SU628834A3 - Electronic computer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of digital computing.  A known electronic calculator on a machine containing a software control device, an information processing device, a memory device and I / O units l3 However, this electronic computational software provides branching of the computation program for only an insignificant number of transition conditions.  The closest technical solution to this invention is an electronic computer, which contains a program control device with serially connected command address registers, a program counter, command storage unit and command register, the corresponding outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the operation decoder and address decoder, moreover, the output of the instruction storage unit is connected to the input of the software counter, the information processing device with operand registers, the information processing unit matsii and the transition scheme, the first and second inputs of which podk. They are connected to the first and second outputs of the information processing unit, and the third and fourth inputs are connected to the external inputs of the information processing device, the third and fourth outputs of the information processing unit are connected to the first distribution line through the second inputs to the corresponding outputs of the decoder of operations through the corresponding keys connected by the second inputs to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoder, connected to the inputs of the operand registers, the outputs of which are connected Uninstalled with the second distribution line through the corresponding keys, the second inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoder, and with the corresponding inputs of the information processing unit directly, the corresponding input of the information processing section connected to the address outputs of the command register of the program control device, which are connected to the first distribution pin and intermediate registers, the outputs of which are through the appropriate p1 K. GPOCHI, connected by the second inputs To the corresponding outputs of the decrypted POS operations, and addresses are connected to the first distribution line, and the first inputs are connected to the second distribution line, the second input of the corresponding intermediate registers directly or through the corresponding keys are connected to external codes of the electronic computer, and the outputs The respective intermediate registers are connected to external outputs of the electronic computer 2.  However, this electronic computer has a narrow scope as it provides for branching the program only by the results of calculations in the information processing unit.  The aim of the invention is to expand the scope.  The goal is achieved by the fact that the proposed electronic computer contains storage elements included between the additional corresponding keys, the second (R) inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoders and the address decoder, and the fifth and sixth inputs of the transistor circuit, the seventh and eighth inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the address divertor, and the pressure input under k. k is sent to the corresponding output of the operation decoder, the outputs of one of the operand registers are connected via additional corresponding keys, the second inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoder, are connected to the address input on the command register and the address decoder input, and the information processing device contains the OR element, nopBi input which, via an additional corresponding key, connected by a second input to the corresponding output of the operation decoder, is connected to the fifth output of the information processing unit and, the input input is connected to the output of the transition circuit, and the output is connected to the second input of the command storage unit of the program & ness control; the fact that the information block contains the elements of IE, AND, OR, shift and comparison sug® ator, control element and elects the first circuit, two groups of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the information processing unit, the first inputs of the elements AND, OR, NOT, the shift and the comparison, the adder and the console element are connected to the first input of the information processing unit, and the second inputs of the AND, IL compared and the adder elements are connected to the second input of the information processing unit, the outputs of the elements HE, AND, OR, shift and comparison, adder, contact po nogo member and selectively connected in circuit with the respective outputs of the information processing unit; by the fact that the selective circuit contains switching steps that are connected to the ring and separated from each other by relay contacts, the inputs of which are connected to the first circuit, the input spins of the selective circuit, and the outputs are connected to the outputs of the selective circuit, the control inputs of relay contacts are connected to the second group of selective inputs contour; in that the switching stage contains a resistor, a NOT element and diodes, the first input of the switching stage through a series-connected resistor and the directly connected first diode is connected to the second input of the switching stage and through the series-connected element NOT and the counter-connected second diode is connected to the first stage output switching, which through a directly connected third diode is connected to the second input of the switching stage, the second output of which is connected to the resis connection point. torus and the first diode; as well as the fact that the transition scheme contains groups of two elements AND, the first inputs of the first elements AND of each group are NOT connected to the first inputs of the second elements AND of the same group and connected to the corresponding inputs of the transition scheme, the second inputs of AND elements of each group combined and connected to the corresponding inputs of the transition circuit, the third inputs of the first elements AND of all groups and, accordingly, the third inputs of the second elements AND of all groups are combined and connected to the corresponding DIV1DIM inputs of the transition circuit yes, and i the moves of the elements AND of each group are combined and connected to the corresponding outputs of the transition scheme.  