SU686013A1 - Extremum control system - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to self-adjusting automatic control systems and can be used to optimize the operation of various technological systems having extreme static characteristics.

A known extremum continuous controller 1, comprising a quality index increment calculator, the input of which is connected to the extremum sensor, and the output is connected to one of the inputs of the approximation unit; a control increment calculation unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the approximation unit; an amplifier whose input is connected to an output of an approximation unit; an integrator, the input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier, and the output to the input of a unit for calculating the increment of the regulating action. To form a regulating effect, the device uses the value of the derivative of the quality indicator with respect to the regulating effect.

The disadvantage of this controller is low speed.

Closest to this invention is an extreme control system comprising a series-connected reversing element and an actuator, the output of which is connected to the input of the object to be controlled, and the series-connected extremum sensor, the first switch, the first memory block and the first comparison block, the extremum sensor input with the output of the control object, the second input of the first switch is connected to the output of the command generator, and the second output through the second memory block - with the second eye input of the first unit of comparison N

The disadvantage of this system is also low speed. The purpose of the invention is to improve speed.

To achieve this goal, the system contains a frequency divider, a third memory block, a maximum signal source and a succession, a second switch ao connected, a fourth memory block, a second comparison block, a logic device and a third switch whose output is connected to the input of the reversing element, the second input - with the output of the maximum signal source, the third input - with the second input of the logic device and with the input of the second switch, the second output of which is connected through the third memory block with the second input - the second about the unit of comparison, and through the divide. frequency with the output of the command gene) ator.

On fng. 1 shows a functional diagram of an extreme control system; in fig. 2 - diagram, according to the work of the installed system.

The extremal control system contains an extremum sensor 1, the output of which is connected to the information input of the first switch 2, the rotary input of which is connected to the output of the controller I of the electric generator 3. The outputs of the first switch 2 are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second memory blocks 4 and 5, you. which are connected to the inputs of the first comparison unit 6, the output of which is connected to the information input of the second switch 7, to the first input of the logic device 8 and to the first information input of the third non-switch 9, the second information input of which is connected to the maximum signal source 10. Monorating input of the second switch 7 is connected to the output of frequency divider 11, the input of which is connected to the output of the command generator 3. The outputs of the second switch 7 are connected respectively to the inputs of the third and fourth b memory blocks 12 and 13, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the second comparison unit 14, the output of which is connected to the second input of the logic device 8. The output of the logic device 8 is connected to the control input of the third switch 9, the output of which is connected to the input of the reversing element 15. The output the reversing element 15 is connected to the input of the executive mechanism 16, the output of which is connected to the input of the control object 17.

The extreme adjustment system works in the following way.

The first pulse from the command generator 3 on the control input of the first switch 2 connects the first memory block 4 to the extremum sensor 1 for the duration of the pulse. During this time, go to the first memory block 4 of the current value of the extra, i; JLy characteristic. The mechanism 16 changes continuously the state of the control object 17 and by the time the second pulse appears with the command generator 3, the operating point will take a new position on the extremal characteristic. The second pulse from the generator 3 on the control input of the first switch 2. connects the second memory block 5 to the extremum sensor 1, and the new value of the extreme characteristic is recorded in the second memory block 5.

The values of the extremal characteristic recorded in the first memory block 4 and in the second memory block 5 are compressed in per 5 () m b doc of comparison 6. And in this device, 1 H1 km, the difference between these values is. The calculated difference is an increment of the quality indicator at a given time interval, which is determined by the follow-up period and the pulses from the co-generator 3. -... that the quality indicator increment, i.e. the first derivative has a negative sign, the direction of movement of the actuator is not switched . With a positive sign of the first derivative, the direction of movement remains unchanged. The device uses a frequency divider with a division factor of 2. In this case, the second pulse from generator 3 through the frequency divider 11 passes to the control input of the second switch 7 and connects the third memory block 12 to the output of the first comparison block 6. During the pulse time, the quality index increment is recorded in the third memory block 12. The state of the object of regulation, and therefore the value of the quality indicator, is continuously changing. The third impulse from the heater 3 is supplied to the first switch 2 and connects the first block of pa. Mi 4 to the extremum sensor 1 for the duration of the impulse. A new value of the extremal characteristic is recorded.

The fourth pulse from generator 3 connects the second memory block 5 to the extremum sensor 1. In the second memory block 5, the next value of the extreme characteristic is recorded. The first block of comparison 6 calculates the difference between the current values of the quality indicator, i.e. the first derivative. At the same time, the fourth pulse from the generator 3, fed through the frequency divider 11 to the control input of the second switch 7, connects the fourth memory block 13 to the output of the first comparison block 6 and records the increment or first derivative value to the fourth memory block 13. Recorded values of the first the derivative is received on the second comparison block 14, which calculates the imprinting of the first derivative on a given interval, i.e. the second derivative is calculated. The values of the first and second derivatives are transferred to the logical device 8.

Of. considering the dependence of the first and second derivatives when changing from O to -1-00 (see Fig. 2), it follows that:

in the first domain, the first and second derivatives have a positive sign;

in the second region, the first derivative has an obligatory sign, and the second is negative;

in region III, the first and second derivatives have a negative sign;

in the fourth domain, the first derivative has the corresponding sign, and the second is positive.

.jHflK the first

The sign of the second derivative

The output signal of the logic device 8

ABOUT

Claims (1)

In accordance with the table, the logical function of device 8 occurs. At the output of logic device 8, a "logical unit" signal appears if the operating point is in regions II and III. A "logical zero" signal appears when the operating point is in regions I and IV. Thus, the logic device 8 distinguishes between near and far zones of extreme characteristics. The signal from the E5-out of the logic device goes to the control input of the third switch. 9. If the operating point is in regions I and IV, i.e. in the far region, then the actuator 16 receives the maximum signal through the reversing element 15, the maximum speed of movement to the extremum. If the operating point is in regions II and III, i.e., in the near region, then the actuator 16 receives a signal c through the reversing element 15. the output of the first block of comparison 6, i.e., a signal proportional to the first derivative, or a signal depending on the distance to the extremum (see Fig. 2d). When approaching an extremum, the signal decreases, and at the point of extremum the regulating signal is zero, i.e. the object is set to the optimum mode of operation. The proposed system of extreme regulation differs from the prototype in that when setting the object of regulation to the optimal mode, the values of the first and second derivatives of the quality indicator are taken into account. This increases the speed and quality of control of the object. In terms of technical and economic efficiency, the proposed system improves the accuracy and reliability of the control object. Claims An extremal control system comprising a series-connected reversing element and an actuator, the output of which is connected to the input of the control object and the series-connected extremum sensor, the first switch, the first memory block and the first comparison block, the input of the extremum sensor, are connected to the output of the control object, the second input of the first crossover, the switch is connected to the output of the command Ienepator, and the second output — via the second storage batch — to the second input of the first block compare It is characterized in that, in order to increase system speed, it contains a frequency divider, a third memory block, a maximum signal source and a second switch connected in series, a fourth memory block, a second comparison block, a logic device and a third switch, the output of which connected to the input of the reversing element, the second input to the output of the maximum signal source, the third input to the second input of the logic device and to the input of the second switch, the second output of which is connected via t A memory unit with a second input of the second comparison unit, and through a frequency divider with a command generator output. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 324610, cl. G 05 13/02, 1974. 2 USSR Copyright Certificate No. 166180, cl. G 05 B 13/02, 1966. SZDMlLK, II fuz. one