SU537673A1 - Cardiograph - Google Patents

Description

(54) CARDIOGRAPHY

one

This invention relates to clinical cardiology for the diagnosis of heart diseases, in particular the localization and extent of atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries.

Ultrasonic pulse and Doppler cardiographs are widely used in the diagnosis of cardiac pathology. Pulse circuits determine all structural differences in the tissues of an organ by depth, however, determining the speed of movement of parts of the heart is associated with great difficulties in interpreting the data and statistically little reliably due to overlays and interference from heartbeats acting on the reflected ultrasound. signals.

Instruments on the Doppler effect have been well recommended in the diagnosis of valve lesions, where it is important to determine the dynamics of the speed of the moving parts of the valves and the mycardium, but they are used to a limited extent in determining the location of the pathology, the size and distance in the study of the heart.

The known devices for localization of thrombus formation in the heart require the use of a coronary angiography method, which was a dangerous and rather complicated procedure.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the risk of localizing thrombus formation in the heart by sharing it as a pulse; method of location, and continuous, based on the Doppler effect. In this case, the measurement of all parameters is performed in the selected phase of the cardiac cycle without interference and lining.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the proposed cardiograph contains a card and an synchronizer, a Doppler ultrasound locator, the output of which is connected to the recording unit, a pulse locator, the input of which is connected to the radiator of the Doppler ultrasonic locator, a high-frequency generator, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of both locators, the display unit, the input of which is connected to the transmitter and the receiver

locator, with the outputs of the cardiosynchronous atopa connected to the corresponding display unit, the pulse locator, and the registration unit for synchronization. days of their work with a heart rhythm.

FIG. 1 shows the block diagram of the Proposed Cardiograph; in fig. 2 -i voltage shading and diagram of the ka display screen.

The circuit includes ECG electrodes 1, ECG amplifiers-2, cardiosynchronizer 3, Node 4 adjustable electronic auxiliary | 5 vertical p 5 scans, mountain generation 6 distance marks 2 mm and multiples of i cm, ultra-acoustic emitter 7, filter plug 8 on 2.5 MHz, limiter 9 level, amplifier 10 ultrasonic signals, band-pass filter 11 per 10 MTti, pulse detector 12 ultra sound signals, dual-beam indicator 13 with afterglow (CRT), exciting circuit 14 per 10 mhd, amplifier 15 probe pulses, pulse modulator 16,: generator 17 pr m coal pulse excitation generator

18 horizontal sweep generator

19 time marks 25 m / s, filter plug 20 at 10 MHz, level limiter 21 amplifier 22 Doppler signals, phase demodulator 23, exciting circuit 24 at 2.5 MHz, amplifier 25, narrowband filter 26 at 2.5 MHz ( first harmonic), high-frequency generator 27, narrow-band filter 28 at 10 MHz (fourth harmonic), filters 29-31, and registration unit 32.

Electrodes 1 are connected to an amplifier 2 connected to a cardiac synchronizer 3, built according to a starting circuit, and to the axis Y of the CRT beam and one of the channels of the recorder 32. The cardiac controller 3 is connected to the node 4 of an adjustable time delay that provides a time lag within 5 -800 m / s, and with a saw-tooth generator 18; the horizontal sweep voltage, which is associated with the X axis of the CRT 13 and the 19 time stamp generator at 25 m / s, the output of this generator is connected to the Y axis of the CRT 13. A delay node 4 is connected to the 17 square excitation pulse generator and a vertical sweep generator 5 connected to the Y axis of the second beam and to the generator at distance marks following 2 mm (1.29 m / s) and 1 cm (6.45 µm / s). Ge-go nohragyur 6 is identical with the axis X of the second meadow. The generator 17 is connected to a pulse modulator 16 connected to the amplifier 15 probe pulses, which is loaded onto the excitation circuit 14 on. 10 MHz Pulse modulator 16 through; a narrow-band filter 28, imposing 6 fourth harmonic 10 MHz, is associated with

generator; 27 at 2.5 MHz, which is: a narrowband filter 26 at a frequency of 2.5 mgd is connected to a phase demodulator 23, and an amplifier 25, loaded with Ya excitation circuit 24, to a 2.5 MHz circuit. The piezocrystal of the ultrasonic emitter 7 is connected via KO-J axial cable to the wake-up-1 circuits 14 and 24, as well as

5 filter plug 8 at a frequency of 2.5 mg / d and filter plug 20 at a frequency of 10 MHz and level limiters 9 and 21 with signal amplifiers 10 and 22. The reflected signal amplifier 10 is loaded onto bandpass | filter 11 at 10 MHz associated with the detector 12 of the reflected signals, which is connected to the axis X. ELT 13 (second beam). The filter plug at .10 mgp through the signal limiter 21, built on two stabilizing diodes, is connected to the Doppler amplifier signal 22, the output of the amplifier is loaded on the phase demodulator 23 associated with active filters 29, 30 and 31 frequency components of the accelerator; nor moving parts of the heart. The outputs of the filters are connected to the channels of the registration unit 32.

