SU501699A1 - Reaper Threshing Machine - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, primarily to cereal harvesting machines.

Known harvester threshers for mowing and threshing of the grain mass, including a cutting unit and a consistently installed conveyor and drum threshing apparatus with a deck. The grain mass transported by the conveyor is fed into the threshing machine by a conveyor belt.

At the same time, a large number of stems are fed to the threshing machine, along with the ears, for processing of which a considerable part of the power required for threshing is expended. In addition, these stems, the passage through the threshing machine, make it difficult to separate the threshing grain through the deck, which in turn leads to increased losses and injury to the grain.

A distinctive feature of the proposed thresher is that the knife for separating the butt of the stems is mounted on the threshing drum, and the shearing plate is fixed on the disk.

Carrying out the butt parts of the stems by the air flow as a result of installing the blades on the shaft of the threshing drum, in the zone of arrival of the butt part of the stems.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed reaper hammer, a top view (without the reel and the upper part of the casing of the threshing apparatus); in fig. 2 is an AA section of FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section along BB in FIG. one.

The harvester-thresher consists of a body 1 having a horizontal 2 and an inclined 3 parts on which a new-belt conveyor 4 is located. On the horizontal part 2 of the body 1 of the header there is a cutting unit 5. A supporting roller 6 is located above the inclined end of the conveyor 4.

At the side of the header, behind the transporter 4, there is a reinforced threshing machine consisting of a threshing drum 7, deck 8, auger 9 with a slotted neck 10. The case 11 of the threshing drum 7 between the sides 12, 13 is made of sheet iron in the form of a solid cylinder. The sidewall 14 is made of a lattice to provide air access to the impeller of the blades 15, which are installed parallel to the drum axis between the sidewalls 13, 14. The corrugated whips 16 together with the body 11 are bolted to the sidewalls 12, 13, 14. In the middle of four scourges 16 between the sidewalls 13 , 14 made longitudinal slits for the passage of rectangular bolts 17,

by attaching to the whips 16 a knife consisting of a disk 18 and cutting segments attached to it 19. Deca 8 covers the threshing drum 7 at an angle of 180 °. The left part of the deck consists of sections 20, supported by the main plates of the deck 21 frame. On the left, at the extreme section 20, an arc 22 is installed, on which the shear plate 23 and the annular movable partition 24 are fastened, to which the guards 25, 26, 27 are rigidly attached. The output plate 30 of the impeller is fixed to the blade disk 18. blades 15 and nozzle 31. The upper 32 and lower 33 walls of the outlet nozzle 30 of the impeller of the blades 15 are attached to the rear wall of the casing 29 so that they form grooves along which the flap 27 walks while the annular movable partition 24 moves. drum there is a hole which is covered by adjustable louvers between the blade disk 18 and the case 29 along the entire circumference of the drum 7, except for the entrance window between the counter plate 23 and the edge of the case 29 bordering the support roller 6. In the circular movable partition 24, slots are made in which pass the main strips 21 of the deck framework. The slits allow you to change the gap between the deck 8 and the whips 16 of the threshing drum 7. The described harvester-thresher works as follows. In the process of moving across the field, the cut stalks of the crop being removed with a reel are placed on the conveyor 4 ears in the direction opposite to the movement of the header (as shown in Fig. 1). The conveyor 4 cuts off the stems to the threshing drum 7, where the segments 19 (Fig. 2) of the knife from the stems separate their parts at the level of low-lying ears, and the air flow generated by the blades 15 is scattered across the field. The amount of air is regulated by the louvers 34 (Fig. 3). The stalk part of the stems is threshed with whips 16. The straw is thrown out by them into the nozzle, 01K 3: 1, the threshed grain is separated through the holes of the deck into the screw 9, with which it is unloaded through the discharge neck 10 (Fig. 3). Thus, the bread mass entering the threshing apparatus is divided into two streams. Komleva part of the stems is cut and the threshing machine does not fall. Kolosova part of the stems is threshed. By moving the disc 18 and the shearing plate 23 along the axis of the drum 7, the length of the separated butt part of the stems can be adjusted. Installing the blades 15 on the shaft of the threshing drum in the zone of arrival of the butt part of the stems ensures that the cut part of the stems is carried by the air stream. The subject matter of the invention 1. A harvester-thresher comprising a cutting apparatus, a conveyor, a knife for separating the butt of the stems, a threshing drum with a deck, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design and reduce energy costs, a knife for separating the butt of the stems is mounted on the threshing drum , and a counter plate is fixed on the deck. 2. The threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to regulate the length of the separated butt part of the stems, the knife and the shearing plate are fixed with the ability to move along the drum. 3. The threshing sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure an air flow of the outer part of the stems, the blades are mounted on the shaft of the threshing drum in the area of the butt part of the stems.

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