SU51568A1 - Device for automatic closing of the pipeline operating in the suction tank - Google Patents

Description

During the mechanical development of the soil in the caisson by a suction pump and the delivery of this soil to the surface by means of refilling, it is necessary that under any conditions of operation of the mechanisms the pressure of compressed air in the caisson chamber, established by the conditions of work, is not disturbed.

The change in the pressure of compressed air in the caisson chamber can occur for a number of reasons: 1) the compressors partially or completely stop the flow of air into the caisson; 2) there was a breakdown of the caisson, due to which compressed air escapes through the shell into the atmosphere; 3) the lid of the material tube is torn off; 4) the reflower hose is broken; 5) the cover of the centrifugal pump is torn off; 6) the suction pump sucker is removed from the water, and the compressed air through the hose is released into the atmosphere.

The first three cases do not cause the operation of the proposed device, and therefore in this case are excluded from consideration. Consider the last three reasons.

In the event that the earth sucker is left unattended, and the inflow of water into the caisson is less than the flow through the pump, the sucker is partially exposed and starts working like a siphon, increasing the water suction rate and at the same time, more and more exposing, passes a large the amount of air creating an emergency condition in the caisson.

With a sharp decrease in the air pressure in the caisson, thick fog and a large flow of water from under the knife is formed. In case of insufficient attention of the service personnel, the accident of the caisson is not excluded, i.e. flooding it with water.

The same will take place in the event of a pump cover failure or a hose rupture.

In order to avoid a caisson accident resulting from air leakage, a proposed device is installed for automatically closing the pipeline of the suction dredge operating in the caisson.

In FIG. 1 shows the device in side view; FIG. 2 - the same in the top view.

The device consists mainly of a cylinder 7 (Fig. 1 and 2), separated by a partition 2 from the chamber /, a piston 3 with a rod 4, a valve 5 and a control weight. The piston 5, equipped with gland rings 8, is under pressure, on the one hand, compressed air, arrival w, from the caisson to the cylinder 7 through openings 7, and on the other hand, under hydrostatic pressure of the water column, respectively river at this time. The hydrostatic pressure of the water column is transmitted through a hose 8 that goes into the water of the river and ends in the cylinder 1 in a horizontal section 27 with openings 9 at the bottom of the tube, and then through the opening 70 in the partition 2, to the piston 5. When there is a leak in the caisson air pressure and pressure of the latter, the overpressure generated from the difference in air pressure and hydrostatic pressure on the piston 3, will cause the latter to move and push the valve 5 forward through the rod 4, blocking the hose opening //, and thus prevent Shui leakage of air from the hose refulera caisson.

Since the dredging consistency requires a certain ratio of pulp for excavating and transporting it to the surface by means of refluxing, it is necessary to keep the air pressure in the caisson lower than the pressure of the water column in the river to obtain the necessary water without a mechanical engine. In order for the device to act only with the required differential pressure, a balancing device acting according to the lever principle has been applied. The load 6 is attached to the rocker arm 4, which extends from two sides of the brush 4, from one end. The other arm, by means of a hinge / 5, is attached to the fixed platform / 2. The step / b between the arms of the rocker rests on the protrusion / 5 on the rod 4. The force, equal to the pressure difference between water and air on the piston, is transmitted through the protrusion / 5 on the rod 4 to the ledge in the rocker arm 76, trying to turn the lever / 4 around the axis 75 The lever, in turn, by the step 76 through the protrusion 75 produces pressure on the rod 4.

As long as the air pressure is greater than the calculated one, the piston 3 presses against the annular protrusion of the internal partition 2 of the cylinder 7. As soon as the air pressure falls below the calculated one, the system equilibrium is disturbed, the piston 3 begins to move and, pressing the protrusion 75 on the brush to the ledge / b, forces the rocker arm / 4, rotate around axis 13 until ledge 76 comes off protrusion 75. Thereafter, piston 3, freeing itself from the counterbalancing force, and moving together with rod 4 carrying the valve 5, closes hose 77.

In order to prevent water from entering the cylinder 7, the chamber 7 is partially filled with oil, which at the same time serves to lubricate the cylinder 7.

Since water is harder than oil, when moving Plesch 3, due to partition 2, water will not have access to the rings 75 and cylinder walls 7, and when it returns back to its original position, the oil will once again occupy the old volume in chamber 7, having previously displaced water through the holes 9.

For the production of periodic replenishment of oil in the chamber / in the wall of the latter, a funnel f9 with a tap is provided, through which replenishment is carried out by closing the tap 20 and opening the tap 27.

When the reduction of air pressure is stopped, further work on the development and release of soil is carried out as follows. The valve 20 is closed, and thereby the effect of the pressure of the water from the river on the bulk 3 is divided; then a valve 27 is opened to release water from the chamber 7. The valve 5 is opened manually, and the piston 3 moves with it, the water is forced out of the cylinder 7 through the valve 27; The control weight 6 returns to its original position, after which the valve 27 is closed and the valve 20 opens. After

these operations, the device is ready for further action.

The valve 5 during the pressure of the water in the hose is under hydrostatic pressure, and therefore the rod 4 passes through the wall 22 provided with an epiploon 25.

In order to eliminate excessive roughness in the hoses, the valve 5 operates as a console, without protruding parts in the hose 11.

In order to achieve greater impermeability between the valve 5 and the walls of the hole, on it is attached along the perimeter a strip of rubber sheet 24, located on the side of high pressure.

The deposited soil in the slots 26 will be displaced by the valve 5 itself.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A device for automatically closing the pipeline of the suction pump operating in the caisson in the event of a decrease in the air pressure in the caisson below a certain limit, characterized in that the pipeline valve is connected to the valve a cylinder whose space on the side of the valve communicates with the chamber of the caisson, and the space on the other side is communicated by a tube filled with water outside the caisson. 2. The form of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to keep the valve in the open position when the air pressure in the caisson is lowered to a certain limit, a latch, which is rotatable with a counterweight, is used, abutting with its protrusion in the protrusion located on the piston rod . 3. The form of the device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the cylinder 7 has a partition 2 with openings in the upper part, and the tube 8 is bent and led to the cylinder from the bottom to transfer the pressure of the water in the pipe to the piston through the oil poured into the cylinder. 4. In the device according to claims. 1-3, use valves 20 and 21, which shut off the tube 5, to bring the valve and the valve back to their original position without pouring water out, as well as to pour oil into the cylinder by closing the valve 20 and opening the valve 21.