SU48711A1 - Forging machine locking device - Google Patents

Description

The proposed device serves for the automatic blocking of forging machines in the case of an attempt to forge from a cooled (below the set temperature) metal and is intended for use in the engineering industry.

At present, in the practice of forging machines, there are no devices that would signal to the worker that the metal has cooled and forging from it entails excessive stresses in the machine parts and their early wear. It is known that a part forged from a half-dried metal is considered defective or, worse, hidden.

Forging machines are equipped only (like all machines with machines) with safety studs that break when the machine loads excessively, thereby preventing it from breaking.

The proposed device is intended to automatically lock the forging machine in case the metal has cooled below the set temperature, and this is signaled to the worker serving the machine.

If the worker wants to remove more parts in one heat, he will continue to forge from the metal at a low (below normal) temperature, the proposed device will automatically lock the starting pedal of the forging machine for a certain time. All the efforts of the worker to start the machine in order to continue forging will remain in vain and he will inevitably have to change the cooled metal for a hotter one. The machine will be blocked just as much time as a worker needs to replace a cold metal with a heated one. Only by changing the metal, he will be able to resume work.

At the moment of blocking, a signal lamp lights up in front of the worker, signaling that it is impossible to continue working, the metal is cold, it is necessary to change the metal, the machine is locked.

In order to achieve this goal in the proposed device according to the invention, the maximum relay included in the machine’s motor circuit is so proportionate that it acts upon overload caused by the unacceptable cooling of the forged part and is used to turn on the locking electromagnet locking the starting pedal in such an overload to prevent forged cooled metal.

FIG. Figure 1 of the drawing shows the electrical circuit of the proposed device, the forging machine being shown conventionally by a dotted line (only the drive motor and the starting pedal are shown), in FIG. 2 - forging machine work schedule.

If a self-recording ammeter or wattmeter is included in the chain of the driving motor of the forging machine, a series of curves can be obtained reflecting the load fluctuations of the electric drive in amperes or watts. At the same time, if the machine is engaged in the manufacture of a standard part, the curves will be basically similar to the other and will reflect the work cycle corresponding to the manufacture of each part.

In the graph of FIG. 2 shows the actual curve, ascended by a self-recording ammeter. The forging machine forged every detail from three hits. Considering the graph of FIG. 2, on which the amps A are plotted on the ordinate axis, and on the abscissa time t,

we will see that: 1) before starting the drive motor, the curve shows no load during the period

 the time indicated by the letter / 7 (idle time); 2) the engine and idling start-up of the machine is registered,; by Niah, indicated by the letter X (idle operation); 3) at the time of the shocks going to manufacture the part, the current reaches the maximum value indicated on the graph by the letter P (working current); 4) at the end of production of the part, the current strength drops to the idle line, after which the cycle (curve of change in current) of the part production is resumed; The cycle of current changes during the manufacture of the first part is indicated on the graph by the letter d, the second is rfg. In the third-rfgi of the fourth-to-4 graph, it can be seen that in configuration all the curves of the cycles are absolutely similar, but the values of P for the maximum current differ in such a way that they continuously increase. This increase is due to the fact that the metal cools down during the forging of parts, and therefore the force on the forging of parts grows, forming increasing peak-like current curves: when the first part is forged, when the metal is well heated, the di curve has the lowest maximum value; the curve following it is increased, ds is even higher, and dt is out of bounds; in the latter case, the forging machine locks using the proposed device. From the above clear.

that: 1) when forging (for one heating of metal) several parts, the first part requires the least effort, the second, third and all subsequent parts require (for their forging) largely increasing efforts, 2) the increase in efforts (for forging parts) from metal cooling, i.e., from metal temperature, 3) an increase in the effort required to forge each individual part is reflected on the power or current in the supply network of the drive motor, depending on the temperature of the metal; This circumstance is used as the principle of operation of the proposed device, intended for the purpose of automatically blocking a forging (or other) machine when the metal is cooled below the norm.

