SU668687A1 - Oxygenerator - Google Patents

Description

(54) OXYGENATOR

one

The invention relates to the field of medical technology, namely, devices for artificial enrichment of blood with oxygen. It can be used in the treatment of acute heart and pulmonary insufficiency, in cases of prolonged extracorporeal circulation.

Membrane oxygenators are known that replace the function of the lungs, ensure the penetration of oxygen into the blood and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood through a semipermeable membrane separating the gaseous and liquid media.

A membrane oxygenator is known, which contains blood channels in the form of capillaries of gas-permeable material inserted one into another and oxygen channels 1.

The disadvantages of this oxygenator are low productivity, a large volume of primary filling of donor blood, a large consumption of oxygen due to the absence of an ordered, forced effect on oxygen molecules when passing through a semi-permeable material.

Another oxygenator is also known, comprising a blood channel and an oxygen channel, separated by a semipermeable membrane 2.

This oxygenator does not provide high efficiency of oxygenation due to the lack of means for selectively targeting oxygen molecules towards the blood surface, as well as means for increasing the turbulization of red blood cells. This also leads to a high consumption of oxygen and a large volume of filling with donor blood.

The desire to improve the performance of such an oxygenator by increasing the pressure in the oxygen medium increases the resistance to blood flow, which leads to additional injury to it.

Claims (2)

The aim of the invention is to intensify the process of enriching blood with oxygen by creating a directional flow of oxygen molecules to the membrane surface and increasing the turbulization of erythrocytes without fractionating charged blood particles. For this, the proposed oxygenator is equipped with a magnet having a system and poles to form an uneven field, with the blood channel located between the opposite poles of the magnet. The drawing shows a functional diagram of the membrane oxygenator. It contains a channel 1 for blood, a semipermeable membrane 2, channels 3 for oxygen, and a channel for blood is located between the opposite poles of magnet 4, which create an uneven field along the channel for blood. The device works as follows. The blood moves along channel 1, and oxygen through channels 3. Oxygen molecules with paramagnetic properties are acted upon by an uneven magnetic field directed towards the zone with a higher intensity. Due to this, a directed flow of oxygen to the surface of the semipermeable membrane 2 is created. The proposed oxygenator has a number of advantages over the known ones. It allows you to significantly increase the intensity of the blood enrichment process with oxygen. In known membrane oxygenators, oxygen molecules enter the blood through the membrane as a result of their Brownian motion, and in the proposed oxygenator they are directed to the membrane surface, which greatly increases the likelihood of oxygen molecules entering the blood. The effect of a magnetic field on oxygen molecules is selective (molecules of other gases that are part of the air do not have paramagnetic properties). This will allow air or oxygen-air mixtures to be used for blood oxygenation, which will give a significant economic effect due to the oxygen saving and improve the operating conditions. Improving the performance of the membrane oxygenator helps to reduce the initial volume of filling, which is an important advantage because of the savings in donor blood and the creation of more physiological conditions of artificial oxygenation. Thus, the introduction of an oxygenator into medical practice will contribute to the solution of the social problem of rehabilitation of patients with acute heart and pulmonary insufficiency and will give a significant economic effect due to the saving of oxygen and donor blood. Claims of invention An oxygenator containing channels for blood and oxygen separated by a semipermeable membrane, characterized in that, in order to increase the intensification of blood enrichment with oxygen by providing a directional flow of oxygen molecules to the membrane surface, the oxygenator is equipped with a magnet having a system of poles to form an uneven field wherein the channel for blood is located between the opposite poles of the magnet. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Germany patent number 2527255, cl. A 61 M 1/03, 1976. 2. US patent number 3594130, class. A 61 M 1/03, 1971.