SU519469A2

SU519469A2 - Microbial growth apparatus

Info

Publication number: SU519469A2
Application number: SU1996839A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Петр Григорьевич Псалом
Priority date: 1974-02-14
Filing date: 1974-02-14
Publication date: 1976-06-30

Description

Изобретение относитс к области микробиологии .This invention relates to the field of microbiology.

Известен аппарат дл выращивани микроорганизмов по основному авт. св. N° 494407, содержащий сообщающиес в верхней и нижней част х колонны дл создани восход щего и нисход щего потока газожидкО|Стной смеси с системой дл ввода питательной среды , воздуха и отвода готового продукта и отработанных газов.A known apparatus for growing microorganisms according to the main author. St. N ° 494407, containing communicating in the upper and lower parts of the column to create an upward and downward flow of gas-liquid | St mixture with a system for entering the nutrient medium, air and venting the finished product and exhaust gases.

С целью предотвращени инфицировани процесса предлагаемый аппарат снабжен цилиндрическими обечайками, расположенными в центре каждой секции (кроме секции дозревани ) колонны нисход щего потока газожидкостной эмульсии, кольцевыми коллекторами , укрепленными в верхней части каждой обечайки и имеющими отверсти , расположенные на их наружной поверхности, а патрубок дл отвода газов - на крышке над верхней обечайкой, при этом верхние кромки обечаек расположены над эжекторами .In order to prevent infection of the process, the apparatus proposed is equipped with cylindrical shells located in the center of each section (except the maturing section) of the downstream gas-liquid emulsion column, ring headers fixed in the upper part of each shell and having openings located on their outer surface, and removal of gases - on the lid above the upper shell, while the upper edges of the shells are located above the ejectors.

Диаметр обечаек, установленных в нижележащих секци х, меньше диаметра обечаек , расположенных в вышележащих секци х.The diameter of the shells installed in the underlying sections is smaller than the diameter of the shells located in the overlying sections.

Кроме того, верхние участки нижерасположенных обечаек установлены в нижних участках вышерасположенных с образованием кольцевого зазора между ними.In addition, the upper portions of the underlying shells are installed in the lower portions of the upstream with the formation of an annular gap between them.

На фиг. 1 схематически изображен аппарат дл выращивани микроорганизмов, общий вид и разрезы по А-А и по Б-Б; на фиг. 2 - эжектор дл насыщени жидкости газом; на фиг. 3 - конический отражатель с лопаст ми.FIG. Figure 1 shows schematically an apparatus for growing microorganisms, a general view and sections along A-A and B-B; in fig. 2 - ejector for saturating the liquid with gas; in fig. 3 - conical reflector with blades.

Аппарат состоит из колонн 1 и 2 восход щего и нисход щего потоков газожидкостной эмульсии, сообщающихс между собойThe apparatus consists of columns 1 and 2 of the ascending and descending streams of gas-liquid emulsion, communicating with each other.

В верхней части переливной трубой 3, а в нижней - трубой 4 с автоматически закрывающейс задвижкой 5.In the upper part of the overflow pipe 3, and in the lower part - a pipe 4 with an automatically closing valve 5.

Колонна 2 нисход щего потока газожидкостной эмильсии разделена на секции 6, вColumn 2 of the downward flow of gas-liquid emulsion is divided into sections 6, in

центре каждой из которых (кроме секции дозревани ) расположены цилиндрические обечайки 7.The center of each of which (except for the ripening section) has cylindrical shells 7.

В верхней части каждой обечайки укреплены кольцевые коллекторы 8, имеющие отверсти , расположенные на их наружной поверхности (не показаны).In the upper part of each shell, annular manifolds 8 are reinforced, having openings located on their outer surface (not shown).

На крышке колонны 2 над верхней обечайкой 7 установлен патрубок 9 дл отвода отработанных газов.On the lid of the column 2 above the upper shell 7 is installed a pipe 9 for removal of exhaust gases.

Верхние кромки обечаек расположены над эжекторами, включающими цилиндроконический диффузор 10, коническое сопло И, нижний конец которого снабжен направл ющими 12, расположенными на спирали, дл закручивани воздушной струи, и промежуточныеThe upper edges of the shells are located above the ejectors, which include a cylindrical cone 10, a conical nozzle I, the lower end of which is provided with guides 12 arranged on a spiral for twisting the air jet, and intermediate

трубные решетки 13, установленные с образованием верхней воздушной камеры В и нижней тенлообменной камеры Г.tube grids 13 installed to form the upper air chamber B and the lower tenlo exchange chamber G.

