SU47625A1 - Apparatus for enriching lumpy coal or similar materials - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to devices for enriching lump coal and sub-carbon materials based on differences in electrical conductivity using elastic contact devices that come into electrical contact with the pieces of material being processed.

The task of dividing coal into its component parts is not as simple as separating pure coal from pure rock, since a large part of the material to be separated is coal with interlayers or seams, and a block of such material can be classified as either coal or rock, so that that which comes closer to the rock is not sorted like coal, but that which contains a large proportion of good coal, ox (it is not scrupulously discarded, as in kind). This complicates the question, and further difficulties stem from Acha is not. in office blocks

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With flat surfaces and of equal size, and in the separation of pieces of irregular shape and different sizes.

To solve this problem, an enrichment device is proposed, consisting of a series of metal pallets arranged in an endless chain, moving on roller or ball bearings along appropriate guides. In some place (for example, in the middle of the length of the device) temporary support is established, arranged so that when it is in the normal position, the pallets continue to move forward, but if the temporary support is removed, the pallet or pallets pass this place, fall from one end, left hanging on the hinge at the other end, or lowered to a lower level, from which they finally hang down and unload the material on them. This chain of pallets is driven by

in motion by any suitable method at an appropriate speed, coordinated with relatively fixed elastic contact devices and with feeding devices, which will be discussed below.

The material to be sorted is fed to the pallets, one piece for each automatically, for which, in order to fix, reduce or minimize the possibility of breakdowns, an inclined cholob with a valve controlled from the solenoid is used.

On the path of the passage of the coal, a resiliently fixed elastic contact device in the form of flexible spring fingers is placed and consists of two rows of springs. One row has a horizontal opening formed by springs protruding from the lateral sides of the chain of pallets, and the other row has a vertical opening between vertically arranged springs and pallets. A group of spring fingers is connected to an electrical circuit, for example, to one terminal of a power source, preferably a low voltage, for example, 20 volts, another pole or terminal through the rest of the circuit is connected by means of a brush to the underside of the pallet in such a place that the path of electricity through the material was perhaps shorter. The resulting electrical action, in other words, potential or current, is used for sorting by means of an electrical circuit in which an amplifier is connected, for example an electronic amplifier, whose input is capable of increasing the current without a large delay, so that it acts quickly and allows proper sorting speed. The output of the amplifier is connected to the circuit by means of a relay, which in turn controls the solenoid, the retractor core of which controls the support for the pallets carrying the sorted material.

Electric and mechanical adjustments are arranged so that the current, passage through a piece of pure coal or laminated material with sufficient content, m coal, while the mechanism is feeling the piece, is insufficient for

exerting any effect on the support of the pallet, while the current, npoxof, through the rock, which is also felt, is so strong that with the help of appropriate devices the support of the pallet is removed and the pallet is tilted, i.e. one end it is lowered and dumped, for example, in a lateral trench. The mixture of almost pure coal with a layered material is then again fed to the same or to another device, where the mechanical and electrical conditions are such that almost pure coal moves forward continuously, while the layered material is removed, for example, to the aforementioned side trough. Thus, coal is divided into three parts, namely; almost pure coal, layered material and almost pure rock.

In FIG. 1 shows schematically a general view of the proposed device; FIG. 2 is a side view of the contact device shown in FIG. one; FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a sorting device showing an endless chain of pallets for moving the material to be separated; FIG. 4 is a cross-section of FIG. 3; FIG. 5, b, 7 and 8 is a schematic view of the various devices of contact devices for the application of r in two-step processing of the material to be separated; Fig. Ai 10 is a schematic side view and top view of a device for segregating two parts of a divided material; FIG. 11, 12 and 13 are the embodiments of FIG. 9 and 10.

FIG. 1-4, numeral 1 denotes a pallet constituting one link of an endless chain of such pallets, each of which is provided on one side with a roller 2, and on the other is pivotally attached to a frame part 3 having a V-shaped roller 4 moving along the longitudinal guides 5.

The roller 2 is supported by a horizontal rail 6, the removal of part of which allows the pallet 1 to rotate on the axis 7. The forward movement of the chain of pallets is provided by rotating the wheels 8, the depressions 9 of which engage the necks of 10 parts 3. The wheel 8 is driven by the driving wheel 8a and the belt W The lower curved rail 11 is arranged so as to press down the roller 2 when part 12 of the rail 6 is pulled to the right in FIG. 1 by the core 13 of the solenoid 14, and return the roller 2 to the rail 6 when the pallet 1 passes a sufficient distance to the left, as shown in FIG. 3. When the pallet 1 is tilted, due to the removal of part 12 of the rail 6, it drops the material on it into the chute 15. If part 12 is not removed, then the cargo-pallets will be successively dumped into the chute 16.

A pair of comb-shaped contact devices 17 and 18 (Figs. 1, 2), equipped with flexible contact fingers 19, 20, are positioned so that they are stationary relative to the machine’s main frame and come into contact with the sides of any piece of material 21 that will pass them on pallets 1. A second pair of comb-shaped contact devices 22, 23 with flexible fingers 24, 25 are respectively connected, one with the top of a piece of material 21, and the other with a pallet 1 and, the same, with the bottom of piece 21. The material passes past each pair of contacts as the movement of the pallet to the right, as shown in FIG. 2

The electrical connections of the device shown in FIG. 1, includes a device such as a thermal or other relay as an amplifier.

