SU50841A1 - Method of adjusting the performance and power supply of steam boilers - Google Patents

Description

Rolling boilers have a number of shortcomings that impede their exploitation, one of which, for example, is the complexity of regulating devices and mechanisms.

With the proposed method of regulating the performance of a steam boiling steam boiler and its powering, the action of the feed pump depends on the water level in the separator, which is included at the point of rupture of the boiler coils in the steam-forming part. The separator feeds the steam part of the pump with a mixture of steam and water discharged from the coils into the separator. At high voltages of the surface of the heater in the mixture supplied to the pump, the vapor content prevails, and at low voltages, the content of water in the mixture increases accordingly.

Thus, the effect of the feed pump is in accordance with the state of the boiler load.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic of the arrangement of a steam boiling device using the proposed method for adjusting

performance and power of the boiler when a piston pump is available; FIG. 2 is the same in another form of implementation, with a steam pump of any type.

With the proposed method of regulating the performance of the flow-through steam boiler 7, its coil 2, built according to the usual flow-through type, has a gap in its vapor-forming part.

A separator (water separator) 4 is included at the point of rupture. Steam through separator 4 goes further into coil 3 and is directed at the outlet of the boiler to the main steam line. The water separating from the separator may be diverted back to the JO feed tank through a pipe provided with a Curting nozzle 72 or used for some other purpose. The tank is equipped with a sump pipe with overflow funnel 77.

The presence of water in the separator is used as a factor regulating the operation of the feed pump.

A steam pipe 35 passes steam through the bottom of the separator 4, equipped with a purge valve 9, supplying steam to the steam cylinder 6 of the pump 7.

The very method of regulating the operation of the pump is based on the fact that the water pressure node can serve to drive a piston engine.

The operation of the steam pump is carried out with steam coming from separator 4 through pipe 36. Until the water level in the vessel of separator 4 reaches the mouth of the pipe 56, the pump is powered by steam and operates as a normal steam pump.

When the level of water released in the separator rises above the mouth of the pipe 56, the pump starts working with a mixture of steam and water or with water alone.

The result of feeding the pump with a mixture of steam and water (or with water alone) will noticeably slow down the pump, i.e., reduce its performance, because in order for the pump to work on water at the same speed as the steam, it is necessary to pipes, cylinders and spools passed a volume of water equal to the volume of steam, and therefore the speed of water and steam with such a requirement should be equal. In reality, the steam velocity in the supply pipe is about 20–25 m / s, and in the channels and peaks of the switchgear, about 40–60 m / s. Water, however, cannot reach such speeds, because the pressure drop in the water flow would have reached enormous proportions.

Some time of pump operation on a mixture of steam and water or on one water is enough to pump out excess water from separator 4, and then steam will again flow through the steam pipe 36 and the normal operation of the steam pump will be restored.

This process is due to the fact that the slow action of the pump during its operation on water at the same time naturally reduces the boiler's water supply and, consequently, the release of excess water in the separator.

A safety valve J4 and a pressure gauge / 5 are placed on the separator cover.

The described method of regulating the power supply and connecting it with the boiler capacity provides the main steam line and steam receivers from getting into the water from the boiler, as can happen in any boiler if there is an oversight, since the water absorption from the separator by the steam cylinder of the pump always exceeds water supply by the water cylinder of the pump. The described device is applicable only to a piston pump.

The embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 2, suitable for any type of steam pump, with coil 2 having two or more discontinuities.

All the breaks of the coil 2 are connected via valves 3 directly to the separator 4, which separates the steam from the water; the steam through the separator goes further into the coil 3 and is directed on leaving the boiler to the main steam line.

A steam pipe 36 supplying the steam pump (piston or turbine) passes through the cover of the separator 4. In the separator 4, the float 30 is obstructed with the valve 35 in the upper part and with the guide spindle 37 below. The separator is equipped with an overflow pipe with a drain valve 34 and a purge valve 9.

The boiler is equipped with smoke dampers 33 controlled by a membrane controller 32 placed on the main steam line, on which the steam meter 8 is installed.

While the water level in the separator 4 is below the overflow pipe with a drainage system 34, the float is in its lower position, as in FIG. 2, leaves the valve 35 open and the steam freely enters the steam portion 6 of the pump 7. In the event of an increase in the water level, which is caused by excessive pumping, the float rises and the valve 35 reduces or completely blocks the flow of steam into the pump and the excess water through the diverter 34, is fed through the nozzle 72 to the JO tank.

A device of a number of breaks in the boiler coil is used depending on the need of one or another temperature of superheated steam by turning on a separator into one or another gap using valves 5 /.

The subject matter of the invention.

The method of regulating the performance and power supply of steam boilers, characterized in that the action of the feed pump is made dependent on the water level in the celarator included at the point of rupture of the boiler coils in the steam generating part and feeding the steam part of the pump discharged from the coils to the separator with a mixture of steam and water with a predominant content of steam at high voltages of the heating surface, and at low voltages - with a corresponding increase in the content of water in the mixture.

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