FIG. 1 shows the block diagram of the proposed electronic computer; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of an information processing unit; in fig. Block diagram of the electoral circuit; in fig. four - . schematic diagram of the switching stage; in fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the transition scheme.  The electronic computer comprises a software control device 1, an information processing device 2, distribution lines 3 and 4, inter-day registers 5, keys b and starting elements 7.  The software control device 1 comprises a command address register 8, a program counter 9, a command storage unit 10, a command register 11 with an operating part 11 and an address part 11, a decoder 1 for operations and a decoder 13 for the address.  The information processing device 2 comprises an information processing unit 14, registers 15j and 152 operands, a transition circuit 16, OR element 17 and keys 18, Information processing unit 14 contains a NOT element 19, a selective circuit 20, a shift element 21, a comparison element 22, an element 23 AND, element 24 OR, adder 25 and control element 26.  Selection circuit 20 contains relay contacts 27-27 ,, steps 28 | - 28 switching, group of inputs 29–29c, group of inputs 30 - OOP and outputs 311–31 ”.  Switching stage 28 contains a resistor 32, a NOT element, 33, diodes 34, 35 and 36, inputs 37 and 38, and outputs 39 and 40.  Transition circuit 16 contains elements 41 AND and elements 42 AND with elements 43 NOT on one of their inputs.  Electronic computer works as follows.  Let us consider its work on the example of the unfolding of communication processes at the telephone station, at which it is necessary to conduct a survey of certain points, determining the presence of a certain operating mode.  Answers to inquiries about the operating modes of these points are received, for example, via input lines, which pass, for example, through intermediate registers 5, from which the request for operating modes in question can then be made with the help of 1 pre-accumulated external information.  With the help of the register in register 15 | the main address, which is fed to the address part 11 of the command register 11, designed to receive the address part, and from there via the address decoder 13, and using the operation code 11 in the command register 11, which is used by the decoder operation 12, is performed then, polling the first considered intermediate register 5, for example intermediate register 5, as a result, the external information accumulated there may be brought to block 14 in order to check its suitability.  Then, from block 14 to transition 16, information is issued that determines also the output of the transition instruction, namely, it determines whether the transition instruction was actually given or not.  In the latter case, the previously used primary address is changed in the above manner by one unit using the ind register (xa (not shown), so that an address arises for which the query 4b can be made in the above described manner of the following intermediate register 5, for example intermediate register 5, which, in response to this, provides external information intermediately accumulated therein to block 14.  From this case, the information issued then to the transition scheme 16 determines whether the transition is being carried out or not.  In the latter case, the already changed primary address is changed further in the described manner, which leads to polling of the next intermediate register 5.  All these processes are repeated until a point is found that detects the desired operating mode based on external information provided to it, or until all intermediate registers 5 are polled, although the corresponding point was not found.  In the first case, a transition command is given, which ends further polling of the intermediate registers 5 and results in using one branch of the program, containing already other commands, with the help of which, for example, the found point with the desired operating mode is serviced individually.  So, in these cases of operation, the peculiarity of the transition condition taken into account during the transition was determined using the control information of the information processing device 2 issued by the register of the operand 15 as the primary address, which is represented here by the corresponding operating mode.  However, this primary address can also be changed using the adder 25 or the element 19 NOT, and the use of the mentioned index register is unnecessary.  Further processing of the information is modified here by the transition condition taken into account during the transition, insofar as this is determined by the additional information of the transition; which must be taken into account to give the transition command to the appropriate points.  If the point that initiates the return of the transition command is not found, then the transition command is not given and the transition is not performed.  Different transition conditions can be represented not only by different hosts, but also by the operating modes, but also by different functions of different devices from among the blocks 14 that participate in receiving transition commands.  Illustrating this example is described below.  Points whose operating modes are polled by the onHcaHHtaM method above can, for example, be a group of subscriber units, among which should be found the one that makes the call.  