SU58387A1 - Two-pipe sewage system of buildings - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a two-pipe sewage system for buildings, in which the main sewage pipelines (outlets) are connected by branch pipes with ventilation pipes arranged parallel to the main one.

A new distinctive feature of the proposed system is that the connecting pipes are located within each section between the level of sanitary receivers and the point of connection of the drain pipes of these receivers to the main pipeline. Such an arrangement of connecting pipes is intended to use the second pipeline not only as a ventilation pipe, but also as an emergency one, i.e., to drain waste water through it in case of the main pipeline (sewage) clogging up and to avoid pouring water into the room through receivers.

Additional connecting pipes located above each bend of the main pipeline can be used in the system, and since these places are often clogged. It is advisable to make the connecting pipes bent upwards with a convexity.

The system can be equipped with devices that signal the overflow of waste water through the connecting pipes and, thus, the clogging of the main pipeline.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed sewage system; FIG. 2 is a diagram of signaling devices; FIG. 3 is a diagram of a sewage system with branches (ventilation and emergency and ventilation pipelines are shown in dotted lines); FIG. 4 and 5 - the shaped part of vertical pipelines with a connecting pipe in the vertical and horiz) Ntalnogo projection; FIG. 6 and 7 - the shaped part of horizontal pipelines with a connecting pipe in the same projections.

Parallel to the main pipeline (sewer) 1 (Fig. I), there is a second emergency ventilation pipe 2. Below each level 4-4 are the locations of sanitary receivers and above the outlet of the discharge pipes 5 of these receivers are connecting (bypass) nozzles 5.

In addition, additional nozzles 6 are provided, located above each bend of the stand.

In the event of clogging of the main sewage / wastewater, encountering an obstacle, it rises to the nearest branch pipe and by gravity poured into the emergency and ventilating station to 2. Operation and use of sanitary appliances does not stop even during decontamination, which can be eliminated at any time; there is no need to install valves or any valves, since clogging itself is a natural valve. The network section from the collector to the place of clogging along the emergency ventilation pipe will operate as a single-pipe system under normal operating conditions, i.e. the pipeline is a waste and ventilation pipe; above the point of clogging this pipeline is already purely ventilation.

When repairing any part of the network with the replacement of fittings or parts of the pipeline, as well as in the case of additional connection of devices in a two-pipe system, the drying operation is carried out without disturbing the normal operation. At the same time, the main station for the work performed above the point of separation must be plugged with a stopper, while sewage will be poured by gravity into the emergency ventilating station through the bypass pipes 5, and the system will work under the same conditions as for clogging.

Of particular importance in the operation of sewage is the location of the site of clogging and timely elimination of it. The faster the clogging and the place of its formation will be detected, the easier it will be to eliminate it and bring the system to normal operation.

A two-pipe clogging alarm system can be implemented in the following way. As soon as a blockage has formed, the wastewater rises up to the connecting pipe 5 to the gravity flow into the emergency ventilation network. Wastewater, overflowing at the atom of the nozzle, close the alarm contact (membrane design), which is installed in the nozzle.

From each nozzle, the wire goes down to the technical floor and ends with a numerator (group panel) 7 (Fig. 2), indicating the location of the blockage along the vertical of this stand. From each group panel, a single alarm wire is sent to the central dispatch console 8, which indicates the number of the group panel (stand) where the blockage occurred. It would be possible to take the signaling wire independently to the control room (minuch group shields) from each branch pipe, but this would require a significant amount of wire, and for large vertical and horizontal distances from the control rooms to the extreme points, it is not justified to operate. In the proposed scheme for the occurrence of a signal about clogging, the dispatcher instructs the duty attendant about the number of the group shield, the approach to which the fitter learns about the place of clogging and rises to eliminate it.

With such a system, the time spent from the moment of clogging until the attendant’s arrival can be minimal. After the clogging is cleared, the opening of the contacts takes place automatically.

Despite the fact that a second pipeline is laid parallel to the main pipeline, operating during normal operation, as a vent and exhaust, and when clogged and dismantled as waste, the number of pipelines does not increase, but in some cases decreases, as there is no need in idle exhaust ducts. From each main stand of a two-pipe system, it can be branched at any place (Fig. 3) to form both two-pipe and one-pipe drains, which, above the connection of devices, are again included in the general emergency ventilation pipe. Thus, even with a complex configuration of a large building, it is possible, with the help of a two-pipe system, to centralize the ventilation-exhaust pipeline to two to four hundred cubic meters. Centralization of the entire ventilation-exhaust pipeline and installation of special filters before the discharge of waste gases. allows not only to eliminate the harmful effects on the lining of the building and the bad smell, but also creates conditions for a constant uniform gas flow in the system. If necessary, with a two-pipe system, it is possible without any difficulty to dry out in their respective places, the ventilation of the siphons of sanitary appliances of both group and individual installation.

The presence of this pipeline, connected by nozzles, eliminates the possibility of the formation of elevated pressure and vacuum, which occur in single pipe systems. When the water-air piston moves, excess air below the piston enters the emergency-ventilation pipe by-pass, from which air passes to the main one to the above-water piston through the upper branch pipe, thereby eliminating the formation of a vacuum. In this way, by means of by-passes, a constant atmospheric pressure is created in the system and the possibility of siphon breakage or the discharge of water through sanitary receivers is eliminated.

The two-pipe sewage system does not require the implementation of any complex devices and installations.

Emergency ventilation is installed from the same pipes and fittings as the main one.

The connecting overflow pipes (figs. 4-7) are one of the varieties of shaped parts of the sewer pipeline R made of the same material and the same diameters. In the upper or lower wall of the socket at the overflow boundary, a hole of 50-100 mm is left for screwing in and installing the signaling device.

The application of the proposed sewage system is intended mainly for tall buildings, especially in a stepped configuration.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A double-pipe sewage system for buildings in which the main sewage pipelines (outlets) are connected by nozzles with ventilation ducts arranged parallel to the main one, characterized in that the connecting nozzles are located within each section below the level of sanitary receivers and above the outlet receivers to the main pipeline (sewer), in order to use the ventilation pipe to drain sewage in the event of sewage clogging up and to avoid the discharge of water into the carrying across receivers. 2. In the sewage system of claim 1, the use of additional connecting pipes located above each bend of the main pipeline. 3. The form of the system according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the connecting pipes are curved upwards. 4. In the sewage system in PP. 1-3 the use of devices that signal the overflow of waste water through the connecting pipes and, thus, the main pipeline is clogged. c00 with QO irs k w n o ABOUT) teC R pq H d u-i