The device works as follows.

ECG signals 33, detected by electrodes 1 and amplified by amplifier 2, are recorded on one of the recorder channels.

0 32, as well as observed on a CRT 13 screen along with time stamps 37. ECG signals are converted by cardiac sync 1 mayor 3 into sync pulses 34, triggering a horizontal scan 35. Generator g

5 | The horizontal scan torus selects a blanking pulse 36, which illuminates the image at the moment of the forward path of the beam and triggers the time stamp generator. The horizontal sweep generator 18 is in standby mode. The sync pulse 34 starts node 4, which determines the necessary phase of the investigation in diorhythm 38. A delayed pulse triggers the vertical sweep generator 5,

5 selects a single sawtooth pulse 39, which is thrown onto the vertical deflector plates of the CRT 13, this same generator produces a pulse 41 used to illuminate the beam and start the generator

0 6 distance marks, highlighted tags

42 are fed to horizontal deflector plates | CRT. A sync pulse 34 triggers a rectangular imllus generator 17, which extracts a signal 40 to modulate a probe pulse 43, amplified by an amplifier 15. the frequency that is generated by generator 27 passes through filter 26, amplifies and flows from circuit 24 to converter 7. Thus, the piezo: crystal radiator 7 simultaneously emits ultrasonic vibrations two frequencies: continuously 2.5 MHz and pulse 43, filled with a frequency of 10 MHz. The pulse radiation intensity 43 is about 5 times the emission frequency of 2.5 MHz, in sum not exceeding 150 mW per square centimeter. Reflected signals 45, corresponding to a Doppler shift at a frequency of 2.5 MHz, are fed through a filter plug 20, tuned to 10 MHz, to a diode level limiter 21, limiting and protecting the input of amplifier 22 from: high amplitude probe pulse 43 and 44. From the moving elements of the heart, the signals 45 are converted by the phase demodulator 23 into a voltage proportional to the speed of movement, this curve 47 enters through the filters 29, 30, 31 tuned to different degrees of acceleration, and a register is registered on the channels Ator 32. Reflected from sections of media structural elements of the chest and heart, and v pulse signals 45 through filter plug 8 at 2.5 MHz and level 9 limiter arrive at amplifier 10 with band-pass filter 11 at 10 MHz and are detected by a pulse detector 12. The detected signals 46, corresponding to the depth and localization of the tissue structures and possible pathological formations, are displayed on the vertical scan line of the indicator with a long afterglow. The countdown is made by tags 42

The determination of the accelerations of the movement of the heart elements, such as valve closure, is no different from the known methods of echocardiography.

Determination of the localization of sclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries is carried out as follows. When examining the anterior descending artery, the sensor is installed on the possible {projected projection of this artery on the chest, the tilt angle is changed, and, moving the sensor, the reflected signals are observed on the indicator screen. Before that (the delay sets the probe pulse to the maximum approximation of the same heart to the inner surface of the chest, which occurs in the late phase of diastole. The right coronary artery is examined by a special sensor in the esophagus. Possible thrombosis or violation of vessel passage is determined by the specific form of the reflected signals, as well as by the shape of the curve on the tape of the recorder, corresponding to the slowdown

blood flow in the vessel.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A cardiograph containing a cardiosynchronizer, a Doppler ultrasound locator, whose output is associated with a recording unit, characterized in that, in order to reduce the risk of localizing thrombus formation in the heart,; the device contains a pulsed locator,: Its input is connected to a Doppler emitter locator, a high frequency generator, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of both locators, a display unit, for example, an electron; a ray tube whose input is connected; to the output of a pulse locator, Rich; karshyusinhronizatora outputs are connected to inputs sootvetstvuyuishmi Ind unit: katsni ikgaulsnogo locator and registration unit for sinhronizashsh their operation with the heart rhythm.