The projeodes 27 feed the solenoid 14 through the switch 28, which closes when a current of sufficient force passes through the anode circuit of the lamp 26 through the solenoid 29 to lift the relay core 30 from the position shown in the drawing to the top stop or pin 31. A pair of wires 27 feeds the primary winding 32 of transformer 33. One secondary winding 34 of this transformer excites the cathode 35 of the lamp 26, Ends, the other secondary winding 36, respectively, is connected to the anode 37 of the lamp 26 through the coil of the solenoid 29 by not grating 38 through the variable capacitor awns. The ridges 17 and 23 are interconnected as well as with the beginning of the branch of the secondary winding 36, while the ridges 22 and 18 are also interconnected with the grid 38. Passing a piece of material 21 through the contact fingers will thus change the direction of the grid 38 according to with its electrical characteristics in terms of conductivity and capacitance. For example, passing a piece of non-conductive material past the fingers may not have any effect on the potential of the lamp grid, and therefore on the anode current, so. the passage of the pallet with a piece of such material will not be interrupted. On the other hand, passing a piece of an electrically conductive material past the fingers will raise the grid potential and increase the anode current in the anodic circuit to such an extent that the solenoid 29 actuates contact 31, which, in turn, closes the switch 28ts and excites the solenoid 14 followed by removing part 12 of the rail 6 and deflecting roller 2 onto the rail 11. As a result, this causes such an overlap of the pallet that the material 21 slides off it into the chute 15.

FIG. 9 and 10 feeding devices supply the material to be separated, in separate pieces at equal intervals of time to the inclined trough 45. The latter is provided at its inlet end with a sorting device consisting of a number of contact fingers working, as already described above, in conjunction with with a lenoid device 14 in such a way that the passage of a piece of material with a specific electrical characteristic between fingers or ridges H4, .19 and 20 will excite a solenoid and transfer the flap equipped with a joint en 44 from its normal position to the position indicated by 44 at a time when active. a piece of material passes through the valve. Thus, this piece will be sent to the lower trench 16, and valve 44 will assume its normal position. If the next piece of material has the same specific characteristic as the previous one, the valve will open again and close so that it sends the second piece

; .: iF together with the first. The passage of a piece of material that has a different characteristic, for example, a much greater resistance, will not be enough to excite a solenoid, and such a piece will easily fall into the chute 15.

FIG. 11 shows a sorting device similar to that shown in FIG. 9 and 10 and differs from the latter only in that the selective valve 44 in this case opens upwards.

In the device of FIG. 12 and 13, a valve 44, controlled by a solenoid 14, serves to close one of the two side-mounted troughs 15 and 16 located next to each other.

As already mentioned, the separation of coal involves not only pure coal and pure rock, but also a known amount of laminated material, which generally consists of pieces of coal with veins or layers of passage and through it rocks. The separation process described according to fig. 1 and 2 and using two rows of perpendicular ridges, results in the separation of the coal from the rock mixture with the laminate. In order to separate the laminated material from the rock, their mixture can be returned, for which it is passed through a contact device or a comb, arranged as shown in FIG. 5-8.

In this case, the ridges are in contact with the top and bottom of the piece of material and, since in practice the layers usually run horizontally, then a piece of material 21 passes between the ridges 24, 25 and does not pass a significant current between the ridges (the tray 1 is made of electrically conductive material ) will, therefore, act and segregate like coal. But in this case, if, as shown in FIG. b, the layers go in a vertical direction, a piece of material will be electrically conductive in a vertical direction and stand out like a piece of rock. The arrangement of the ridges, as shown in FIG. 7 and 8, where the 20 and 24 ridge are both electrically insulated from the pallet 1, this flaw will fit, and any piece

layered material, regardless of whether the layers are vertically or horizontally, do not fit the conductor of the rock class and, accordingly, will be separated from the rock by a mechanical device, as indicated by a fixed elastic contact device.

Although the present invention has in mind primarily coal of the type usually manually sorted, it is not limited to a material of this size and can be used to enrich ores. Earlier, we mentioned the use of an amplifier, but if the effect is received, it is sufficient, for example, if the voltage is chosen, if the material is electrically conductive enough high enough to cause passage of a current of enough 7th to force to effect separation, then there is no need to use an amplifier.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A device for enriching lumpy coal or similar materials based on differences in electrical conductivity, using elastic contact devices that come into electrical contact with the processed material, characterized in the application for feeding the material of the pallets 1 that make up the individual links of a moving endless chain. 2. In the device according to claim 1, use for removal of electrically conductive pieces of the trigger device, leading the corresponding tray 1 to an inclined position when the electrical circuit is closed. 3. The form of the device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that, for supporting pallets, rollers 2 moving along rail 6 and transferred to | a bent rail II when the part 12 of said rail 6 is attracted to the solenoid 14. 4. Video change of the device according to claim 1, characterized by the use of supplying the material of an inclined jaw 15 (Fig. 9) or 45 (Fig. 13) with a valve 44 controlled from the solenoid 14. 5. In the device on PP. 1-4 The application of two separate devices with the location of contact fingers in one of them is parallel {6 (Fig. 5 and 6), and the other is perpendicular (Fig. 7 and 8). b .. In the device according to paragraphs. 1-5 use of a device for a thermal or other relay as an amplifier. Fip4 j to the patent ya-ts K. Ch. Apple rd and other firm , Ackt, BertleG Island No. 47625 E to the Patent K.Ch. Apple rd "Acts. Burley Island and in-NoY firms 47625