SU591511A1 - Method of automatic control of process of continuous hydrolysis of vegetable raw material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the automatic control of the technological process of continuous hydrolysis of vegetable raw materials and can be implemented on the hydrolysis apparatus of continuous action.

There is a known method for controlling the process of continuous hydrolysis of plant raw materials, which involves loading the hydrolyzate apparatus, depending on the level of the feed material 1.

There is also known a method of automatic control of the process of continuous hydrolysis of plant raw materials by controlling the amount of lignin 2 discharged.

The disadvantage of the methods is that they do not provide complete extraction of the final product - sugar - the weight unit of the raw material, since it is almost impossible to take into account such factors as chemical heterogeneity, particle size, etc. in the process calculation of process regulations.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process by ensuring the optimal speed of passing the raw material through the hydrolysis unit. The speed of the raw material through the hydrolysis apparatus must correspond to the speed of the hydrolysis process to a prescribed depth.

The essence of the invention is that simultaneously by regulating the amount of lignin discharged, the amount of rinsing water is controlled depending on the amount of sugar in the liquid at the outlet of the rinsing zone, and when the amount of sugar in the liquid rises, the amount of lignin discharged and rinsing water is reduced as well. decrease - increase.

The drawing shows the process flow diagram and the automation system (the drive control blocks are not shown in the diagram).

Claims (2)

The scheme includes a hydrolysis tank 1, in the upper part of which a device 2 is installed for loading the raw material through which the raw material - wood chips - flows in a continuous stream. The hydrolysis apparatus is equipped with a raw material level meter 3, which is connected to the device 2 for loading the raw material through its adjustable electric drive. The hydrolyzate apparatus has shtutser 4 for supplying cooking acid - a solution of sulfuric acid up to a concentration of P / o with a temperature of up to 180 ° C, and fittings 5 for the selection of a hydrolyzate from different zones of the hydrolyzate apparatus. To unload the waste material from the tank 1 of the hydrolyzator, there is a lignin unloader 6 in its lower part, an adjustable electric drive is mechanically connected with the output shaft of the unloader 6. The hydrolysis machine has a washing zone 8 located in its lower part and communicating with the unloader 6. To the zone 8, the washing is connected to a pipeline 9 for introducing hot water to the washing and a pipeline 10 for withdrawing liquid from it after washing. The system for automatically controlling the speed of passing the raw material through the tank 1 includes: a sensor 11 for flushing hot water, a sensor 12 for sugar concentration in the liquid after washing, and a sensor 13 for the rotation speed of the input shaft of the discharger 6, as well as regulator 14 for the discharger 6 and regulator A torus 15 of the ratio of the flow rate of hot water and the amount of raw material discharged. On line 9 there is a control valve 16 for controlling the flow rate of wash water. The method is carried out as follows. The concentration of sugar in the liquid withdrawn from the washing zone is taken as a parameter characterizing the depth of hydrolysis. If the concentration of sugar in the liquid withdrawn from the washing zone is below the optimum, then, therefore, all the sugar is practically removed and further hydrolysis is impractical. In this case, the output signal from the sugar concentration sensor 12 is fed to the controller 14 and is fed to the adjustable actuator 7, which increases the number of revolutions of the input shaft of the discharger 6, and therefore its performance, while the speed of the raw material passes through the capacitance I is increased. In this case, the level of raw materials in the tank 1 will decrease. The signal from the meter 3 of the raw material is fed to the regulated electric drive of the device 2 for loading the raw material, its speed will increase, and the performance of the device 2 will increase, as a result of which the level of the raw material will increase to a predetermined value. The consumption of hot water for washing the lignin is controlled by the flow sensor II and regulated by the controller 15 by means of the control valve 16. The concentration of sugar in the liquid withdrawn from the washing zone 8 will objectively determine the depth of hydrolysis and the washing condition of the lignin when the unloader 6 changes its performance only maintaining a certain ratio between the amount of hot water and the amount of waste raw material - lignin, passing through the washing zone 8. For this, one more signal from the speed sensor 13 of the input shaft of the unloader 6, characterizing the performance of the unloader 6, is inputted to the controller 15. In the controller 15, two values are compared - the signal from the flow sensor 11 and the signal from the rotation speed sensor 13. Depending on this, the regulator 15 opens the control valve 16, increasing the flow of hot water to the washing zone 8, thereby keeping the ratio “hot water to waste raw material” constant. If, however, the concentration of sugar in the liquid removed from the washing zone 8 is higher than the norm, therefore, not all sugar has been extracted and it is advisable to keep the raw materials for some time in the reaction zone. In this case, the signal from the sugar concentration sensor 12 will cause a decrease in the number of revolutions of the input shaft of the unloader 6, thereby reducing the performance of the unloader 6, and consequently, the speed of the raw material passing through the tank 1. Simultaneously with the decrease in the number of revolutions of the input shaft of the unloader 6, water flow to zone 8 washing is reduced and thus the quantitative ratio of hot water to waste material is kept constant. The level of raw materials in the tank 1 as a result of a decrease in the performance of the unloader 6 will increase, and the signal from the meter 3 of the raw material will cause a decrease in the number of revolutions of the controlled electric drive of the device 2 for loading the raw material. Its capacity will decrease, and the level of raw materials in tank 1 will decrease. If the sugar concentration in the liquid withdrawn from the washing zone 8 corresponds to the optimum value, all system parameters will remain at the same level and the speed of the raw material passing through the tank 1 will not change. Thus, the relationship between the parameters of sugar concentration in the liquid discharged from the washing zone is carried out with the speed of the raw material passing through the tank 1 of the hydrolyzate. The circuit can be made using both electric and pneumatic devices. The method of automatic control of the process of continuous hydrolysis of plant raw materials by adjusting the amount of discharged lignin, characterized in that, in order to increase the process efficiency with a puem to ensure optimal speed of raw material passing through the hydrolysis unit, simultaneously control the amount of water supplied to the outlet liquid from the washing zone, with an increase in the amount of sugar in the liquid, the amount of lignin discharged and washing water is reduced, while onuenia is increased. Sources of information taken into account in the examination of f: 1. Collector of works VNIIGS, volume 16, 967, p. 291-301. 2. Sharkov, V.I., et al. Hydrolysis Technologists, 1973, p. 71-80. Raw material T