SU531921A1 - Hydraulic hammer - Google Patents

Description

1.5-2 times). The area of the valve 5 in the place of its protrusion 38 is more flat, put it in the back.

In the drawings, the details of the hydraulic hammer are shown in the initial position. The valve 5 is pressed against the lid 1, as a result of which the exhaust channels 2 and 3 are closed, and the openings 7 of the valve 5 are opposite to the annular groove 12. The discharge fluid enters the machine through the pipe 30, the axial cavity of the rod 29, passes into the chamber 22 acts on the piston hammer 17 on the right side (according to the drawing). Simultaneously, the pressure fluid through the pipe 31, the hose 36, the pipe And, the annular groove 12, the hole 7 enters the piston piston bore 17 and removes the hammer piston back (to the right in the drawing), since the areas of its flowed over pressure water are unequal: area the lower (left) end is larger than the area of the upper (right) end or otherwise of the bottom of the axial chamber 22. When it moves backward, the hammer 17 overcomes the compressed air in the cavity 35 and partially compresses it, and also after closing it with a cuff 27 and a protrusion 19 of the holes 10 compresses the air in the annular cavity 34 and, through the cuff 28, forces it into the cavity 35, replenishing it with compressed air, which gradually leaks out through the leaks. If the pressure of the compressed air in the annular cavity 34 is greater than in the cavity 35, then through the cuff 28 rotated by sealing edges in the opposite direction from the cavity 34, it penetrates into the cavity 35. If the air pressure in the annular cavity 34 is equal to or less than in the cavity 35, the air from the cavity 34 does not penetrate into the cavity 35, but instead gives the energy of the hammer 17 spent on its compression during its direct course simultaneously with the energy of compressed air applied to it from the cavity 35. Excess air from the cavity 35 through dropping The exhaust valve 14 is released to the atmosphere.

Having traveled a predetermined distance back, the piston-hammer 17 touches with its annular protrusion 18 for the internal eccentric annular protrusion 6 of valve 5 and tears valve 5 from the cover 1, opening the exhaust channels 2 and 3. After this, valve 5 moves back independently, since the areas of its two front protrusions 37 and 38 and the rear end, streamlined by pressurized water, the area of the front (left) protrusions 37 and 38 are larger than the area of the rear (right) end by the amount of non-compensated pressure area communicating through the holes 4 with the annular space. At the beginning of the return stroke of the valve 5 after its separation from the front cover 1, the fluid pressure on the end of the front protrusion 38 of the valve 5 remains high until it leaves the cavity of the annular protrusion 39 of the front cover 1, and by the time it leaves the specified cavity of the protrusion 39 of the opening 7 the valve 5 is displaced relative to the groove 12 and turn out to be closed, which is required for a normal working mechanism. The movement of the valve 5 back at this moment also contributes to the velocity head of the liquid ejected from the annular gap 40 and acting on the annular protrusion 37 of the valve 5. This eliminates the equilibrium position of the valve 5 at any value of the cross section of the exhaust pipes 3, as well as at the maximum pressure of compressed air in the receiver cavity 35 of cylinder 9, which contributes to the improvement of the efficiency and the case of hydraulic hammer in operation.

After closing the openings 7 of the valve 5, the hammer-hammer 17 stops, and the liquid column over the hammer and in the hoses also stops; hydraulic shock occurs. 17 hammer piston under

the action of water hammer and excess pressure of the liquid on the bottom of the chamber 22, and also under the action of compressed air from the cavity 35 to the rear (right) end of it rushes forward (to the left according to the drawing), displaces water from

podpnevnevoy cavity through the exhaust pipe 3 and the attached hose back to the pump tank. In this case, the hammer piston 17 meets moving towards it under the pressure of the exhaust fluid.

the valve 5, carries it along with itself, strikes the object with its front (left) end (collapsing shoulder, driving in a pile, etc.) and presses valve 5 to the cover 1. As a result, the displacement stops

fluids through the nozzle 3 from the iodoporschevoy cavity of the piston-hammer 17 and a hydraulic shock occurs in the pressure hoses that are transmitted to the sub-piston cavity, since the openings 7 of valve 5 coincide in this

torque with a groove 12. The pressure of the hydraulic shock and the overpressure of the liquid. The piston-hammer 17 is retracted and the process is repeated. When breaking down rocks (rock or ore), piles, etc., the hydraulic hammer is placed vertically on a rope, one end fixed in hole 33, and the other on the mast of a lifting mechanism (crane, etc.).

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Hydraulic hammer, comprising a housing, a piston-hammer with an axial chamber, in which a hollow rod reinforced in the housing, a differential ring valve with through holes, and a front cover, which interact with its front face with the front end of the valve, are coaxially arranged, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and operational reliability of the mechanism, the end of the front cover is provided with an annular shoulder, the inner diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter front end of the valve.