SU6024A1 - Method and device for making waterproof sheets - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method and a special device based on it for the manufacture of waterproof cloths from textile materials, paper, etc., using concentrated solutions of alkaline-earth chloride compounds of other metals in a continuous workflow.

The manufacture of waterproof cloths from textile materials, paper, etc., with the use of chloride compounds of alkaline-earth and other metals often encounters considerable difficulties in factory production, consisting in the strong decomposition of cellulosic substances, in the decommissioning of the material by leaching of used salt solutions or in the difficulty of recuperation. and reapplying saline solutions to the workflow. In the proposed method, these difficulties are eliminated by the fact that the cloth rolling around from one or several rolls envelops the heating rolls, going to the bath containing chemicals to form amyloid, then, after impregnation in this bath and after cleaning TI, squeezing out excess chemical reagents t through a heating device acting on both sides of the panels, which accelerates the maturation process during the formation of amyloid. Next, the sheets are guided into the leaching baths, passing through one or more cooling drums, intended to prevent decomposition of the amyloid that is formed, and then after leaching in several baths with pressing after each bath, pass through the washes. empty cylinders, if necessary, if necessary, the holding of panels through an impregnation, for example, dye bath, can precede the whole process.

Accepting the treated sheets, not entering the bath with chemical reagents, along the heating drums for proper drainage ensures that the concentration of the chemical bath is

it remains constant, so that the formation of amyloid, accelerated by the addition of oxidizing agents, cannot interfere with the liquefaction of the chemical bath.

Due to the fact that after the removal of excess chemical reagents, the cloths soaked in the chemical bath, are scraped and squeezed through the heating device, the fiber particles are swelling and adhering to a soluble amyloid. I When only one is used as the heating method; a cylinder, a single roll or a single-i on a heating plate, then reversed; to such an arrangement, the side of the panels is parchmented more strongly than the other; the parties, at what this phenomenon occurred; Ditens to a greater extent the thicker the piles, since the impermeable layer j is a poor conductor of heat. | In view of this, with a known thickness of the panels, only one-sided parchment can be achieved. i In the proposed method, this disadvantage is eliminated by the fact that the cloths are guided through a heating device acting uniformly on both their I sides, i.e. at least two heating drums so that both sides of the panels are in contact with the heated surface; loops of the drums and thus jerking on parchmenting. A modification of such a device may consist in the fact that around the heating drums a system of heating pipes or bodies that act rays can be placed to a known distance on the outer side of the canvas, thanks to which the material is better and more uniformly treated. Finally, instead of holding the sheets to heat them evenly across the drums, 1 rolls, or heating boards, you can pass them through an arbitrary type of heating installation, for example, through a heated chamber. As the sheets heated on both sides are pagmented much faster, the productivity described by the device described above is improved.

Due to the fact that the outer surfaces of the panels, softened by parchmenting, are carried out over one or several cooling drums, the exposure of chemical reagents to which cellulose splitting would occur is too difficult. Chilled cloths that are not exposed to a noticeable self-heating before entering the leaching bath, which could deplete cellulose decomposition, provide a much smaller amount of cellulosic sludge in the first leaching bath than would be the case if the cloth came from the heating device directly into the leaching bath. a bath. The more difficult this slime release is, the greater the impermeability of the fat and water panels.

The cooling of the first leaching bath can also be achieved by recovering the regenerated solution of this bath continuously from it in transverse direction, driving it through the tubular cooler, and discharging the cellulosic sludge enclosed in it through a filter press. Thanks to such processing of the solution, i.e. its continuous circulation from the leaching bath to the tubular cooler and the filter press returning to the bath in a cooled state, the first leaching bath is kept free from detachment of cellulosic sludge and a continuous process flow is achieved.

To implement the described method, the device shown in the drawing can be used.

