SU604834A1 - Device for obtaining fibrous materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the production of non-woven canvas fibrous materials such as paper by the dry method, in particular, to devices for producing paper from staple inorganic fibers, mainly glass fibers, and can be used in glass fiber manufacturing plants.

The paper obtained at the proposed installation is widely used to create various composite and mica-containing electrical insulating heat-resistant materials in order to replace some types of expensive and extremely scarce thin glass fabrics used in the electrical insulating industry.

A known apparatus for producing glass paper from staple glass fibers comprising a combustion chamber with nozzles, a fiber deposition chamber with a window at the bottom for exiting the product and a suction chamber located under it.

The installation contains a glass melting vessel of circular or cylindrical shape, in the bottom of which there are dies for glass melt outlet, arranged in circular rows around the periphery. The resulting filaments are drawn by pulling rollers and fed into the combustion chamber for inflation. After blowing, the staple fibers enter the fiber deposition chamber and settle on the grid of the receiving-forming conveyor 1.

A device is known for producing articles from fibrous materials, namely, fiber glass, comprising a combustion chamber with nozzles, a fiber hood with an exit window below, a receiving conveyor and a suction chamber, made in the form of a duct and located under the fiber deposition chamber.

A disadvantage of the known devices is the uneven distribution of the gas flow jet, which leads to the formation of a different thickness material due to the unequal distribution of aerodynamic flows along the width of the suction chamber. The consequence of the uneven distribution of the wire and the thickness of the material is relatively low tensile strength.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the product.

To do this, in a device comprising a combustion chamber with nozzles, a fiber deposition chamber with an exit window, a receiving conveyor

and the suction chamber, the suction chamber is provided with a protrusion located below the output window of the fiber deposition chamber, the height of which is 0.2-0.6 of the height of the suction chamber, and the ratio of the nozzle length of the combustion chamber to the height of the fiber precipitation calter

is in the range of 0.1-0.2, and the ratio of the length of the suction chamber to the height of the fiber deposition chamber is in the range of 1.1 - 1.5.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - the same cross section.

The device contains a glass melting vessel 1 with spinnerers 2, a cooling chamber 3 of the filament bulbs located below it, pulling rolls 4 of the pulling mechanism, a combustion chamber 5 with nozzles 6 having a slit 7 and a fiber deposition chamber 8 with an exit window 9 at the bottom to exit the battle . A suction chamber located in the form of a box 10 is located under the fiber deposition chamber, the upper part of which has a protrusion 11 located under the outlet window of the fiber deposition chamber. In the center of the suction chamber there is a pipe 12 for removal of combustion products, a receiving conveyor 13 is installed under the fiber deposition chamber with heating elements 14 installed above it at the end.

A dispenser 15 of the binder solution is installed between the fiber deposition chamber and the heating elements.

The installation works as follows.

From the spinnerets 2 of the glass-melting vessel 1, elementary filaments 16 are drawn by means of pulling rolls 4 of the pulling mechanism (not shown), which are then fed into the jet of energy carrier 17 flowing from the slot 7 of the nozzle 6 of the combustion chamber 5. Uniform distribution of fibers in the stream the hot energy carrier depends on the dosing of the primary fibers, which is carried out by a constant draw rate and their uniform distribution with a constant schag on the pull rollers.

In a jet of hot energy carrier, the primary fibers are inflated into super-, ultra- and microthin staple fibers 18, which enter the fiber-coating chamber 8 and settle on the grid of the receiving conveyor 13, forming a thin bandage 19. Combustion products are discharged through the duct 12 of the box 10 to the atmosphere.

The resulting batt 19 is wetted with a solution of the binder coming from the spray gun 15, and then it is dried up by the heating elements 14. The finished glass paper product is unwound into a roll 20.

It was established experimentally that with the ratio of the length / slit of the nozzle 6 of the combustion chamber 5 to the height H of the fiber deposition chamber 8

less than 0.1 fiber flagellation takes place in flight, which violates the uniformity of the structure of the fiberglass and glass paper based on it. At a specified ratio of more than 2.0, there is a reflection and dispersion of energy carrier with a mixture of fibers from the grid of the receiving conveyor due to the high speed of the hot energy carrier flowing from the gap of the combustion chamber nozzle, as a result

which breaks the process of forming fiberglass.

It was also established that with the ratio of the height hi of the protrusion 11 to the height of the box 10 less than 0.2, as well as the ratio of the length L of the chamber

suction (duct) 10 to the height I of the chamber of fiber deposition 8 less than 1.1, a small amount of air is sucked in at a faster rate, resulting in a folding on the material. With the above ratio hi to h greater than 0.6 and L to H greater than 1.5, there is a significant increase in the amount of air drawn in at a low speed and a simultaneous decrease in the suction of combustion products, as a result of which flow turbulization increases in the fiber deposition chamber to form fiber flagella. energy flow.

The proposed installation provides a uniform dosing of the fiber, the elimination of the folding of the canvas in the forming zone and, as a result, the production of the product is high quality glass fiber.

Claims (2)

1. US Patent No. 278542, cl. 162-156,1957. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 268613, cl. S OZV 37/00, 1969.