SU47350A1 - Antenna device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, in the field of radio communications and mainly referring to trunk radio communications on short waves of 12 meters and above, provides such a system for turning on the antenna and reflector according to a scheme known in radio engineering as an active reflector to enable the use of any complex antenna with a reflector for receiving simultaneously two waves (which is known in itself) coming from the input or opposite directions with a high protective effect of the antenna with a reflector on both waves, etc. high reception performance.

Telefunken systems, for example, known for multiple reception greatly reduce the reception efficiency of simultaneously received waves, due to inductive coupling between the antenna and the reflector with the feeders, and require two feeders to connect to the station building.

In the attached drawing of FIG. 1 and 2 depict electrical circuit diagrams of the device that clarify the essence of the invention.

Jantenka 1 and reflector 2 are perfectly symmetrical to the same-length Feeder J6 and J7, supplied to the feeder transformer from a double two-pole switch 3, Feeders / 5 and J9, feeder extenders or after (277)

4-4 loops included. 5-5, 6-6 with short-circuits (Iyi bridges) 20, from a parallel loop T and selective short-circuitors (or bridges) 8. Wave impedance of the feeders 18 and 19 is selected From 200 to BSO oh e depending on the type of antennas and the difference of wavelengths .

From a feeder transformer, usually located under the antenna, one connecting feeder 75 of a symmetrical type with a characteristic impedance of 200 ohms or less leads the antenna to the double input of receivers. The latter consists of constant capacitances 10 (with a capacity from 10 to 30 cm), self-inductions 9 (from 600 cm and higher depending on the wavelength) forming the primary circuit, and self-inductions 11 and variable capacity 12 (from 10 to 300 cm), . forming two secondary, series-connected contours. Symmetrically mounted short feeders go to the receiver inputs directly from the first lamps 75 and 14 of the receivers 21 and 22 from the ZALYAMS of these two circuits (Fig. 1). The receiver receives one wave and the other receiver receives the other. The basic requirement for the entire scheme is the strict symmetry of all parts. All listed parts form one double reception system.

The purpose of the details of the feeder transformer is as follows. The extensions of fuiers 4–4, 5–5 with a full length from four to half the wavelength when moving bridges 20 along the entire length of the extenders change the impedance of the feeder 19 at the connection points of the feeder 19 over wide limits. 5 can shift the currents of a single wave coming from the antenna / and reflector 2 by 180 degrees, the ratios of the active reflector required for the operating conditions, by varying their length with bridges 20. and extension feeder 4-4 moved simultaneously. Similarly, on the remaining feeder extensions. In this case, the ends of the extenders with bridges 20-20 must be isolated from each other.

If the adjustment of the active reflector with 4-4 and 5-5 extensions is done first on one wave, and then on another wave and in a shorter position of extenders 4-4 and 5-5, arrange a short circuit for one wave, the setting of which was determined during one-time operation this position of the bridge, and for a different wave, this short-circuit will represent a large resistance, the antenna will be tuned to a high protective effect on the two waves. After suspension of the selective short-cutter 8 feeder extension, only a small adjustment is required. To reduce this correction, the bridges 20 are given the same resistance as the selective bridge 8 has at a minimum.

Selectively connected capacitance 6 and self-induction 7 tuned to the current resonance for the wave at which they are high resistance can be used as selective shorting switches 8 (Fig. 2) having very small resistance on one wave and very large on the other. With a small detuning, such a circuit is some capacitive or inductive resistance, which can be compensated in series.

included, inductive or capacitive impedances 5. Therefore, the selective short circuit, also called selective bridge, shown in FIG. 2, has a very large resistance on one wave and very small on the second wave and a capacitive or inductive xapaKfep impedance in the rest of the range. With proper selection of parts of selective bridges, the ratio between the maximum and minimum resistance can be obtained more than 400, with the minimum depending on the difference of waves from 0.5 to 10 cm.

The extenders 4-4 and 5-5 with their selective 8 and simple 20 bridges adjust the antenna for a high protective effect simultaneously on the waves, but at the point of connection of the feeder / I symmetrical with respect to the extenders 4-4 and 5-5, which is obtained with a minimum of reception pure watt impedance may not be equal to the characteristic impedance of the coupling feeder 75, which is necessary to obtain a high effective signal transmission to the receiver via this coupling feeder / 5. This equating the impedance of the antenna to the feeder, required in transmitting antennas to produce a traveling wave on the feeder, and in the primary for optimum matching, is achieved by fitting out an extension of the 6-b feeder included in feeder / P and short-circuited loop 7.

It is known that on a feeder with any load at the end it is always possible to choose such a place that the suspension of a parallel loop 7 of a certain length and a certain wave resistance can transform any impedance to the value of wave resistance of the feeder / 5. In order not to look for this point on the J9 feeder, you can use it with the feeder extenders 6-6 to move it to the suspension point of the loop 7 and adjust the traveling wave. Consequently, the system of extension cable 6-7 and slip 7 provides tuning for the traveling wave in the case of an arbitrary load of the f9 feeder with movable loops 7. Using simple 20 and selective 8 bridges, this adjustment can be made at the bottom of the wave.

The feeder 15 fits into the building of the receiving station to the input, which, using a selection of settings (somewhat different from each other and from working wavelengths) of two self-induction contours // and variable capacitances / 2, is tuned to two working waves, i.e. at two waves the input impedance, reduced to the feeder 75, is equal to the impedance of the feeder / 5 and provides a running wave / 5 for the received signal.

The described scheme of the active reflector for receiving a single wave was tested by the NIIS Antenna Division on a wave antenna model in b. At the double reception, it was not yet tested, but the calculation showed that the tuning is especially convenient at close waves, which differ in length from 5% to 20%.

Settings are possible in the case of a suitable type of antennas / and 2 (for example,

multiple antenna by Khaikin and Nadenenko) for any offsets, but in this case there may be combinations of waves that will be carried out only at a certain length of extenders ranging from a quarter to half the wavelength.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. An active device with an active reflector for receiving two waves, characterized in that, in order to obtain a protective effect on the wires (8, 18), coming from the antenna. and reflector, included extenders 4, 4 v (e, 5, parallel and symmetrical with respect to the main feeder 19. 2. The form of the device according to claim 1, wherein the extenders are included in the feeder wires and form together a four-wire system. to the author's certificate of I. A. No. 47350 Dombrovsky shi yT / 7Phip1 lA No. P 18