponding washer with a sleeve is fitted on top to secure the device with drill rods.

This washer has a valve for the escape of water and air during sampling.

When the device is filled with soil, the latter will be held in the device not only by a rubber sheath (after air intake from the annular cavity through tube 5), but also by its separation from the atmosphere by the valve.

For compression tests, a cup S filled with a breakdown is mounted on a disk 76 (FIG. 2) with a fixed support and subjected to pressure of the piston 75. To transfer the pressure to the piston from the press, a ball 74 serves. To measure the amount of soil compression, the piston 75 serves as an indicator-mass 77 planted on support 73.

A suitable manometer can be attached to the tube 5 to determine the lateral pressure of the soil transmitted through the rubber sheath 9 and the aqueous medium contained therein. Instead of a pressure gauge, a narrow vertical can be attached.