The sheets to be processed come off the coils 1, 1 and, by heating the heating rollers 2, by which they are subjected to the necessary drying, and also sent to the rollers 3, are introduced into the bath 4 containing chemical reagents for the formation of amyloid. After the impregnation of the cloth in this bath, part of the excess solution and soil is located (the floor of the cloth (ah, knives 5 are removed from the sides of the dinner parties), after which the squeezing

the shafts 6 are extracted from the panels of the excess j reagents. The impregnated cloths are pressed by the roller 7 to the inside of the heated drum 8. To heat and squeeze both sides around the drum 8, heating pipes, batteries, etc., are installed; radiant warmth. Instead of the heating drum 8, it is possible to pass the cloth through chambers heated by warm I air. Ripe, in a sense; the formation of amyloid, the cloth envelops the cooling drum 9, which prevents the undesirable decomposition of the formed, amyloid. After cooling, the cloth arrives immediately. same, in the leaching bath 10 and the guide rollers 11 is supplied; to the squeeze rollers 12. Next, using the guide rollers 14, the cloth is guided through the second leaching Vanpa 13, on leaving it they are squeezed out by the squeezing rollers 15. In the device shown in the drawing, there is an eine third you can bath 16, through which the cloth passes, rolling round the rolls 17. After the new squeezing of the panels, squeezing rollers; 18 they enter the wash baths, | which, in the device shown in the drawing, are in the amount of three 1 and are marked with numbers 19, 23, 27. Above the washing baths, there are rails 20, 24, 28, through which the cloths pass, following a zigzag path. When passing through the rollers, the cloth is subjected on both sides to intensive spraying with water supplied to the perforated tubes 21, 25, 29. The jets emerging from the latter can be directed to the enveloped surface of the rollers 20, 24.28; to eliminate perelamyvanie panels. By alternating holding the cloth through the squeezing rollers, washing baths, rollers with spray tubes increases the washing effect, so that only a relatively short washing part is required to completely remove the chemical reagents. Wringer rollers 22 26, 30 are located between the individual washing baths and behind the last of them, producing a strong squeezing of the cloths. From the last squeeze rollers, 30 cloths are guided by rollers 32 through an impregnation bath 81 for painting or the like, and upon leaving it are subjected to the last squeezing by squeezing rollers 33.

After this treatment, the cloth, rounding the duly mounted roll 34. fall under the cylinder 35, which presses them to the drying drum 36. From the last cloth, go to a row of drying sheep 37. 38 ... 43, 44, then rollers 45, 46 directions: from under the pressing roller 48 and, rounding the cooling of the reels 47, 49, are transferred to the winding device 51, 52,53. When passing through the drying drums 37-44, the drums are conducted under the infinite .TV tapes, which bend around the guides 54 and the felt-drying 5G1 cylinders.

The described Biiiine method and the device intended for its implementation make it possible to process endless sheets weighing from 15 to 1000 f per square meter.

PRIORITY.

1. A method of making waterproof sheets of textile materials, paper, etc., by using concentrated solutions of chloride compounds of metal-water and other metals in a continuous workflow, characterized in that cloths of textile materials or paper or the like, by treatment with solutions of salts that serve to form amyloid on them, is artificially dried, and after processing and removing excess solution, they are heated to accelerate the formation of amyloid, after which the drums are cooled, istematicheski neck elachivayut in several baths using spin after each bath, washed with pryska and dewatering, if necessary passed through an impregnating bath and dried on drums provided with endless webs to press the material to be dried to the drums.

2. Acceptance of the aforementioned B of claim 1 of the method, characterized in that the solution obtained in the first leaching bath is subjected to continuous circulation through a tube cooler and a filter press with return. nor eat it back in the bath.

H. A device for carrying out the method mentioned in Clause 1, characterized by the cumulative use of: a) a bath 4 with chemical reagents, places for forming amyloid, b) located but on both sides of the blade of knives 5 to remove excess reagent, c) squeezing shafts 6 , d) an internally heated drum 8 provided with rollers 7 for guiding and pressing the panel to the drum, for the cooling drum 9, e) baths 10, 13, 16 for leaching, equipped with squeeze rollers 12, 15, 18, g) washing baths 19, 23, 27 with rollers 20 above them,

24, 28 and perforated pipes 21, 25, 29 for spraying the cloth on both sides with water, and squeezing rollers 2, 26, 30 and h) placed after each bath, with a dryer drum system 36-54.

4. With the device mentioned in p. 3, use heating pipes, batteries, etc. arranged around the drum 8 in order to heat the external surface of the cloth with radiant heat.

5. The modification of the device indicated in clause 3, characterized by the use, instead of the heating drum 8, of any known device for heating, for example, a chamber heated by warm air, etc.

6. The form of performing a device, said in paragraphs 3, 4 and 5, with the arrangement of the part of the perforated pipes such that the water jets from them are directed onto the surface of the rollers 20, 24, 28 enveloped by a cloth.

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