SU492837A1 - The method of determining the gravitational constant - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of metrology, namely to gravimetric measurements.

A known method for determining the gravitational constant using torsional weights operating in a dynamic mode, in which the non-magnetic test mass is adjusted in the azimuthal and transverse directions 2dop of the balance equilibrium line, weights the oscillations of the weights and the distances between the interacting masses. The gravitational constant is determined from the measured values of the perturbed periods and the distances between the masses.

1 The purpose of the invention is to increase

measurement accuracy.

For this, the non-magnetic trial mass is adjusted at two or more points, the period of the scientific research institute of the balance is measured at each of these points, the distance is incremented from the original point, and a system of equations is computed, calculating the distance between the interacting masses and the gravitational constant. Distance from center npo6

mass to the center of the rocker in the position when the test mass (Aligned, is determined approximately. However, the change in distance is recorded very accurately. To do this, move the test mass in the direction of the horizontal axial axis by -6 and measure the new value of the oscillation period of the balance. Line The trial mass displacement is determined by serifs at two points, each of which is used to align the trial mass both in azimuth and vertically. If the trial mass displacement increment is s6, t This allows us to obtain j-independent equations, so that you can refine the approximate measured distance and determine the absolute value of the gravitational constant.

Proceeding from the accuracy of the determination of the gravitational constant and neglecting members of the highest order, we obtain the value of the gravitational constant from the equation

WfT .-- r.-J.7 7 7 - / irp-Mf,

Claims (1)

To Tr-WmL where f -, () uf,, J; period of non-disturbed oscillations of scales; T is the period of oscillation of the scales, perturbed by the trial mass; J is the moment of inertia of the rocker arm with weights about the vertical axis; L is the length of the arm of the rocker arm; u - the mass of the rocker, not loaded with masses of the head; J is the amplitude of torsional vibrations. Periods 7 and T {are determined in the process of working with the device with an Ir / O accuracy. The value of 7 is determined remotely with the help of two photodetectors that are included in the optical indication device for the period of oscillation of the scales. Thus, the above equation contains the following non-best, which are not measured directly: t if- Therefore, to determine (it is necessary to shift the trial mass M at least once and measure the periods. The diagram is explained in the figure, where 1 device initiating torsional vibrations of the balance; vacuum torsion balance; 3 — optical indication device for the period of oscillation of the balance; 4 — device for moving the trial mass; 5 trial weight (M); 6 — mass of one weight of the balance arm of the balance (t); L — distance from and rotation of the balance to the center of mass of the weights of the rocker; f is the distance from the axis of rotation to the center of mass of the test body; l is the fixed step of moving the test mass. The method is as follows. With the help of the device 1, the torsional oscillations are reported to the weight 1. registered by the optical display system 3. With the help of the device 4, the center of the test ball mass 5 of non-magnetic material is located in a horizontal plane passing through the beam of torsion weights near one of the weights 6 of the rocker arm. The desired position of the test mass is controlled by the reaction of the balance. In the absence of trial mass, both halves of the period should be equal, which is achieved by selecting the location of the photodetector of the display system. The location of the test mass strictly along the equilibrium line of the balance wheel does not disturb the equilibrium of the half-periods, but only changes the absolute value of the oscillation period. If the half-periods are not equal, the test mass using device 4 should be mixed in azimuth. Next, an evaluation of the coincidence of the half periods is carried out again. This procedure should continue until the half cycles of oscillation of the weights coincide. After the eugo, an adjustment of the position of the test mass is made vertically — upon receipt of the maximum reaction of the balance. The invention determines the method of gravitational constant using torsional scales, operating in a dynamic mode, into a non-matte P1 general mass:; they are measured in the azimuthal and transverse directions along the lines: and equal to the weights, measure the periods of oscillation of the weights and the distance between the interacting masses, characterized by the fact that, in order to improve accuracy, it is 1 gnitnuyu trial mass of an adjustment in two louses of several points, measure üpg in the calsda of these points, the period of oscillation of the weights, the increment of the distance from the original 6th point and constituting equations calculated distance between the interacting masses and gravitadionn .uyu constant. X / iK .f. I .k N . -i /