SU524959A1 - Swirl tube - Google Patents

Description

(54) VORTEX PIPE

The invention relates to the field of heat energy, in particular to vortex tubes, which can be used to supply steam to the end; seals, heating of the flanges and studs of powerful steam; turbo during stopping and starting blocks from different temperature states. Vortex tubes are known that contain a vortex chamber, a diaphragm and nozzles adjacent to the chamber for hot and cold flows, the hot end having a certain length. After the energy separation of the steam, the cold stream of steam through the pipeline enters the low-temperature collector of the turbine seals, and the hot steam through the corresponding pipeline goes to the high-temperature collector. At a constant flow of steam through a vortex nozzle. The temperature of the hot steam is controlled by changing the degree of opening of the throttle valves installed on the hot and cold pipelines. The disadvantage of these pipes is the supply of all consumers with hot steam, which is at the same time equal to each temperature, each of them requires steam of different temperatures. When starting after short periods of time, the hottest cylinder seals must be supplied with the most hot steam, the lower temperature cylinder front seals with a lower temperature, and the lower temperature seals with the lower rear cylinder seals. To heat the flanges and the studs of the high-pressure cylinders and high-pressure cylinders, steam of different temperatures is also required. Depending on the temperature state of the turbine, perbd stopping, duration of simple and other reasons, the temperature of the steam for each of the specified amplifiers may be different. Thus, the known vortex tubes can supply one stream of hot steam at a variable temperature, at that time, as it is required to simultaneously feed some streams of hot pard and each with a temperature varying in absolute value. Vortex tubes are also known, having on the lateral surface of the hot end a series of holes formed by parallel plates and sucking the wall layers of the hot flow to increase the thermodynamic efficiency of the tube. However, such pipes are not suitable for vapor separation (they operate on a homogeneous gas) and do not provide a hot flow to the consumer, since the holes (channels) are located at a small distance from one another. In order to provide the consumer with a flow of temperature-differentiated, in the proposed pipe, the holes on the surface of the hot end are placed one from the other at a distance greater than the diameter of the pipe, and outlet pipes with a choke armature are connected to them. The drawing shows the described vortex tube. The tube contains a vortex chamber 2 with a diaphragm 3 connected to an external steam source 20, an axial nozzle 4 of a hot stream adjacent to the chamber (hot end) and a axial nozzle 5 of a cold flow (cold end). After energy 25

The separation by pipeline 6 is supplied with cold steam to the collector 7 of low-temperature seals, and from pipe 4 through pipeline 8 is an adjustable amount of hot steam with a maximum design temperature. The cold steam from the collector 7 is supplied to the respective consumers: the end of the cylinder seal 9 of the low pressure (LPC) - and the rear seal of the DSCD 10. A hot stream with the maximum temperature goes to the forward seal of the DSCD 10,

To supply steam, which has a lower temperature, end seals TsVD-11 or from the collector 12 for heating the studs and flanges between the external source of steam 1 in the vortex chamber 2 and the main pipe 8 along the length of the axial nozzle 4 of the hot flow are additional outlets 13-15 hot couple The number of these taps and their distance from the nozzle entry is chosen in accordance with the number of simultaneous 15

thereby increasing the maneuverability and reliability of steam turbines.

The proposed vortex tube can also be used in cases where the supply of several

(more than two) consumers with steam or gas having different regulated temperatures with one source of steam or gas.

35

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The vortex tube is preferably for steam to end steam seals. turbines, having on the side surface of the hot end a number of apertures, so that, in order to ensure the supply to the consumer of a hot stream, differentiated by temperature, the holes placed one from another at a distance greater than the diameter of the pipe, and discharge pipes with throttle valves are connected to them. riders of hot steam and the required design temperature. Nozzles discharging steam with a higher temperature are located farther from the nozzle inlet. All pipelines and branches have Drossedt. And 16-23 (throttle valves). When the turbine operates at low loads or when starting from a hot state after energy separation in the vortex tube, pipeline 8 and outlets 13-15 are supplied to the corresponding consumers with hot steam with different temperatures, and depending on the specific conditions, the temperature of the hot steam can be modified using control valves installed on these bends. The cold vapor tray of the vortex tube through the pipeline 6 enters low-temperature consumers. The correspondence between the temperature of the metal of the parts of the steam turbine and the steam supplied to them prevents the occurrence of significant thermal stresses, relative reductions of rotors and