Под каждым эжектором много русно расноложены на горизонтальных балках 14 конические отражатели 15, которые снабжены лопаст ми 16, например, эвольвентного профил дл закручивани отражаемой струи газожидкостной эмульсии.Under each ejector, many sealed ones are laid on horizontal beams 14, conical reflectors 15, which are provided with blades 16, for example, an involute profile for twisting the reflected jet of a gas-liquid emulsion.

В нижней части колонны 2 с нисход щим потоком имеетс секци 17 дозревани Л1икроорганизмов , котора переливной трубой 18 с заслонкой 19 сообщена с нижней частью колонны 1 с восход щим потоком газожидкостной эмульсии.In the lower part of the downstream column 2, there is a section 17 for maturation of L1 microorganisms, which by means of an overflow pipe 18 with a valve 19 is connected with the lower part of the column 1 with an upward flow of a gas-liquid emulsion.

Диаметр обечаек 7, установленных в нижележащих секци х 6 колонны 2, меньще диаметра обечаек, расположенных в выщележащих секци х.The diameter of the shells 7 installed in the underlying sections 6 of the column 2 is smaller than the diameter of the shells located in the leaching sections.

При этом верхние участки нижера сположенных обечаек 7 установлены в нижних участках вышерасположенных с образованием между ними кольцевого зазора (не показан ).In this case, the upper parts of the lower side of the lying shells 7 are installed in the lower parts of the upper sections with the formation of an annular gap between them (not shown).

Горизонтальными перегородками 20 колонна 1 разделена на секции 21 и снабжена расположенными в каждой из них патрубками 22 дл выхода отработанных газов, дополненными вертикальными отражател ми 23 и патрубками 24 дл ввода посевной культуры микроорганизмов, а в период заполнени аппарата также питательной среды и реагентарегул тора рП, с подачей их, например, во вторую снизу секцию 21.Horizontal partitions 20 column 1 is divided into sections 21 and provided with nozzles 22 located in each of them to release the exhaust gases, supplemented with vertical reflectors 23 and nozzles 24 to enter the seed culture of microorganisms, and in the period of filling the apparatus also the nutrient medium and reagent regulator RP, with their submission, for example, in the second bottom section 21.

Аэрирующие устройства выполнены в виде эрлифтных и гидродинамических труб 25 и 26, нижние участки которых св заны с аэраторами 27, которые выполнены в виде эжекторов , а их ось параллельна оси труб.Aerating devices are made in the form of air-lift and hydrodynamic pipes 25 and 26, the lower parts of which are connected with aerators 27, which are made in the form of ejectors, and their axis is parallel to the axis of pipes.

Над выходными участками труб 26 самой верхней секции 21 имеютс конические отражатели 28, которые могут быть установлены и над трубами 26 в нижерасположенных секци х 21.Above the exit sections of the pipes 26 of the uppermost section 21 there are conical reflectors 28, which can also be installed above the pipes 26 in the downstream sections 21.

Кажда секци 21 колонны 1 соединена патрубками 29 с вертикальной трубой 30, сообщенной внизу с верхней частью секции 17 дозревани продукта колонны 2 с нисход щим потоком.Each section 21 of the column 1 is connected by nozzles 29 with a vertical pipe 30, which is provided at the bottom with the upper part of the section 17 of the maturation of the product of the column 2 with a downward flow.

Колонна 2 с нисход щим потоком газожидкостной эмульсии и труба 30 в верхней части снабжены распылител ми 31, подключенными к системам подачи пеногас щей эмульсии и воды дл мойки аппарата. Аппарат работает следующим образом. Во вторую секцию 21 колонны 1 с восход щим потоком через патрубок 24 вводитс культуральна жидкость с посевной культурой микроорганизмов, выращенных в аппарате малой емкости. Одновременно включаютс система дл ввода питательной среды и реагента-регул тора рН, подаваемых в эту секцию через патрубки 24, и система подвода воздуха, нагнетаемого от турбовоздуходувки (не показана) в аэраторы 27 эрлифтных 25 и сообщенных с ними гидродинамических 26 труб.The downstream column 2 of the gas-liquid emulsion and the tube 30 in the upper part are provided with sprays 31 connected to the systems for the defoaming emulsion and water for washing the apparatus. The device works as follows. The second section 21 of the column 1 with upward flow through the nozzle 24 introduces a culture fluid with a seed culture of microorganisms grown in a small capacity apparatus. At the same time, the system for feeding the nutrient medium and the pH regulator reagent supplied to this section through nozzles 24 and the system for supplying air pumped from a turbo blower (not shown) to the airliners 27 airlift 25 and hydrodynamic pipes 26 communicated with them are included.

