SU52047A1 - Apparatus for carrying out endothermic reactions in the vapor and gas phases - Google Patents

Description

The apparatus proposed by the author of the present invention is a modification of the generator described in the author's certificate No. 45709 issued to the same author. The generator is designed to carry out endothermic reactions in the vapor and gas phase with a duty cycle of several operations, which, in the author's opinion, eliminate the drawbacks of periodically operating devices.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the generator; FIG. 2- cross section along / - /; FIG. 3- section II-P; FIG. 4-section along /// - / i.

The generator is a vertical cylindrical shaft divided by refractory walls into some even number of sectors, in this case (Fig. 2) into four vertical sectors.

These sectors, like the cowper blast furnaces, are filled inside with a refractory nozzle designed to accumulate the heat required for the process.

The upper sectors are interconnected at the very top of the apparatus in pairs, but so that each pair does not communicate at all with the other pair, for which the one shown in FIG. 1 second set.

In each pair of sectors, in one sector there is a movement of products up, in another - down. In the compartments of the lower part all substances are supplied that must be periodically supplied to the generator, i.e. the raw materials to be pyrolyzed, fuel, air and steam or neutral gas dp purge.

Under the sector, where all gases and vapors move downwards, there are compartments that lead to the outside of the reaction products, combustion and purging. The compartments diverting the products of the pyrolysis reaction are connected with condensation and refrigeration devices, the compartments diverting the products of combustion with regenerative and evaporating systems for evaporating the raw materials going to the process, and finally the compartment diverting the products of purging are connected.

with an exhaust pipe leading to the atmosphere.

All compartments of the lower part are located in concentric circles radially at some distances from each other.

The upper sectors and compartments are separated by means of a switchgear, which is an essential part of the system and, depending on the design, is either just a distribution plate or a rotating bowl, like ash cups of gas generators for solid fuels.

This device has a number of radial cuts (Fig. 3), the number of which is equal to the number of sectors of the upper part of the generator.

By means of a drive through a reducer from a closed type electric motor, the switchgear is driven into slow rotation, again like the ash bowl of a gas generator for solid fuels.

The slits of the device are located in such a way that when one slit informs one of the drive sectors with a compartment supplying raw materials, another mine connected to the first one connects: a compartment diverting the reaction products to the condensation system.

Thus, the raw material through the slot enters the heated plate, rises along it to the top of the apparatus, crosses over the partition, descends through another shaft and goes out through the corresponding compartment into the condensation apparatus.

A similar picture takes place in the processes of purging and burning.

With a slow rotation of the switchgear cuts it.

gradually opening the corresponding compartments, successively changing the operations of the working cycle in the mines so that while the two series-connected sectors heat up, the other two pyrolyze the raw materials, and the roles of both pairs of sectors change all the time. Thus, despite the fact that the individual mines of the apparatus operate periodically, the generator itself as a whole operates continuously.

In the case when the duration of the work cycle operations is not the same, as is usually the case in practice, the sizes of small compartments are chosen proportional to the duration of the operation they serve: the shorter the latter, the smaller the corresponding compartment and vice versa.

By adding different shapes to the slots of the switchgear or compartments, you can automatically execute any kind of graphs of each operation of the cycle „attenuation, increase, etc.

The described generator differs from the one given in the main author's certificate No. 45709 by the fact that in it the sectors of the lower part of the shaft are replaced by windows / -72 (Fig. 4).

The subject matter of the invention.

Modification of the apparatus for carrying out endothermic reactions in the vapor and gas phases, described in the author's certificate No. 45709, characterized in that the sectors for supplying media in the lower part of the mine are replaced by concentric circles windows / -12, which are only a part of the replaced sector .

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