SU602205A1 - Solution-separating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of membrane technology for solution separation by the method of reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration. The apparatuses are used for water desalination, wastewater treatment, juice concentration, etc.

Apparatuses for separation of solutions by the method of reverse osmosis are known, consisting of filtering elements assembled in a package, separated from each other by intermediate elements, which are frames arranged around the perimeter of filtering elements 1, 2. The disadvantage of these devices is the peripheral output of the filtrate from the filtering elements which makes it difficult to collect and creates the possibility of contamination.

An apparatus for separating solutions by reverse osmosis, consisting of a set of alternating filtering and intermediate elements located between the lids, in the form of a ring, inside which a turbulizing device is located, and having a central collector for collecting filtrate 3, is known.

The turbulizing device in the prior art apparatus is an integral disk having protruding ridges for sealing the filter and intermediate elements. AT

The central part of the disk has a sharp-edged hole that creates a seal between the disk and the central collector. The intermediate element divides the space between two adjacent filter elements into two chambers interconnected by a large number of openings located circumferentially along the ring. The separable solution moves from one side of the intermediate element from the center to the periphery, and then, passing through the holes, moves from the periphery to the center, etc.

The filter element is made of two membranes, two paper filters and a substrate consisting of two rigid plates with slots folded together. The central opening of the filtering element is sealed with two bushings, which exclude penetration of the solution being separated into the substrate.

The disadvantages of the known apparatus are the considerable unevenness of the velocity of the solution moving along the surface due to the change in the cross section of the chamber in the direction from the periphery to the center and a small flow turbulization, especially in the peripheral zone of the filter element.

These residues cause concentration polarization, deposition of mechanical impurities on the membrane surfaces, which ultimately leads to deterioration in quality and a decrease in the filter yield {11 at.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a uniform distribution and turbulence of the solution at the top of the filter elements.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the intermediate element is provided with an inner ring, and the turbulosing device is made in the form of intersecting bridges forming cells, which are bounded in the set from the top and bottom by filter elements and communicated with each other through slots formed by R bridges to form labyrinth channel D. 1I of the passage of the solution being divided.

hhi FIG. 1 shows a predlag.myy apparatus, the cross section; in fig. 2 - intermediate element, top view; in fig. 3 - the same cross section.

The device consists of a set of alternating filtering 1 and intermediate 2 elements located between the lids 3, the filtering and intermediate elements form chambers 4.

Each intermediate element consists of a frame, which consists of an outer 5 and an inner 6 ring. The rings are fastened between themselves by jumpers 7, forming the cells 8. There are slots in I7 I1, through which the cells 8 are connected in series with each other, forming a continuous labyrinth channel (the axis of the channel is shown by a dotted line in Fig. 2).

Sealing grooves 9 are applied to the surfaces of the rings 5 and 6. The filter element 1 consists of two membranes 10 and a drainage 11 made of an elastic microporous material.

At the edge of the filter element there is an overflow hole 12, and in the center there is a hole through which the central collector 13 passes to collect the filtrate and withdraw it from the apparatus.

Along the outer edge 14, the drainage has a waterproof layer.

In form, the filtering and intermediate elements can be round, oval, square or rectangular.

The device works as follows.

The separable solution under pressure is fed into the apparatus and into the chamber 4. Inside

each chamber, the solution flows through the labyrinth channel successively through all the cells 8. The passage through the slots in the bars 7, the solution is turbulized, thereby preventing concentration polarization at the surface of the membranes. The solution flows from one chamber to another through the openings 12 in the filter elements 1. The outer 5 and inner 6 rings, which are tightly pressed against the filter elements, prevent it from flowing out. The working pressure of the solution in the chambers 4 is perceived by the outer 5 and inner 6 rings fastened together by bridges 7. Under the action of pressure, the solution is filtered through the membrane 10, enters the porous drainage 11, through which it is transported to the central hole and then discharged outwards through the collector 13.

The intermediate elements made in this way allow for an optimal hydrodynamic mode of operation of the apparatus, as well as to significantly simplify its assembly.

Claims (3)

1. The patent of England No. 1282629, cl. B1X, 1972. 1972. 2. USSR author's certificate number 471104, cl. On 01 d 13/00, 1975. 3. US patent number 3398833, cl. 210-321, 1968.