По заполнении второй секции 21 жидкость по эрлифтным и гидродинамическим трубам 5 подаетс в виде газожидкостной эмульсии в вышерасположенную третью секцию 21By filling the second section 21, the fluid through the airlift and hydrodynamic tubes 5 is supplied as a gas-liquid emulsion to the upstream third section 21

На выходе из труб 26 газожидкостна эмульси от удара о конические отражатели . 28 разрушаетс , при этом отработанные газы 10 под действием избыточного давлени выход т в атмосферу через патрубки 22, огиба вертикальные отражатели 23, уменьшающие унос капель жидкости, а жидкость падает в нижнюю часть третьей секции 21. По запол15 нении ее жидкость подаетс в четвертую секцию 21 и так далее вплоть до заполнени всех секций колонны 1 с восход щим потоком , кроме нижней.At the outlet of the pipe 26 gas-liquid emulsion from impact on conical reflectors. 28 is destroyed, while the exhaust gases 10 under the action of overpressure are released into the atmosphere through nozzles 22, by bending vertical reflectors 23, which reduce the entrainment of liquid droplets, and the liquid falls into the lower part of the third section 21. Upon filling, its liquid is supplied to the fourth section 21 and so on, until all sections of column 1 are filled with upward flow, except for the lower one.

В случае чрезмерного повышени уровн 20 пены в секци х 21 колонны 1 с восход щим потоком избыток ее но наклонным патрубкам 29 и вертикальной трубе 30 поступает в секцию 17 дозревани колонны 2 с нисход щим потоком.In the event of an excessive increase in the level of 20 foam in the sections 21 of the column 1 with upward flow, its excess but inclined nozzles 29 and the vertical pipe 30 enters the section 17 of the maturation of the column 2 with the downward flow.

25 Из верхней секции колонны 1 культуральиа жидкость по трубе 3 самотеком поступает в верхнюю часть колонны 2 на верхнюю трубную решетку ГЗ верхней секции 6, заполн сопла 11.25 From the upper section of column 1, the culture liquid through pipe 3 by gravity flows into the upper part of column 2 to the upper tube sheet of the GB of the upper section 6, filling the nozzle 11.

30 В этот момент включаетс система подачи воздуха в камеры В всех устройств дл насыщени жидкости газом от низконапорных воздуходувных машин (не показаны), например вентил торов.30 At this point, the air supply system to the chambers is turned on. In all devices, to saturate the liquid with gas from low-pressure blower machines (not shown), for example, fans.

5 Проход через кольцевые щели между нижними концами сопл 11 и верхними концами диффузоров 10, воздух, ноступающий из камеры В в эжекторы, приобретает спиралеобразное (вихревое) движение.5 Passing through the annular gap between the lower ends of the nozzles 11 and the upper ends of the diffusers 10, the air that enters the chamber B into the ejectors acquires a spiral (vortex) motion.

0 Под действием собственного веса и направленного вниз избыточного давлени жидкость из сопл 11 поступает в диффузоры 10 и попадает в вихреобразные потоки воздуха , диспергирующегос в ней с образованием 5 тонкодисперсной воздушно - жидкостной эмульсии.0 Under the action of its own weight and downward overpressure, the liquid from the nozzles 11 enters the diffusers 10 and enters the vortex air flows dispersing in it to form 5 fine air-liquid emulsions.

При этом в эжекторах осуществл етс интенсивный обмен массами между жидкостью и газом, в результате чего жидкость насыщаетс кислородом воздуха и освобождаетс от продуктов метаболизма, в частности от углекислого газа.In this case, in the ejectors, there is an intensive exchange of masses between the liquid and the gas, as a result of which the liquid is saturated with oxygen in the air and freed from the products of metabolism, in particular from carbon dioxide.

После установлени динамического равновеси концентраций компонентов газовой смеси в жидкости и газовых пузырьках последние отдел ютс от нее при ударе газожидкостной , эмульсии о конические отражатели 15, которые она достигает большой скоростью после выхода из эжекторов.After establishing a dynamic equilibrium of the concentrations of the components of the gas mixture in the liquid and gas bubbles, the latter are separated from it by the impact of the gas-liquid emulsion on the conical reflectors 15, which it reaches at high speed after leaving the ejectors.

