SU57484A1 - Mining harvester with hydraulic cuttings and coal breaker - Google Patents

Description

In the process of development of the cutting machine, initially, a vrash, ayush, iis disk was used as a cutting member. Then, to replace the circular saw, a cut-in saw machine with a vrash, ayusheys bar equipped with a cutting head, was installed.

However, the cutting-edge cutting machines with a cutting chain as a cutting body, which have recently developed into mining combines, producing both hemming, and breaking and loading of coal on the conveyor, turned out to be the most perfect. However, these machines also have a number of major fundamental flaws, the main ones of which are, firstly, that with increasing the length of the cut, the need to impart greater strength to the cutting organ entails an increase in the height of the notch gap, due to which a significant part of the cut coal is converted The quantity of which in some types of combines reaches up to 40% of the total coal production, and the presence of coal dust creates difficult working conditions and increases the risk of explosion, and secondly, changing

and charging the cutting teeth requires periodic interruptions during operation, strongly reflecting on the performance of the machine, and, third, the feed rate of the cutting machines used at present is very small, about 0.5 m per minute, the increase is due to an increase in engine power, which in turn is associated with a number of difficulties.

The repair of parts of the maschine, which are prone to deterioration, due to the penetration of the coal coal particles into the mechanism due to the permanent presence of the cutting organ in the notch gap, also has a strong effect on performance.

Therefore, it has already been proposed that the coal be crushed by a hydraulic method, the main advantage of which is that the cutting process can continue with the hydraulic method from the beginning of the lava to its end without any stops, caused by conventional machines, by the need to change the cutting machine, by clamping, clamping the bar and t. n.

In addition, the cutting process takes place without much dusting, and, finally, the waste water can be used to transport the broken coal.

The use of a thin jet of the order of several millimeters under a pressure of 100 atm, and higher, should be especially advisable. The use of such a jet, besides the above-mentioned general advantages of the hydraulic method, also has the advantage that, due to a significant reduction in the notch gap, even at high feed rates, the engine power is much lower and the machine feed rate along the bottom can be significantly increased.

Thus, cutting coal with a thin stream of water completely eliminates the drawbacks that are inherent in cutting the coal with a cutting chain or rod.

In order to implement such a method of hydraulic cutting and cutting coal using thin jets of water under high pressure, at the mining combine according to the invention, monitors for supplying water jets are mounted on one of the usual types installed on the cutting machine (DTK-2), rotatable columns and installing them at the required height and at the required angle for the production of four ironholes and cutting coal.

In this case, the coal seam is cut by two of these jets from below (near the soil) and from above (near the roof). The third stream of water, which performs rotational-oscillatory motion, cuts the formation layer is cut off from the rear sight, and the fourth stream, the axis of which, being involved in two movements, is directed along the strike direction of the formation, cuts through the profile of this profile, which ensures the cut off of the cut and cut clump from pillar.

To perform all of these operations, the column carrying the monitor for cutting the formation at the roof consists of a fixed pipe and a second pipe screwed onto it in order to

height adjustment of the monitor.

A monitor for cutting coal near the soil is mounted on a fixed column; the column carrying the monitor for cutting coal from the rear sight is made in the form of a pipe receiving rotational-oscillatory motion; and finally, the monitor for coal breaking is mounted on a rotating pipe placed on the column, the axis of which is located halfway from the soil.

In FIG. 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section of a combine; FIG. 2 shows it in the glider of FIG. 3 shows a section of one of the columns with a hole for discharging water under pressure; FIG. 4 and 5 - the location of the pipe producing the cutting of the coal from the rear sight; FIG. 6 - the configuration of the profile of the gap produced by the fourth stream; FIG. 7 - device; to communicate the pipe giving this jet, oscillatory movements;, FIG. 8 and 9 transport device.

A screw-screw screw is used to inject water into the combine. Turning on and off of the end-cutter part is caused by turning on and off the pump, which is produced in the same way as in the case of the uniquely known types of cutting machines (DTK-2), the cutter part is turned on and off. The feeding of the combine is carried out in exactly the same way as the cut-type DKT-2 type of brush with slight changes due to an increase in the speed of feeds, which can be roughly received at 2 m per minute.

The device combine is as follows.

On the motor shaft / (Fig. 1 from the side of the cutting part is mounted on the key gear 20, which with the help of gear 22 with internal gearing can be connected to gear 21 mounted on the end of the shaft of the pump 25. The pump 25 has one injection and suction port each side. Water from the pump through pipe 27 (Fig. 2)

is brought to column 28, undercut formation at roof, and to the same column, undercut layer at soil. The column cutting the coal at the roof consists of 8 (Fig. 3) screwed into the pipe 27 (Fig. 2) with its lower end. A thread is cut on the side outer surface of the pipe 81, so that the pipe 82 with an internal thread can be completely screwed onto the pipe 8 /. Such a device provides the ability to vary the distance of the upper slit from the formation soil, depending on the thickness of the formation. Pipe 28 plays the role of the case. A nozzle 4 is screwed into the upper end of the pipe 82 from the side with a hole through which water is directed to the coal. The device of the second column, due to the fact that its length does not need to be changed, is simpler, and it represents the actual upper end of the tube 82, which can be made as one piece with the tube 8 /.