However, it can also be a D group of track sections, which are taken into account within the communication link stage of the communication field for the connecting channel to exchange by two subscriber units, from which it is necessary to find the one that does actually exist on this communication channel. .  However, it is obvious that the points of a completely different device connected with each other are checked in the same way.  As already noted, the transition information issued via the address decoder 13 can be used as addresses through which directional polling of devices is performed, which, as necessary, also evaluate one of the transition conditions to return the transition commands.  Such devices could also be formed by the logical elements that make up the transition scheme 16.  These devices in this case are assigned individually to the Inputs, denoted by x.  With the help of different addresses supplied to the address decoder 13, also the various logical elements of the transition circuit 16 can also be interrogated with respect to the various inputs, labeled x.  Addresses supplied to the address decoder 13 can then be received directly at it in the form of control information generated by the information processing unit 14, or they could first be sent to the address part llj of the command register 11 so that they can still be there change using the index register. If the logical elements in mind are connected to devices that have different transition conditions and corresponding functions, then the different logical elements are also taken into account as a result of polling: these differences : In transition conditions.  In all the explored examples of operation, with the help of additional control information, it is possible to determine at which point of the program sweep the transition takes place.  For this purpose, for example, the moment that the information serving as the address is used is taken from the resistor, the operand 15 is transmitted to the address decoder 13.  In this implementation, the transition is prepared, for example, by a preliminary presentation of the transition information to the storage elements 7.  To return a transition command, it is not necessary to control, indicated by the J key, or having the same designation of the input or output of the device that encompasses the transition information.  It is enough that the information, which also defines the transition, is contained only in the address part of the command, since the operation code is not needed in this case.  Such a transition command is given, for example, when an address request is made to the logical element via the address decoder 13, which relates to the transition scheme 16 and the second input of which is connected to the output of one of the blocks 14.  The verifiable information for this process can be supplied via line a, for example, from part 11 of the command register 11, and the test result is fed to said logical element of the transition circuit 16.  Examples of how the selective circuit 20 belonging to the information processing unit 14 is used for conducting a search, as will be explained in FIG. 1 and 2.  Comparison element 22 serves to issue conditional jump instructions that affect the command storage block 10 of the program control device 1.  Such transition commands may also be given with the participation of other devices that interact for this purpose through the transition scheme 16.  Of particular interest here is the electoral circuit 20, which serves to select among binary characters in a predetermined manner, determining the further use of information, which is perceived by the operand register as necessary.  If the information in question is in the operand register ISf, it is fed along a line leading from the register of operand 15 | on the electoral circuit 20.  Upon completion of the search process in the selective circuit 20, binary signs selected under known circumstances on the line / leading to distribution line 3 are transmitted to another device, for which, using the decoder of operation 12, key 18 is embedded in the specified way , using the opcode of the instruction code, which is simultaneously located in the command register 11.  At the same time, the key 18 is adjusted accordingly, which, before entering the device, is perceived further than these binary characters.  As such a device can also be selected one of the intermediate registers 5, to which the channel leads through one of the registers of operand 15 or IS.  As a result of choosing among binary signs, determining the further use of information, perceived as necessary by the register of operand 15, different tasks can be solved.  If the computer serves to sweep the communication processes on the telephone standard, this way you can, for example, use the provided electoral circuit 20 to determine the serviced subscriber input, among several subscriber inputs that make the call. In addition, the binary symbols related to the information captured by the register of operand 15 are used primarily to mark those who answer among the group of subscriber inputs, and the binary symbols assigned to them have one binary value, while binary signs do not given to the answering subscriber inputs, have a different binary value.  Such information may, for example, enter the corresponding register of operand 15 with the participation of intermediate register 5, the key 6 connected for this to the outputs of intermediate register 5, and the key 18 connected to the corresponding register of operand 15, with the corresponding Pattern are controlled using the command code through the decoder operation 12 and the decoder address 13.  On the line leading from the register of operand 15 to the electoral contour 20, these binary signs are transmitted there, and there they undergo a selection process, and only those signs that are given to the responding subscriber inputs are selected.  One of these last binary digits is transmitted further through the outputs of the selectively on key 18, as a result of which, in the course of the program sweep, the subscriber input is first of all determined.

