SU602399A1 - Friction clutch of vehicle gearbox - Google Patents

Description

Section 2. The partition is placed in the bore 8, made in the thickened part of the piston 3 opposite the discs 4. This allows the coupling to be compact and to provide the desired ratio of forces on the chambers side nopuieHb. The chamber 5 is connected to the channel 9 liters of supplying liquid under pressure from its source into the power cylinder. Camera 6 is isolated from this channel. It communicates only with the through chamber through the orifice 10. The chambers are separated from each other by an o-ring. When the sealing ring is placed in the baffle 7, the throttle opening is made in the piston, and when installed in the piston, the opening is made the other way round in the housing. This allows, due to the complete freezing of the inner chamber, to avoid the accumulation of precipitation in it during the rotation of the body. Emptying the external chamber is carried out through an opening 1-1 from the periphery of the coupling housing.

In the inner hole of the porsche clutch on the hub of its body is placed hydroaccumulator 12, made in the form of a piston. On both sides of the hydroaccumulator 12 on the piston 3 of the coupling there are stops 13 and 14. Between the stop 14 and the hydroaccumulator 12 there is an elastic element 15 in the form of a packet of disk-shaped springs. A hub 16 for an elastic element 17 in the form of a helical spring rests on the hub of the coupling body 2 and abuts against the end of the hydroaccumulator 12 and ensures that the piston 3 of the coupling returns to its initial position when it is turned off.

On the opposite side of the coupling housing, there is a piston 18 of a hydraulic power cylinder 19 for compressing the friction disks 20 of another stage in the gearbox, in this case the first stage. In the inner bore of the piston 18 of the coupling there is a piston 21 of the hydroaccumulator of a torus, loaded with a spring 22. On both sides of the piston of the hydroaccumulator of a torus on the piston of the coupling there are stops 23 and 24 for it.

The outer chamber of the power cylinder communicates with the fluid supply channel under pressure and with the drain through the valve 25 located on the periphery of the coupling housing. This valve contains a spool 26 associated with a ring 27 that is forced to be moved by the KKO-i 28, inserted into the ring groove. To regulate the emptying of the cylinder 19 of the first stage on the spool 26 of the valve 25 is provided for juice 29.

The inclusion of a step in the gearbox of a two-chamber friction clutch is carried out as follows.

When a pressurized fluid is supplied to the chamber 5 of the power cylinder, it is quickly filled and the piston 3 moves. And the side of the discs 4. After the discs 4 are closed, the pressure in chamber 5 rises to the nominal value at which the force from the piston 3 to the discs 4 becomes sufficient for transmitting torque from the engine and even to partially or completely equalize their rotational speeds, at the same time

through the opening 10 gradually fills chamber 6. The pressure in it gradually increases due to the movement of the piston of the accumulator 12 and the compression of the elastic elements 15 and 17. This pressure acts on the piston 3 of the coupling 5 to gradually increase the moment of friction of the discs 4. At this time the end of the stroke of the piston 1 hydrodynamic 12 finally. the equalization of the angular velocities of the friction discs is completed with a relatively small minimization of their friction, which ensures a smooth flow of the friction clutch.

After the end of the stroke of the hydroaccumulator piston, the pressure in the inner chamber of the power cylinder rises to the nominal value. In this case, the force from the pori-hydro5 battery through the stop 14 is also transmitted to the coupling piston, ensuring its reliable activation.

If it is necessary to turn off the coupling, the supply of liquid under pressure to its external chamber is stopped. The camera is ripped off

 through the opening 11. The liquid from the chamber 6 through the opening 10 is first drained into the external to;.; measure, and then the opening 1 is thrown out without residue, after which it is turned. 3 under the action of the elastic element 17 oh). It comes from the friction discs that open.

Transfer in the gearbox from the first stage to the second when the car is moving occurs as follows.

