SU48893A1 - Device for amplifying electronic currents - Google Patents

Description

The author's certificate No. 45765 of L. L. Kubetsky describes a method of amplifying electron currents based on the use of secondary electron emission, which consists in carrying out multiple conversion of electron fluxes in a system of sequentially activated electrodes in a vacuum device.

In this system, the secondary radiation from each electrode is caused by the ingress of electron radiation from the previous electrode, as a result of which the initially received oj of the thermionic or photoelectron emission source electron current increases in an avalanche.

The proposed device for determining the method of amplifying the electron currents, described in the main certificate of authorship No. 45765, is a development of the invention according to this certificate of authorship.

In accordance with the invention, it is proposed to modulate the electron flow between the first cathode and the first anode to place an isolated electrode capable of secondary emission of electrons, continuously bombarded by the cathode ray system and connected to the oscillator circuit of the radio receiver.

As is well known, a free electrode capable of secondary electron emission and located in a vacuum system under the bombardment of a flux of electrons takes on some equilibrium potential relative to the accelerating electrode. Under these conditions, the number of secondary electrons that left the free electrode will be equal to the number of primary electrons, AND, which come to it.

If in some way to change the established equilibrium potential difference, then the conditions for the removal of secondary electrons will change; as this potential difference increases, the " 2 will increase, and decrease with decreasing. If the secondary electrons thus obtained are subjected to multiple multiplication, then an enhanced effect will be obtained at the output, which is in a certain correspondence with the change in the potential of the free electrode.

To accomplish this, a device is shown schematically shown in FIG. 1-3 in three versions. In the vacuum tube / (Fig. 1). There is an electron gun 2 for irradiating a free electrode 5 capable of emitting secondary electrons (in particular: it can be coated with alkaline

metal). The speed of the bombarding electrons is given by the voltage of the power source 4,

When the equilibrium operating mode is established, the constant number of emitted secondary electrons from electrode 3 will be observed. Some of them will go to the accelerating anode of the gun, and most will go to the first stage of the electron multiplier 5, which has a large gradient of the diverting field. An electron multiplier consists of a series of metal grids coated with an alkali metal, or a row of blinds or other suitable electrodes, successively increasing the number of secondary electrons accelerated from electrode to electrode by fields created by sources 6. The electron flow allotted to the collector 7 will create at output load 8 some constant voltage drop.

If the established potential of the electrode 3 will change through a change in the charge of the capacitor 9 connected with it, placed in the alternating electric field of the capacitor 10, then accordingly the number of secondary electrons leaving the electrode 3 will change, and with it output 8- An increase in the potential of the electrode 3 will cause a decrease in voltage and vice versa. Thus, the oscillations of the electromotive force feeding the capacitor 10 (and, in particular, this could be the receiving oscillating circuit), by changing the radiation of the secondary electrons by the free electrode 3, will be amplified by the multiplier 5 and accordingly used at the output 8. The capacitor 10 can be moved to the vacuum device 7 and direct exposure to electrode 3.

With good insulation in the device, it is possible to connect the electrode 3 directly to the capacitor W, as indicated in FIG. 2. All designations here correspond to FIG. 1 and the principle of operation of the device is the same.

It goes without saying that in the devices shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electron gun 2 can be replaced, as shown in FIG. 3, a photocathode 2 with an accelerating anode 7 / and a light source 12.

The main advantage of the proposed amplifying device over existing lamp amplifiers is that the alternating voltage of the transmitted signal directly affects the emission of secondary electrons, and not through the input resistance, as usual. Consequently, very weak oscillations bordering on the shot effect of electron emission, which, as is well known, are slightly lower than the thermal functions of the input resistances, can be enhanced here.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A device for carrying out the method of amplifying electron currents according to author's certificate No. 45765, characterized in that for modulating the electron flow between the first cathode and the first anode is placed an isolated electrode capable of secondary emission of electrons, continuously bombarded by a separate cathode-ray system and connected capacity with the oscillatory circuit of the radio. 2. In the device according to claim 1, the use of galvanic connection with the specified free electrode. 3. In the device according to claim 1, use a photocathode for a cathode ray system which electronically bombards the control electrode. to the dependent author's M testimony of P. V. Shmakov 48893 -q -fl -Hi-Hi I ev I