SU63756A1 - Flotation sorting machine for vegetables, such as green peas - Google Patents

Description

For canning plants use green pea varieties, which are divided into two groups: early ones with large smooth grains and late ones - brain ones with wrinkled grains.

Green peas are harvested at the time of canning ripeness, i.e. when the grains have fully developed, but are still tender and contain the maximum amount of sugar. In canned unripe peas, it gives an overly soft watery product and overripe gives. solid starchy product with low sugar content. Thus, the most tender, and therefore valuable, are the young peas. Currently, green peas after threshing (peeled) are divided into varieties (delicate, medium ripeness and overripe) with the help of drum screen grades, which divide the peas into two or three varieties only by the size of the grains. But since the size of the grains of the peas does not always correspond to a certain stage of maturity, the sorting of the peas only by size does not give the desired results and among the delicate varieties it passes individual grains of over-ripe starchy peas, and this does not allow to produce high quality canned green peas.

In order to be able to select only delicate, sweet varieties of high quality peas and generally split peas into different grades in quality, the canning industry uses several different types of grains, designed on the principle of different pea dip rates in a saline solution depending on the specific weight of peas (green early maturity peas with a high content of sugar have a lower specific weight than peas overripe with a high content of starch).

However, these sortings were not widely used, due to the complexity of the design of automatic machines for regulating the constant specific weight of brine, the possibility of separating only one sort of peas, i.e., the separation into two fractions in a certain amount of brine, and for other reasons.

The proposed flotation sorting machine makes it possible to separate peas and other vegetables in brine with a specific weight of 1.05-1.055 sodium fraction: higher, standard and non-standard.

For the continuous separation of the specific weight of ovosh weighed in the solution, it and several streams and their direction into the receiving bins by means of guide tubes and drainage in the working tank, movable dampers are installed, rotating about the axis, and the gate.

To regulate the pressure of the solution in the system, one of the guide tubes is equipped with a butterfly valve.

A collector with slit-like cutouts serves to enter the circulating solution separated from the vegetables and create its current in the upper layer of the flotation machine.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic vertical section of a flotation sorting machine for vegetables, for example green peas, FIG. 2 - its top view.

After washing or drum sorting and blanching, green peas enter the receiving hopper 1 and, however, the inclined canopy 2 enters the conical working reservoir 3, wetting with the barbater's short-circuit brine 4 along the way. on 100-75 mm. In the wall opposite to the loading point of the sorting, there is a cut-out 5 along the entire width of the wall 50-60 mm high, through which the brine is poured together with light peas.

The very yellow pea that falls into the grading now sinks to the bottom into the diffuser 6, from where it is injected (fed) through pipe 10 into the bunker 9 using the nozzle 7 under the brine pressure. The pea is filtered through the pipe 10. and through the filter 12 flows into the hopper 13, from where the pipe 14 enters the pump 15, which feeds the brine to the pressure tank through the pipe 16. The peas, which are easier to sink in the first sorting port, flow downstream to the exit, but do not float, but immersed behind the partition 17, settled to the bottom 18, where the nozzle 19 to t Rub 20 is fed to a hopper 21 where it is separated from the brine as described above. The lightest peas (top grade) float to the surface of the brine and under the bottom of the latter, through a collector 22, float to the exit from sorting, where through the cutout-drain 5 passes into the bunker 23; here, as in the bins described above, the peas separated from the brine are collected in the bunker and the brine passes through the filter to the pump.

The peas from the hoppers along chutes 24 are fed to a three-belt conveyor 25, which is fed to the places of further processing.

Sort pea willow carries with it salt from the solution, which is liquefied, disrupts the pea separation (sorting). To maintain a constant brine specific gravity (or close to constant), a salt solution 26 is provided, from which a high concentration brine from time to time passes through a funnel 27 to the pump 15 and is pumped last into the pressure tank. To avoid overflowing the pressure tank, an overflow pipe 28 is provided, through which the solution enters the hopper 13 under the filter.

At steady state sorting, the brine circulation can be carried out without a pressure tank, i.e. the pressure pipe from the pump is connected to the manifold 22, nozzles and barbuter 4.

To regulate the selection of smaller or larger peas of the second and third fraction, it is possible to adjust the separation using a rotary mesh partition 29 around the axis 30. The injection rate of peas through the pipes is controlled by valves 31, and for pipe 20 by a valve 32 regulating the solution pressure in the system. The amount of discharge 5 for the descent of brine with peas is regulated by a gate 33.

The present design of the flotation screening machine can also be used for

cleaning of grain (seed) from weed and simultaneous treatment with chemical reagents (preparations).

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. A flotation sorting machine for vegetables, for example, green peas, consists of a tank filled with a solution with receiving bins for selected varieties of vegetables, characterized in that, in order to continuously separate the original vegetables according to their specific weight, in the working tank 3 are set 3i movable: a flap 29 nod 33, which is adjustable by turning around axis 30, assigned to divide the vegetable-suspended solution into several streams and to guide them into the receiving bins of the pipes 10, 20 and drain 5. 2. The form of the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide tube 20 is provided with a valve 32 for adjusting the solution flow in the system. 3. In the device according to claims 1 and 2 use a collector 22 assigned to introduce a working solution separated from vegetables in the upper layer of the flotation machine. FIG. 1 FIG. 2