To cut the coal from the rear sight, water passes through the pipe 26 (Fig. 2) from the pump to the horizontal bend pipe 31, which has a nozzle with a thin hole at its end (not shown in the drawing). If the axis of the opening of the pipe 8 / was parallel to the bottom line, then in this case it would be impossible to advance this pipe along the bottom after cutting the cut corner, since pipe 31 would be longer than the depth of the cut. In order to ensure the free passage of the pipe 31, the axis of its opening is positioned at an angle to the bottom line, as shown in FIG. 4 and 5, so that a free passage of the pipe 31 is ensured. To ensure the cutting of coal through the entire thickness of the formation, the pipe 6 performs an oscillating motion along the arc of a circle, so that the slit is cut through the strips. The width of the strip (the depth of the cut of each entry) depends on the established number of vibrations of the pipe 31 and other factors. The rotating part of the pipe 31 is mounted in bearings (Fig. 2) and enclosed in a special box 52. The rotating part of the pipe 31 is connected to its fixed part

partly by means of a connecting seal 63, the device of which is explained below. The oscillatory movement of the pipe 31 along an arc of a circle is carried out as follows. An asterisk 46 (Fig. 2) is mounted on the main shaft of the feeding mechanism, rotating with the shaft. From the sprocket 46, the rotation of the Gall chain is transmitted to the sprocket 45 mounted on the tube 44. At the other end of the tube 44, the gear 43 is hooked, which engages with the gear 42 sitting at the end of the shaft of the drum 41. The drum 41 has a cutout on its surface the finger of the two shoulders lever 39, the second arm of which is connected to the rod 47. The lever 39 is fixed on the bolt 40 (Figs. 1 and 2), around which it can be rotated. A collar 56 is mounted on the rotating part of the tube 31, which is hingedly connected to the pull 47.

Thus, when the drum 4 is rotated, the lever 39 performs oscillatory movements and thereby causes the tube 31 to rotate. Box 52 is connected to the combine with the linings 54.

A fourth stream of water is intended for breaking and destroying the trimmed lump of coal, as mentioned above. The destruction of the trimmed coal is performed as follows. From pipe 31, water (Figs. 1 and 2) is supplied via pipe 32 to column 33 installed at the rotating end of pipe 32. The distance between the axis of pipe 32 and soil is equal to half the thickness of the formation.

Pipe 32 (FIGS. 2 and 7) has a fixed and rotating part, which is connected by a sealing device bZa. A conical gear 35 is mounted on the rotating part of the pipe 52, engaging with a conical gear 56 mounted on a vertical axis. At the end of the axis of the Zubchatka Zo, a crank is mounted, the finger of which is connected to the connecting rod 37; the second end of the connecting rod 37 is connected to the two-arm lever 55. The latter can rotate around the bolt 40 and has a finger on the second end entering the second

The cutout of the drum 41. The cutout profile is such that the movement of the finger of the lever 3 in one direction is very slow, and the reverse movement is performed quickly. The numbers of teeth of the gears 55, 36 are chosen so that while the gear 36 rotates a quarter turn, the gear 35 makes a half turn.

Simultaneously with the rotation of the column 5.3 around the axis of the pipe 32, this column together with the whole machine moves along the bottom. Because of this, a column with an orifice that releases a jet of water participates in relative rotational movement and a portable-translational movement. In this connection, the trajectories of this part will constitute a certain curve. The ratio of its circumferential velocity to the feed rate along the bottom is, according to an approximate calculation, taken as 2. The slot profile cut by the water stream under consideration has the form shown in FIG. 6. The configuration of the cross-section of a block of coal between two adjacent slots cut by the fourth stream shows that after cutting the block of coal will not be in equilibrium, since the center C of its mass is shifted to the left relative to its O point of the support. During the formation of this slit, the previous boulder is removed after its collapse. Thus, the lump of coal after its cutting and cutting falls off from the rear sight and falls apart.

The device column 55 is exactly the same with the device column 28.

Switching the cutting part on and off is done, as mentioned above, by turning the pump on and off. The gear 20 (fig. 1, 2) of the motor shaft /, as already mentioned, is connected to the pump gear 21 by the gear coupling 22. By moving the coupling 22 by means of a fork and a rod 23, to which the handle 24 is connected, to the right or to the left the pump is turned on or off.

In order to be able to control the pressure, which may need to change,

Depending on the mechanical properties of the coal, a safety-regulating spring valve 30 is provided, which is placed between the suction 49 and the discharge pipe 26 of the pump. When the pressure rises above the design valve, it opens, and a portion of the water directly flows from the discharge pipe to the suction pipe. By varying the compressive force of the spring, you can adjust the water pressure.

