SU48810A1 - Device for summing the rotational speeds of the axes - Google Patents

Description

The task of summing up the readings of the meters (for example, electrical energy) or, in general, the summation of turns of any axes can most often be solved by arranging contact mechanisms on each meter driven from the axis of the meter. In this case, the contact mechanisms are included in one common circuit so that the operation of each of them produces a short circuit or an open circuit and, as a result, attraction or release of the core of the electromagnet connected to this circuit, moving the counting mechanism.

 These devices suffer from the disadvantage that when two contact mechanisms are triggered simultaneously, the state of the circuit remains unchanged and therefore the counting mechanism does not move to a new reading, despite the rotation of the axes of the counters that took place. The summation error is obtained. Measures designed to prevent these errors lead to a significant complication of the device (see Schleicher, Telemechanization of Control and Management, ed. ONTI, 1935, pp. 64, 65).

The device proposed and described below preserves the simplicity of the contact device, does not resort to additional measures, and at the same time does not give errors even with

simultaneous operation of contact mechanisms. For the purpose of summing up the revolutions of the axes of the counters or other devices in the proposed device, the axes are supplied, as in some known devices, with commutators and devices in the form of co. 1; o with brushes superimposed on them.

The essence of the invention is that the brushes of each collector are connected to the plates of the subsequent collector so that the potential applied to one of the plates of the first collector moves as the axes rotate along the plates of the subsequent collectors with a speed equal to the algebraic sum of the speeds of rotation of all previous axes. In the case of the summation of the rotational speeds of the two axes, instead of connecting the brushes of one collector to the plates of the second, the respective plates of both collectors can be interconnected, and the potential to the first collector is brought through the brush to the collector through the tails. 4nf.no nj. -.:n collectors depend on the number of slgg e. and should be chosen so that when brushes of all collectors move from plate to plate at the same time as the next plates touch, the total potential displacement relative to the last brush does not exceed 180 angular degrees.

The attached drawing illustrates the implementation of the device. FIG. 1 shows the wiring diagram with two terms; in fig. 2 with three; in fig. 3 shows a variant of the connection scheme for summing up two terms, and FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate the construction of the collectors.

On the axes, the collectors of the limited liability partnership and 200 (Fig. 1), each consisting of three plates: W1, 102, SW and 201, 202, 203, are strengthened. Plus the batteries are connected to one of the plates / O / first collector. The current is supplied through a slip ring; in the drawing, it is depicted as a firm connection of a wire with a plate. Around the first collector there are three brushes ///, 7/2 and IJ3, which are connected by wires / 27, / 22 and 725 with plates 20J, 202, 203 of the second collector. Through a brush 2/7, this collector is connected to the roll of a schagovy electromagnet 7, the second end of which leads to a minus of the battery.

The device operates as follows. When the collector rotates the SO in the direction indicated by the arrow, its plate WJ, attached to the battery plus, alternately comes in contact with the brushes 7/7, 7/2, / 75 and transmits thus the potential plus through the wires 121, / 22, 123 alternately to the plates , 202, 203 of the collector 200. If the latter is stationary, then each time plate 7 (97 touches brush 777, the circuit closes from plus, through 101, 777, 727, 201, 277, the electromagnet 7 turns to minus, and the electromagnet 7 is excited Pulsation of the electromagnet 7 will occur with each turn of the switch 100. If the switch 200 also rotates, then the potential displacement plus along the plates 201, 202, 203 will increase the rotation of the plates themselves in space, as a result of which the potential displacement speed plus relative to the fixed brush 277 will increase and the electromagnet 7 will increase.

If one of the collectors rotates in the direction opposite to that shown by the arrow, then its speed will be subtracted from the speed of movement along its potential plates plus. Thus, the electromagnet / considers the algebraic sum of revolutions of collectors 7616 and 200.

The schematic diagram of the device for the case of three axes is shown in FIG. 2. It differs from the first in that the collectors have four plates instead of three. Accordingly increased the number of brushes. The need for this will be explained below.

