SU485778A1 - Plasmatron for spraying powdered materials - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of construction and is intended for melting polyvinyl coating materials.

Plasma torch designs are known for spraying powdered materials, comprising a housing with a head in which the cathode and anode of the forward channel are mounted, tubes for supplying the plasma forming and transporting gas, cables of metering the steam supply, and a keyhole for loading the working fluid.

The transportation of the powdery material and its supply to the plasma torch is carried out by the plasma-forming gas.

In such structures, the supply of powdered material to the plasma nozzle is performed by special feeders and blowers. The plasma arc is stabilized by an electromagnetic coil, which is mounted around the nlamashron body.

However, in such devices, powdered material feeders are subject to rapid wear, and pneumosuperchargers operate periodically. In addition, the known devices have a complex structure and high power consumption when the plasma arc is stabilized by an electromagnetic coil, as well as a nlama-forming gas.

The purpose of the invention is to create a plasma torch design that allows to increase its efficiency for spraying powdered (vitreous) materials, creating conditions for the continuous suction of raw materials into the plasma jet.

5 with compressed air and plasma arc stabilization by means of a plasma gas.

To do this, in the proposed design of the plasma torch concentric to the head of the housing with a gap of the mount are fitted with a sonlo, made in

0 form a tapering tip and a ring-shaped spruce-ejector forming with a cut of the head, and a receiving chamber in the form of a cylinder, then moving into a cone, with a fixed hopper, and installed in the housing

5 diaphragm with inclined holes.

The drawing shows the proposed nlammatron. It comprises a housing 1, in the back insulation cap of which 2 a tungsten cathode with a cathode holder 3 is installed.

0 In the front head 4 of the cornus anode 5 is mounted, for example, from copper. Between the rear cover and the front head there is a diaphragm 6 made of an insulating material (ebonite, porcelain) with Blindholes.

5 A plasma-forming gas (nitrogen) is introduced through tube 7 into the plasma torch, and the required voltage from the direct current source is supplied to the cathode and anode via cable 8 and 9. The transport gas (air) passes

0 between the housing 10 of the air chamber and the housing of the plasma torch to the nozzle. The air chamber is swirled behind the cover 11 and the tip 12 at the front. Air is supplied through the tube 13. To eliminate possible displacements of the axes of the air chamber and the plasmatron body, a ring 14 is installed between them with a number of holes symmetrically located relative to the axis for transporting compressed air. Conceptually, the tip of the air chamber is equipped with a new camera 15, which with a ring of the tip forms a narrow slit. The upper part of the receiving chamber through the pipe 16 is connected to the hopper 17. The entire device is placed in the handle 18.

The plasmatron for spraying powdered materials works as follows.

Excited between the end of the cathode and the upper part of the anode, the electric arc is carried by the ionizing gas introduced into the plasma torch and, passing through the nozzle channel, is rotated and compressed using a thermal and magnetic pinch effect, forming a plasma jet. When the transporting gas (air) flows out of the ejector nozzle in the receiving chamber, a vacuum is formed, by means of which the powdered material is sucked out of the hopper and the powder with air is fed into the plasma flame. The powdery material in the flare melts and, under the action of the pressure of the transporting air and the plasma arc, is sprayed onto the desired surface. The proposed design of the plasma torch in comparison with supreme similar devices allows to drastically reduce the consumption of plasma gas through the use of air as a secondary gas instead of the inert gas used in other devices, as well as to improve the operation of the arc by installing an orifice plate with rotating holes. plasma arc around the electrodes.

Subject invention

A plasma torch for spraying powdered materials, comprising a housing with a head in which the cathode and the anode of the forward channel are mounted, tubes for supplying plasma forming 1, its and transporting gas, voltage supply cables and a hopper for loading the working fluid, characterized in that In order to increase the reliability of operation, there is a nozzle in the form of a tapering tip, forming an annular slot-ejector with a cut of the head and a cylinder in the form of a cylinder then into a cone, with attached to it

a bunker, and a diaphragm with holes is installed in the housing.

17