SU472315A1 - An instrument for determining the depths of the sea - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to sonar devices and can be used in oceanology to determine the distance to the bottom and other reflective surfaces in the water column.

Instruments for determining the depths of the sea are known, namely, echo sounders, comprising a radiating and receiving vibrators connected to a recording device. A vibrator emitting ultrasonic pulses is connected to the device through a relay system, and a vibrator that receives pulses returning as acoustic echo is connected to a recording device through an amplifier. A number of ranges having a different scale are provided for recording various depths in echo sounders.

Due to the low resolution of the echo sounder, the recording of large depths is made on a larger scale in shallow water. However, the need to periodically determine the true depth, in other words, the recording phase, by measuring it on the deep-water range, especially when the bottom relief is dissected, is a great inconvenience, complicates the work and often leads to gross errors in measurement, for example, during recording breaks caused by the excitement of the pestilence, the lack of echo from the steep slopes of the bottom and other reasons.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the information obtained by accurately determining the depth of reflective surfaces.

For this, the proposed device is equipped with a write phase marker, made in the form of two quartz oscillators, connected through an amplifier with an electronic time relay, the output of which is connected to a recording device.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an instrument for determining the depths of the sea; in fig. 2 - depth recording curve.

The device contains 1 emitting and receiving 2 vibrators. The vibrator 1 through the relay system 3, and the vibrator 2 through the amplifier 4 are connected with a recording device 5, made with a highly stabilized sweep time. The write phase timer contains two quartz oscillators 6 and 7 with highly stable frequencies fi and / 2- The generators are connected via an amplifier 8 to an electronic time relay 9, the output of which is connected to a recording device 5.

The device works as follows.

The radiating vibrator 1, at regular intervals determined by the recording device 5, sends ultrasonic pulses propagating to the bottom and other reflecting surfaces in the thickness of the iodine.

for example, to sound-scattering layers. The reflected pulses return to the receiving vibrator 2, in which they are converted into electrical signals fed to the amplifier 4, and then to the recording device, where they are recorded in the form of markings giving the bottom profile line and the sound-scattering layers.

During this recording, the voltage of the highly stable frequency of the crystal oscillator 6 or 7 through the amplifier 8 phase timer and electronic time relay 9 enters the recording device and quickly changes its sweep time by a few percent. This causes on the tape recorder 5 the deviation of the depth recording curve, as a shift 5, determined by a change in the scale of the used range. The magnitude of the shift of the curve depends on the depth of the reflecting surface and for each operating range (phase) of the recording device varies within certain limits, which are calculated in advance. Thus, the phase and, consequently, the depth of the reflecting surfaces are precisely determined for each range from the known magnitude of the shift S.

FIG. Figure 3 shows an echogram sample with a record of the 5th profile of the bottom, the magnitude of which determines the phase.

For a sweep time of the recording device of 1 sec. (750 M scale), when the position of the depth curve can be moved beyond the edge of the tape, the time scale is changed by about 2% to both sides using both quartz oscillators.

The time taken to measure the depth of the reflective surface produced by the electronic time relay is determined by the maximum depth of the world ocean (11 km), the average sound speed in water (1500 m / s) and the recording length sufficient for visual assessment. The measurement time interval of the deepest water range is 40 seconds.

The described device can significantly improve the accuracy of measurements of the depth of reflective surfaces in the ocean and automate the process of determining the phase through a given one. time intervals.

Subject invention

An instrument for determining the depths of the sea, containing emitting and receiving vibrators associated with a recording device, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the information obtained by accurately determining the depth of reflection of common surfaces, it is equipped with a recording phase marker made in the form of two quartz oscillators connected through an amplifier with an electronic time relay, the output of which is connected to the mentioned recording device.

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