Another task that can be solved with the help of the selective contour 20 is the definition of at least one used part of the path of the communication field of the telephone exchange, relating to the part of the path along which the communication channel for the next call can be made and which not yet occupied. In this case, separate binary characters of information located in the corresponding register of operand 15 are assigned to separate sections of the route of a group of sections of the route, which, for example, are in the same communication level of the communication field. The selection, tic, of at least one of these path sections is carried out in a similar manner as described above for subscriber input. In this case, it seems rational, for example, instead of just one used track section, to determine two such track sections, which are taken into account in the course of a further program sweep. This program sweep may eventually lead to the determination of a common communication channel that connects the two subscriber inputs of the telephone exchange using the corresponding communication field. And in this case, the external information that came before this through the intermediate register 5 is selected. The result of the selection can then be used for further transmission through the intermediate register 5 on the communication field to set up the point of contact points.

Selection circuit 20 may also be used if the selection is internal information. For example, as a result of this, a choice can be made among several waiting queues in intermediate registers 5 intermediate results, which are obtained when a given program is swept.

As a result of the choice among binary icons, determining the further use of information perceived as necessary by the register of the operand 15,

0, the various assignment of the selection method employed in this is facilitated. Thus, for example, in this case, a sequence can be specified in which, when choosing, binary signs relating to one information should be taken into account. In addition, the starting point of the sequence can be shifted for each selection process. The information that is determined (1 is the given selection method, it is advisable in this case to be taken in the register of operand 15, additionally provided in the information processing device 2. For example, if the register of operand 15 serves to output that information, which is represented by those binary characters, among which you need to make a choice, then the information that determines the specified selection method is perceived in the register of the 1Sj operand. This information can be provided by the program control device 1, and it can come through as long as anny in the drawing channel. However, it may also fall back from drugo5 th source. In each case it can moreover also be modified during further processing of the information, for example, shift element 21, with which

i, you can shift the starting point of the sequence for each selection process by one bit.

The way in which the selection is performed as necessary is especially effective if the auxiliary register 15j. The operand, which determines the method of selection, accepts exactly as many binary characters as the original register 15 of the operand, which, if necessary, accepts information that is selected. In this case, binary digits par 5

Claims (5)

But interpolates in different registers of the 15 operand. In the auxiliary register 15, the operand, for example, in this case, the starting point of the sequence to be considered when choosing, is set using a binary sign deviating from the rest of the binary signs. In this case, one switch stage 28 to the selective circuit 20 is supplied with the potential corresponding to the given binary sign of the information to be selected. Its switching stages are inductively associated with intermediate switching on of relay contacts 27, of which only the one that has the binary sign of information intended for a selection sequence that determines the starting point of a sequence is nonconductive. Of the relay contacts 27, only contact 27I is non-conductive. The remaining contacts 27 are closed and conductive. Binary signs relating to the information being selected are fed to the inputs 29 of the electoral circuit 20, Binary signs of the information determining the choice, individually determine the operating position of the contacts 27. In accordance with the diagram shown, the binary sign acting on pin 27 , deviates from the remaining binary characters of the information defining the selection method, which leads to the fact that only contact 27 is nonconductive. As a result, the sequence is determined for the selection process carried out by the electoral circuit 20, which takes into account those binary signs arriving at its inputs 29 that have such a binary value that they are taken into account in the selection. As a rule, electoral circuit 20 is adjusted in such a way that, after the selection process is completed, the one and outputs 31, to which the selected binary sign is received, gives a special signal. A binary sign is supplied to the switching stage 28, the mailbox when selecting as a result of the positive potential being applied to its input 37. If, in addition, a positive, so-called releasing potential is supplied to it through input 38, then the connection point of resistor 32 and diode 34 also detects a positive potential, resulting in a positive potential at output 40 indicating that the inte polished binary sign. Element 33 NOT, whose input is connected to input il, outputs a negative potential at its output, which, in the form of apying potential, through diode 35 permeable to it, is transmitted to output 39, and diode 36 prevents potential equalization between input 37 and output 39. Now, the next switching level 28, connected to the output 39 by means of the contact 27, no longer contains any positive freeing potential at its input 38, which leads to the fact that this neighboring switching level 28 cannot give an output by ozhitelny potential. In conjunction with all the remaining switching stages 28, it follows that of those switching stages 28, to which a positive potential is applied as