The valve spool 25 of the driver m. 28 is moved to the right, together with the source of fluid, the chamber 5 of the second-stage power cylinder. In this case, the first-stage power cylinder 19 communicates with a drain. However, the pressure in it is maintained during the time of filling of the chamber 5 of the second-stage power cylinder due to the presence of a hydroaccumulator. Hydro. the accumulator maintains the necessary pressure in the power cylinder of the first stage due to throttling of the flow of the fluid flowing from the cylinder in the valve 25, on the gold of which there is juice 29.

In this case, the pressure from the piston 21 of the hydroaccumulator to the liquid spreads over the entire cylinder, pressing the CLUTCH piston 18 to the package} of the disks 20, ensuring that they transfer the torque from the engine. After the chamber of the power cylinder 5 is filled with liquid, the second pressure in it rises to its nominal value, and the force on the piston 3 and, accordingly, the disks 4 becomes sufficient to transfer

them torsional. moment from the engine. Then the channel 9 is filled with the chamber 6 of the power cylinder. At the same time, the piston 21 gidroakku.h.ul.tora of the first stage reaches the stop 23 on the piston 18 muffle:, moving it away from the friction discs, which open the first stage. After this, the inclusion of a second-degree friction clutch is completed. Thus, switching from the first stage to the second occurs smoothly without breaking the power flow in the transmission

cars.

Reverse switching from the second stage to the first, for example, when the car is moving in Fopy, is as follows. By the lead 28, the valve spool 26 of the valve 25 is relocated to the left position, in which the first stage power cylinder is in communication with the source of working fluid, and the second stage cylinder is connected to the drain. Then the pressure of the fluid in the external chamber of the second-stage power cylinder drops to an insignificant value, and in its chamber 6 a small pressure is maintained, which acts only on a part of the surface of the third sleeve. As a result, the force applied to the clutch 3 is reduced to a value at which the friction torque of the discs 4 becomes less than the torque from the engine. Then the disks 4 begin to slip, and the angular speed of the shaft 1 of the gearbox and the housing 2 of the clutch increases. At this time, a portion of the engine power is transmitted by a second-stage friction clutch to the output shaft of the gearbox and further to the maschine wheels, and the rest of the engine power is used to accelerate the shaft 1 of the gearbox to equalize the rotational speeds of the first-stage discs 20. By the time of equalizing the angular velocities of the friction discs of the first stage, the filling of the power cylinder 19 of this stage is completed and the pressure in it increases to the nominal value. At the same time, the operation of the second-stage hydroaccumulator ends. The hydroaccumulator 12 reaches the stop 13 and moves the coupling piston away from the package of friction discs, finally turning off the second stage. Thus, when moving both from the first stage to the second and from the second stage to the first stage, the flow of power to the wheels of the car is saved, which reduces the amplitude of the change in the acceleration of the car when switching gears in the gearbox and, consequently, improves its smoothness.

Claims (5)

1. A friction clutch of the vehicle's gearbox, comprising a housing with a hydraulic power cylinder communicated peripherally through a valve with a source of liquid, and friction discs, characterized in that, in order to increase the smoothness of its activation, a groove is made opposite to the friction discs in which a partition is installed separating the hydraulic power cylinder into the outer and inner chambers connected to each other through the throttle opening, 2. A clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure a gradual increase in the pressure of the fluid in the inner chamber of the power cylinder and to delay its shutdown in order to avoid rupture of the power flow when switching steps in the gearbox, in the inner chamber of the power cylinder hydroaccumulus torus 3. Coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydroaccumulator is made in the form of a piston interacting with an elastic element. 4. The coupling according to claim 3, characterized in that, in order to use the elastic element of the hydroaccumulator to return the coupling piston to the initial position, a stop is made on the body that interacts with the elastic element of the hydroaccumulator. 5. A clutch according to claim 4, characterized in that, in order to increase the gain. compressing the friction clutch ix of the discs at the end of the clutch of the clutch; on the clutch side of the clutch discs, a stop is made interacting with the piston of the hydraulic accumulator. Sources of information taken into account in the examination: 1. US Patent L 3534840. CL. 1970.