The axis distance of the opening of the column 55 from the soil and the center distance of the opening of the column 28 from the soil is determined by the thickness of the formation. By changing the indicated distances, it is possible to work with a combine at different reservoir powers. The change in the axis distance of the opening of the column 28 is accomplished by screwing in or unscrewing the tube 82 (Fig. 3). The change in the position of the axis of the opening of the column 55 is as follows. The bearings 34 of the pipe 52 (Fig. 7) are mounted on beds with cylindrical rods c having a thread on the side surface. In the appropriate places on the bed of the machine the same rods are fixed d. The rods-c and d are screwed into the tubes e, which have a right-hand side in one half and a left-hand thread in the other. By rotating the tube e, you can raise or lower the tube 32. The connection of the tube 32 with the tube 31 is completely analogous (Fig. 7). It has a tubular shank for lifting the serration 36. A shank g connected to the shank / longitudinal key is inserted into the tubular opening of the shank. The rod g at the lower end has a crank with a finger 57a articulated with a connecting rod 57. The shank / is fitted with a tube k with a thread on the outer surface. The pipe support column i, reinforced on the bed of the machine, has a thread on the outer surface. The pipe k has a right-hand thread in one half and a left-hand thread in the other. Rotation of the pipe k changes the distance of the axis of the pipe 32 and, consequently, the water outlet in the column 55 from the soil.

The feeding mechanism of the combine is completely analogous to that of the cutting machine. The changes are to exclude certain programs. Gear 2 of the engine (Figs. 1 and 2) interlocks with gear 3. The latter, through gear 4, transmits rotation of the internal gear 5, with which gear 6 rotates freely on the motor shaft and is keyed to gear 5. gear 6, the rotation is transmitted through gears 7 and 5 of the gear teeth 9 with internal gearing, simultaneously with which the disk 11 rotates, which sits on the shank of gear 12 and is connected with it by a key. The gear 12 transmits rotation through gears 13 and 14 of the gear teeth 15 with internal gearing, from which the sprocket 46 rotates, which sits freely on the shaft. The gear 15 sits loosely on the core 16 sitting on the key on the key. During the working stroke, the friction discs of the core are compressed, due to which the core rotates together with the gear 15, rotating the shaft, which has not been rotated before this time. A conical gear 17 is mounted on the end of the shaft of the feeding mechanism, engaging with a large gear 18, rotating the shaft and the drum 19.

When idling, the friction discs of the core 16 are decompressed, and the friction discs of the core 10 are compressed. The core 10 sits on a key on the shaft of the feed mechanism and the shaft receives rotation immediately from the core 10, and further through the gears 17 and 18 rotates the drum. The activation of the feed mechanism on the working and idling is performed by the handle 60 perfectly as in the DTK-2 ironmaking machine.

A device in the form of a mesh conveyor (Fig. 1, 2, 8, 9) is provided for loading coal into a conveyor. The net conveyor belt 64 is driven by leading sprockets 65, Sprockets 65 receive rotation from pump shaft 25 as follows. The upper shaft 85 of the pump 25 is passed through the last cover and carries at its end

on the key there is a gear 66, which engages with the gear 67, which sits on the key on the hub 68; the latter sits on the shaft freely. Gear 68 coupled with gear 69, mounted on gear 70. Gear 70 sits on the shaft freely and transmits the rotation of the gear 71 and shaft 72, Shaft 72 is connected to the drive shaft 73 of the conveyor by a flange coupling 74 with fingers. A shaft 75 with teeth 76 (Fig. 8) is mounted in the box 52 to provide the charging of coal to the conveyor. Shaft 75 receives rotation from shaft 72 through a bevel gear 77.

FIG. 1 and 2 show a harvester for working in the right bottom. When the combine is moved to the left bottom, the corresponding parts are transferred, such as pipes 31, boxes 52, and so on, from one side to the other, and a number of parts, such as pipes 16, 27, pipe 49, etc. swap places and the whole conveyor rotates 180.

To do this, all parts are made convenient.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A mountain harvester with a hydraulic cut and coal blasting using thin water jets under high pressure, characterized in that the monitors for supplying water jets are mounted on DTC-2 type mounted on a cutting machine, the columns can be rotated and installed at the required height and at the required angle for the production of four cut-in slits and the breaking of coal. 2. The form of the combine according to claim 1, characterized in that the column 28 carrying the monitor for cutting the formation at the roof is made of a fixed pipe 81 and a pipe 82 screwed on it in order to adjust the height of the monitor position (Fig. 3) . 3. The form of the combine according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the column carrying the monitor for cutting coal from the rear sight is made in the form of a pipe S1 receiving rotational oscillation motion (Figs. 1 and 2). . 4. The form of the combine according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the monitor for coal firing is mounted on a rotating tube 32 placed on the 3S column (Fig. 7), the axis which is located from the soil at a distance of half the thickness of the reservoir. 5. The form of the combine according to paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the monitor for cutting coal from the soil is mounted on a column that is not adjustable in height. -f oo t about about m about; but OZ ; mn o H f n o teC M o one oh and with RC about n m OZ to the author's certificate of P. G. Vaschenko No. 57484