SU49344A1 - Talkies - Google Patents

Description

The modern tendencies of sound cinematography are reduced to film dubbing. This way offers the opposite way to solve the same problem: the creation of a visual gramophone record and the corresponding recording and reproducing gramophone equipment,

For this purpose, it is intended to use microscopic photographs applied to the plate, which are projected enlarged onto the screen synchronously with the reproduction of the acoustic recording.

The photographs (about 1-mm in size) are located either on the same record as the sound recording, or on a separate one, and in the first case it is even possible to arrange between the coils of the sound recording of either solid photographs or their separate component strips, which are then projected alternately on different parts of the screen in such a way as to sum up the total reproducible picture.

Such a breakdown of the picture into separate strips is justified only when the tonearm and the lens are connected, since on the one hand the maximum economy of radial movements is required, and on the other, the linear speed required is much higher for sound recording.

When both recordings (light and sound) are located on different plates (according to which recording and reproducing devices are made duplex) or, in general, with separate self-recording of images, saving the same pitch for both recordings is optional and can be replaced by introducing the appropriate mechanical transmission ( with a reduced number of revolutions on the cinema spindle), which allows to maintain a hard radial connection between the tonearm and the lens, although the latter is not necessary oviem playbacks synchronization.

Intermediate between the combined (on one plate) and separate arrangement of both records is their deposition on different sides of the same plate. In this case, the disc for overlaying the plate is made transparent and the photo record is read through it.

One of the main conditions for a technically correct solution of this problem is designing with a continuously moving disk, in contrast to the jerky movement of a film. This task can be solved tro:

1) instantaneous lighting flashes (the duration of the flash determines the image blur);

2) one of the well-known types of optical motion compensation, the meaning of which is that the additional movement of the corresponding element of the objective device is consistent with the movement of the picture to be designed and, as it were, stops its movement for a certain period of time;

3) a special compensator. The principle of the latter is to

that at one time not the whole picture is projected, but only a narrow band, perpendicular to the direction of the picture, and:

a) this band is fixed not by a picture, which would correspond to a conventional compensator, but by a fixed slit or the like, by which the picture passes discontinuously;

b) varies in accordance with the speed of movement of the part of the screen used for projection. This principle is explained in FIG. 2

If we assume that the circuit of FIG. 2 corresponds to a conventional compensator (for simplicity, the phenomenon is viewed in a parallel beam), then when the picture is moved from AB and AB, the image of ab will remain stationary due to the rotation of the mirror from position I and P. On the contrary, with the proposed compensator (Fig. 3) sequentially passing past the slit M (the physical presence of the slit, as such, is optional) of the points A, B, C, D of the picture mirror, turning from 1 position I to position II, will give an image respectively in sections a, b, c, d screen, playback in parts (n smeschayuscheys discontinuous stripe) the whole picture again not the same as the "movable. It is easy to notice that the rotation of the mirror here has a direction opposite to the usual one (Fig. 2), “if we could exclude any kind of inversion of optical systems and assume that the image and the picture are compatible, why this kind of compensator can be described on the other hand, then as on the other, it is defined as bandwidth (partial reproduction at any given moment). Finally, on the third hand, he is, the opposite of the usual motion stopping compensator is characterized as kinematic, since it, on the contrary, leads the process to moving the image on the screen

Since the combined recording is especially interesting not for short passages, but for longer processes (political speeches, operas, ballets, stage plays, etc.) lengthening the playing time of each plate is very significant - a problem already solved by applying a constant relative linear needle speed on the plate instead of the existing constant angular velocity of rotation.

A similar principle can be applied with particular success in the proposed device, whereby a circumferential image is further avoided (the transition is extended to compressed photo images depending on the radius of the disk) or different duration of illumination or design while maintaining a constant arc length of paintings by varying the distance between them, such as is obtained from FIG. one.

This kind of mechanism is represented in FIG. 4, given, as an example, in the explanation of the entire invention, albeit in various other ways.

From the motor (electric motor, spring) / shaft 2 transmits the rotation of the worm wheel 3 and the friction roller 4, as well as through the left-handed screw 5 and the worm wheel 6 to the shaft 7 mounted in the carriage 8, and the second friction roller 9. Carriage 8 It is pressed in the direction of the first shaft 2 by a strong spring 10, which presses the roller 9 to the disk 11, and t, by clamping itself between the two friction rollers, which, in the opposite direction of rotation, ensures the rotation of the disk 11 without slipping. Simultaneously with the roller 9 being pressed against the disk, the semi-nut 12 of the lead screw 13 belonging to the system friction disk — spindles — is activated by a semi-nut 12 in such a way that the disk axis // moves all the time towards the rollers. Dp its reverse bias between working periods is enough to raise

the carriage 8, and the weak spring 14 will free the disk from touching the roller 4. The disk // rotation is transmitted through the serrations 75 and J6 to one of the main spindles (normal-sound) / 7 and then through the serrations J8- / P-2 (to the second spindle ( to the light one) 27; the lead screw 75 is fed from the same system (through a friction gear 22, 23). Thus, unlike existing gramophones, the radial shift is not associated with the tone arm, but with the system of discs and spindles associated with the plates. removed by a needle 24 and a pickup 25, and a light (view and and a cinematographic) lens 26, which can also be lowered onto the plate, held at a precisely defined distance from the surface by a needle 27, for which special silent mounts between the turns of the movie are provided on the species plate. The light rays passing through an optical system similar to the corresponding ( objective part of the projection microscope, get into the compensator 28 (sitting on the worm shaft and rotating at the selected speed) and from there, after proper transformations, are rejected by the optical system oh 29 on screen 30. In order to synchronize the rotation of both plates J7 bearing wheels 32 and provided with a leading pins 33 and 34, and the most-appropriate additional plate holes. The lighting part as well as the lifting device of the carriage 8 is not shown in the diagram.

The proposed design is only an option, and the optical part can be, with appropriate additions and modifications, attached to any kind of gramophone circuits, and the friction, transmission can be replaced by proper electrical synchronization. In addition, for both phonetic and visual reproduction, appropriate power transmitters can be introduced, which will make it possible to use the offer to be used as a radio-television set for some additions.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. Sound cinema in which the recording of sound and images is arranged by parallel tracks on a phonograph plate, characterized in that sequential microphotographs of images arranged along the track are applied to the image, and a projection microscope mounted on the sound sleeve with one of the known optical equalizers. 2. The change in sound film under item 1, characterized in that the sound recording and microphotographs are located on different plates. driven in rotation with the help of appropriate gears from the common engine (Fig. 4). 3. In the sound film according to claim 1, use, with a projection microscope 29, a guide needle 27 extending along an additional groove on the disc of disk 32 (Fig. 3). 4. In sound film according to item I, use successive strips cut from micrographic photographs in order to alternately light individual strips of different parts of the screen. 5. In the sound film according to claim 2, with fixed pickups 25 and a microscope 26, 29 radially movable disks J /, 32, to move which, together with gears, a screw J3 driven by rotational friction gear 22 is applied to them, 23 through the gear 75, 76 from the disk 77 (Fig. 3). 6.In the sound film on PP. 1 and 4, the use of an optical compensator in the form of a swinging mirror for shifting the various parts of the images onto the screen, shifted in front of the lens (Fig. 2). E to the author's certificate of N. A, JSs 4Ш4 KalapshiEbva and ,, S and. with S a. 9 th 3 / “yy and