a binary sign, only the one produces at its output a positive potential that is at the smallest distance from a non-conducting contact 27j from step 28 | Step 28. In the junction 16, both the first inputs of the elements 41 and 42 And belonging to the same pair are jointly connected to the corresponding output of the address decoder 13. The other two inputs of elements 41 and 42 are jointly connected to the line transmitting the internal or external information of the transition, with the inclusion of element 43 NOT in front of one of the two inputs. Internal transition information is transmitted along lines that go from storage elements 7 to elements 41 and 42 I. Internal transition information can also be transmitted along lines that lead from adder 25 and control element 26 to elements 41 and 42 I. However, The transfer information transmitted via these lines may also arise as a result of the interaction of both internal and external information during its implementation, and information processing device 2 also took part. The third inputs of the AND elements 42 are further connected to the control line from the corresponding output of the decoder 12 operations, with the help of which it can be determined that the transition is made only if the binary signs interpolated with the transition conditions have the corresponding binary value. The third inputs of elements 41 And are connected to other outputs of the decoder of 12 operations, with the help of which it can be determined that the transition is made only if the signs interpolated with the transition conditions have a different meaning. To initiate the execution of the transition, see the circumstances, a binary signal is also provided along the corresponding line marked for this purpose with a single binary value, which is output by the operation decoder 12 using the operation part of the command, which is located in the command register 11. The x addresses, given to elements 41 and 42 I, lead to the address decoder 13. As a result, the address of the pair of elements 41 and 42, taken into account in the logical combination of the transition information, becomes an address part of the command. If this address part is supplied from the storage unit 10, the combo is the internal transition information that determines which other transition information should be taken into account in the logical combination that would be imparted to one of the stipulated transition conditions. As explained above, this jointly considered transition information, reviewed by circumstances, is transmitted through the lines leading to a pair of elements 41 and 42 I. In this case, when jointly accounting for the logically combined transition information, we can talk about external or further internal transition information. External transition information may, for example, be transmitted along a line to a pair of elements 41 and 42, and further internal transition information is transmitted, for example, from storage element 7 to a pair of elements 41 and 42 I. The address of a pair of 41 and 42 elements taken into account when logically combining information The transition can also be represented by information that was generated during the program sweep with the help of device 2 for information processing. For this, it should be transmitted to the address decoder 13, for example, from the one register of the rand 15J. In order to make this possible, the address decoder 13 is additionally connected via a key 18 via a line b to a register 15 | operand block 14 information processing. The transfer of such an address is initiated by the operational part of the command, which, via the decoder 12 of the operation, provides direct communication of the aforementioned key 18. The address generated during the program sweep with the help of the information processing device 2 may also arise on the basis of external information a preliminary request about which on one of the intermediate registers 52 or Sj, to provide auxiliary effects, for example, using the index register, the address delivered first by register 15 of the operand can in this ee in part fed to the register 11 commands intended for pri4 EMA address part of the command code. The transition information, taken into account jointly by logical association, may be further external or internal transition information. In each case, it is also possible to simultaneously determine at which point of the program sweep the next transition takes place. For this, for example, a moment is used at which information serving as an address is transmitted from register 15 of the operand to address decoder 13. It can directly or indirectly determine the point at which the transition occurs. Here, the transition is prepared, for example, by the fact that Transition information is previously supplied to one of the intermediate storage elements 7. External transfer information includes unconditional transfer information, for example, such information that can be delivered by calling the command code from the command storage unit 10 via the address portion 11 of the command regsiter 11. The internal information of the conditional transition can be variously generated by the information processing device 2. In this as-condition transition using the comparison element 22, for example, the information that appears during the program sweep in both registers 15 of the operand of the information processing device 2 is compared. In this case, one of the two compared information may be a preliminary result of processing the intermediate accumulated information. However, one of the two information being compared can also be delivered in advance by the other controlling machine and remain intermediately accumulated until the comparison. The finalized transition information is based in this case on both external and internal information. Unconditional jump information can also be generated by the fact that, as a jump condition, binary information of binary characters that appear during the sweep of the information program is checked to withstand the code X from t, and given that E f 10 that Formula 1. An electronic computer containing a program control device with serially connected by the register