The action of such a device basically proceeds in a similar way and therefore does not require special explanations. It is necessary to note only one circumstance, which, however, does not have a direct relation to the principle of action, but is important for the elimination of possible errors. The second collector 200 (FIG. 2) has four brushes. If the collector rotates slowly, then at times, when the brush moves from one plate to the next, it closes them for a while. In view of the symmetrical arrangement of the brushes, all the plates are simultaneously closed together. To avoid this, the collector 200 should not rotate smoothly, but jumps, passing through intermediate positions in a very short time. This is easily accomplished by appropriately driving the collector from its leading axis („tipping over”). Similarly, in case of need, the movement of the collector 100 can also be made (Fig. 2, as well as Fig. 1).

The device of FIG. 1 can also be performed as shown in FIG. 3. Only one brush is applied to each collector, and the collector plates are electrically connected to each other. The advantage of this arrangement is that the collectors can rotate smoothly, without introducing any error.

To judge the correctness of the device, the following is essential. As the collector 100 rotates (Fig. 3), the potential plus will then be on one plate 101, then in the process of moving the brush from one plate to another, plus will be simultaneously on plates 707 and 102, and then only on the plate, etc. With a uniform rotation of the collector 100, one can imagine that the potential produces

step-by-step movements, each per VG of a collector revolution or 60 °. With respect to the 2/7 brush, the potential plus travels at a speed determined by the sum of the speeds of the collectors 100 and 200. Since movement of the collector relative to the brush is possible for both collectors at the same time, relative to the brush 211 it is possible to move 60-1-60 ° 120 °. According to FIG. 3 shows, that the electromagnet 7 is excited for three positions of the potential plus: on the plates 203-201, 201 and 201-202; during the finding of the potential plus in the positions 202, 202-203 and winding 1 is de-energized. Thus, during 180 ° movement of the potential, the winding 7 is excited, for a further 180 it is de-energized. Immediate displacement of the potential through an angle of 180 will lead to inconsistency, since the state of the winding 7 will be the same even before and after the displacement of the potential, i.e. the turn of the collectors will not be marked by the turning mechanism of the counter 3.

Since, with two terms, the maximum rotation is 120, the error of summation is excluded. With a larger number of terms, it is necessary, in order to comply with the maximum total angle of 180 °, to reduce the size of an individual schaga, i.e., increase the number of collector plates.

The collector device is separately shown in FIG. 4. In order for the connecting wires 4, 5, 6 to be connected to certain collector plates, the supply of wires 4, 5 and 6 to the collector plates, due to its rotation, is made through slip rings. In some cases it is more expedient to make the last collector immobile. The design of the switching device for such a case is shown in FIG. 5. Counter rotates

the brush 8, which slides around the fixed collector 7, is connected to the electromagnet through a slip ring 8. Due to the immobility of the collector 7, the connecting wires are connected directly to the collector plates.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A device for summing the rotational speeds of the axes using a pulse counter indicating the total angle of rotation of the axes and driven from the axes of the switching devices in the form of collectors and brushes applied to them, wherein the brushes of each collector are connected to the plates of the subsequent collector with the purpose is that, when the axles rotate, the potential applied to one of the plates of the first collector moves along the plates of the subsequent collectors with a speed equal to the algebraic sum of the rotational speeds no previous axes. 2. A device change according to claim 1 for the case of the summation of rotational speeds of two axes, characterized in that the collector plates of the first collector are connected to the corresponding plates of the second, and the potential to the first collector is brought through a brush applied to the collector. 3. The form of the device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to eliminate the error in the total axis rotation taken into account by the device, the number of collector plates is chosen so that, when the brushes of all the collectors move from plate to plate at the same time as the next plates touch, The last brush did not exceed 180. iiuo /,.,/ y   .  , .f--, .- n, -gf V / l / l UD srig . / riV yz g pyg .w ,: o. |; | to | y-izh / l 3l) .J№ /} M g j W: zig-5 & four S