The forging machine / (Fig. 1) has an individual drive in the form of an electric motor 2. A solenoid relay 3 is connected to the engine circuit 2, which has an iron core connected to the lever 5. The end of the lever J abuts the adjusting screw 6 with its plate spring 7. The lever 5 (at the moment the relay operates) closes one pair of contacts 5, thereby a circuit connected to them electrical circuit 9, powered by a battery 10. Circuit 9 includes a relay // time delay, which, when excited, will trigger and close the pair of contacts / 2 circuits / 5 blocked of the electromagnet 14. The latter, at its excitement, attracts the bar 15 (overcoming the force of the spring / b), which, standing in the path of the stud / 7, stops the movement of the J8 and the starting pedal, and therefore forges the forging machine into work will turn out to be impossible-. This will be the automatic blocking of the forging machine.

The blocking duration can be adjusted as desired by adjusting the relay 7 / time delay, which, after a set period of time, opens circuit 75, in connection with which the locking electromagnet J4 releases the bar 75; The latter, under the action of the spring 16, will return to its initial position and unlock the J8 m and the 7P starting pedal, as a result of which the forging machine will be ready for normal operation.

Hence, the proper action of the device takes place.

If motor 2 is idling, the current that acts on the solenoid relay 5, a few watts no iron core 4 will deflect lever 5, bring the contacts 5 closer, but the contact T) S 5 will not close, since the current strength will not be enough to overcome the force of the spring 7 that holds the lever 5.

If the forging machine has started working and the well-heated metal is fed into the machine, then the blows are reflected in the power supply network of the engine 2 and are plotted on the graph as curves d, d. If the part is not cooled, then the load current of the engine 2 will not overcome the tension of the spring 7 and, therefore, will not cause the closure of the contact pair 8.

If the metal temperature drops below the norm, then, as the graph shows (curve d, this will be reflected in the power supply network of the drive engine 2 by increasing the current above the value that relay 5, 4 is adjusted to. Last, turn on the core 4 and turn lever 5, overcomes the force of the spring 7, closes the contact pair 8, as a result, the tone P passes from the circuit 70 from the battery 70; having overcome force of the spring 75) and stop the movement of the gigabyte 18 and the starting pedal 19. Thus, the forging machine will be blocked and its start-up will not be possible.Therefore, the worker will not be able to continue forging from the metal that has cooled down below the norm and will have to cool the metal The heating time and the hot metal are taken for forging. The time delay of the relay 11 has been adjusted exactly (the time needed to replace the cooled metal with the hot metal).

after the set time has elapsed, the relay 77 opens the contact pair 72, and the current 13 disappears from the circuit, the electromagnet 14 releases the bar 75, the spring 16 sets it back to its original position and thereby unlocks the pull 18 and the starting pedal 19, so that the forging machine is ready for normal operation of heated metal.

The adjustment of the proposed device is carried out as follows: 1) after applying the forging machine to work of a certain type of part, the heated metal is taken, cooled to the set temperature, below which the forging of metal parts is not recommended; 2) the part is forged from the metal cooled to the set temperature and during the forging period the screw b adjusts the tension force of the spring 7 of the solenoid relay 3, 4 so that it closes the contact pair 8; In accordance with the tension of the spring 7, the forging machine will automatically lock. To signal that the machine is blocked, two wires are diverted from the circuit 13 to the signal lamp installed on the forging machine (not shown in Fig. 1).

If a worker sees that a signal lamp has flashed, it will mean that his car will not be put into operation and that a change in the cooled metal to a hot one is necessary.

The subject matter of the invention.

A device for blocking the forging machine, characterized in that the maximum relay 3, 4 connected to the motor circuit of the machine is so proportionate that it acts upon an overload caused by an unacceptable cooling of the workpiece, and serves to turn on the locking electromagnet 14 locking the starting pedal at such an overload in order to prevent forging of the cooled metal.

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