command addresses, a program counter, a command storage unit and a command register, the corresponding outputs of which are connected to odes deigafratora operations and address decoder, and the output of the command storage unit is connected to the input of the program counter, an information processing device with operand registers, an information processing unit and a transition circuit, the first and second inputs of which are connected to the first and second outputs of the information processing unit, and the third and fourth inputs are connected to external inputs of the processing device information third and fourth the outputs of the information processing unit Through the corresponding keys, connected by the second inputs to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoder, are connected to the first distribution line, which through the corresponding keys, connected by the second inputs to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoder, are connected to the inputs of the operand registers, whose outputs are connected to the second distribution line through the corresponding keys, the second inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoder, and with the corresponding mi inputs of the information processing unit - directly, the corresponding input of the information processing unit is connected to the address outputs of the register of commands of the program management device, which are connected to the first distribution line, and intermediate registers, the outputs of which through the corresponding keys connected by the second inputs to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoders and addresses are connected to the first distribution line, and the first inputs are connected to the second distribution line, the second inputs of the corresponding intermediate registers directly or through appropriate keys are connected to external inputs of the electronic computer, and the outputs of the corresponding intermediate registers are connected to external outputs of the electronic computer, characterized in that, in order to expand the scope of application, it contains storage elements included between additional corresponding keys, the second inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoders and c1 addresses and the fifth and sixth inputs of the transducer circuit turn, the seventh and eighth inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the Address Address decoder, and the ninth input is connected to the corresponding output of the operation decoder, the outputs of one of the operand registers are connected via additional corresponding keys, the second inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the operation decoder are connected to the address input of the register commands and the input of the address decoder, and the information processing device contains an OR element, the first input of which is connected via an additional corresponding key The second input to the corresponding output of the operation decoder is connected to the fifth output of the information processing unit, the second input is connected to the output of the transition circuit, and the output is connected to the second input of the program instruction control storage unit. 2. Electronic computer pop.1, characterized in that the information processing unit contains the elements NOT, AND, OR, shift and comparison, the adder, the control element and the selective circuit, two groups of inputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the processing unit, the first inputs of the elements AND, OR, NOT, shift and the comparison, the adder and the control element are connected to the first input of the information processing unit, and the second inputs of the AND, OR, the comparison and the adder elements are connected to the second input of the information processing unit, the outputs of the NOT, AND, OR, shift and comparison elements, the adder, the control element and a selective circuit connected to the corresponding outputs of the processing unit. 3. Electronic computing machines on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the selective circuit contains switching stages that are separated from each other by relay contacts, the inputs of which are connected to the first group of inputs of the selective circuit, and the outputs are connected to the outputs of the selective circuit, the control inputs of relay contacts are connected to the second group electoral circuit inputs. 4. Electronic computer PEPP.1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the switching stage contains a resistor, the element is NOT and the diodes, the first input of the switching stage through a series-connected resistor and the directly connected first diode connected to the second input of the switching stage and in series connected element NOT and the counter-included second diode is connected to the first output of the switching stage, which through the directly connected third diode is connected to the second input of the switching stage, the second output of which is connected to the connection point of the resistor and the first diode. Q 5. Electronic computer pop.1, characterized in that the transition scheme contains 5 groups of two elements And, moreover, per176288 The first inputs of the first elements AND of each group are NOT connected to the first inputs of the second elements of the same group and connected to the corresponding inputs of the transition circuit, the second inputs of the AND elements of each group are combined and connected to the corresponding inputs 5 of the transition diagram, the third inputs of the first elements AND of all groups, and accordingly the third inputs of the second elements AND of all groups are combined and 34 18 connected to the corresponding inputs of the transition scheme, and the outputs of the elements AND of each group are combined and connected to the corresponding outputs of the transition schemeSources of information taken into account during the examination: 1. Shpeyzer. Digital Computing Möshny, 1965, p.28. 2. High-speed computing machine M-2, under. ed. Brooke, Hittl, M., 1957. g., ".. ev9SH . .f .. , "-. L; . / v; -v; f / ;; / lkj i - fMtf