Claims

As a result of contact with the reflectors 15, the velocity of the gas-liquid emulsion changes in size and direction, with the liquid phase ahead of the gas bubbles that are depleted, enlarged by coalescence and then destroyed without a large amount of foam. Liquid with small gas bubbles suspended in it falls on the upper tube sheet 13 of the downstream section 6, filling the nozzle I. In the steady state operation of the device, the dynamic level of the fluid in section 6 is higher than the upper tube sheet 13, and when filling the device it can fluctuate. However, even if it is located below the upper lattice 13, the liquid in the nozzles 11 serves as a hydraulic lock that prevents the downstream section b of exhaust gases from being sucked into the ejectors from the demulsification of the gas-liquid emulsion, leaving it from the ejectors of the upstream section b. Under the action of overpressure, the exhaust gases from section b enter the cylindrical shell 7 located therein, and out of it through pipe 9 they escape to the atmosphere. When the lower edges of the shell 7 are bent, the gases flowing into it change the direction of movement to the opposite, which promotes the release of liquid droplets from them. When moving in the shell 7, the gases are freed from the remaining droplets, the deposition rate of which is greater than the rate of rising w: its gas flow, in which they are weighed. Similarly, passing all sections 6 of column 2 from top to bottom, the culture liquid enters the second section from bottom B, located above section 17 of ripening. From it, through pipe 3, the liquid flows by gravity into the lower section 21 of column 1 with ascending flow. By filling it, the air supply system to the aerators 27 of the air-lift 25 and hydrodynamic pipes 26 located in it is turned on. Through these pipes, the fluid is supplied to the lamely spaced second section 21. In this case, the circulation loop in the apparatus is closed. The device is loaded with liquid until the excess of it reaches the maturation section 17 through the overflow pipes 30, after which a valve 19 opens on the pipe 18 so that from the lower section 21 of column 1 to the section 17 of maturation of column 2 as much liquid flows nutrient medium through the nozzle 24. Upon filling the apparatus with liquid, the continuous flow of nutrient medium into it switches by feeding it through the annular manifolds 8, while the nutrient medium entering the manifold 8 under excessive pressure m, flows from the openings on its outer surface in the form of thin streams, falls around the perimeter on the inner surface of the shell 7 and flows down with a thin film downwards, preventing the deposition of foam and liquid drops on it into the lower section 6. This eliminates formation the inner surfaces of the shells 7 contaminants that may become a source of infection of the culture fluid, in the upper part of each shell is provided the mixing of the nutrient medium with the reagent-pH regulator supplied to its internal surface With the help of an annular collector with openings on the outer surface, the volatile substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms accumulated as a result of the mixing reaction (for example, sulfuric acid SO released by the addition of mineral acid) will go into the free state and release from a thin film of the flowing nutrient medium to the upward flow of exhaust gases. If a volatile pH regulator (ammonia water, hydrochloric acid) is used, in order to avoid evaporation losses, it is advisable to add most of it to the nutrient medium before it enters the apparatus, with the automatic feeding of the rest of it to the second section below. columns 1 through the pipe 24 on the signal coming from the pH sensor installed in the upstream section of section 21. The nutrient medium flows from each shell 7 into the lower section b, mixed with the culture medium It enters the ejectors where it is saturated with air. The dispersion of the nutrient medium introduced into the apparatus has a favorable effect on the growth of microorganisms. The passage of all sections of column 2 from top to bottom, the culture fluid is repeatedly saturated with air and is freed from waste gases, while the mass exchange between the vein and the gas takes place under conditions of continuous renewal of a highly developed contact surface, which will ensure maximum mass transfer rate. The temperature of the culture liquid in the apparatus is maintained within the required limits with the help of a coolant introduced into the heat exchange chambers D through nozzles 32. The level of the cultured fluid in each section 6 can vary depending on the air flow introduced into the chamber B, its pressure and other factors. When the performance of any section b decreases and the level of fluid in it is excessively raised, its excess is poured into the downstream section 6 through the upper edges of the cylindrical shell 7. In section 17, the culture fluid is aerated with air supplied to the lower part of the diffuser 33 through the aerator 34, and its temperature is controlled by the heat exchanger 35. Upon reaching a certain level in the ripening section 17, the finished product is removed from its lower part through the pipe 36, while the level in the ripening section 17 is derzhivaets constant. In the event of an emergency power outage, the valve 5 on the pipe 3 is automatically closed, which eliminates the exit of the culture fluid from the column 2 with the downward flow of the gas-liquid emulsion. Before putting the apparatus into operation, after the forced stopping of the apparatus, the system for supplying the defoaming emulsion to the upper part of the column 2 and the tube 30 is activated via sprayers 31. Invention 1. The apparatus for growing microorganisms according to the author. St. No. 494407, characterized in that, in order to prevent the infection of the process, it is provided with cylindrical shells located in the center of each section (except the ripening section) of the downstream gas-liquid emulsion column, ring headers fixed in the upper part of each shell and having holes located on their outer surface, and a gas outlet for exhaust - on the lid above the upper shell, with the upper edges of the shells located above the ejectors.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the shells installed in the underlying sections is smaller than the diameter of the shells located in the overlying sections.

3. The device on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the upper portions of the downstream shells are installed in the lower portions of the upstream ones with the formation of an annular gap between them.

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