SU468647A1 - Catalyst for hydrogenation of organic compounds - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to the production of catalysts for the hydrohepization of organic compounds.

A known catalyst for the hydrogenation of organic compounds is a leached alloy of nickel and aluminum with the addition of 5 wt. % promoter - .media.

However, this catalyst is characterized by low activity during the hydrogenation of organic compounds.

In order to increase the catalyst activity, sodium is taken as a promoter and the catalyst contains, by weight. % Nickel 48, Aluminum 50, Sodium 2.

After grinding the fraction to a particle size of less than 0.25 mm, the resulting alloy catalyst is activated and used to hydrogenate the allyl and propargyl esters of fatty acids. The above zffir is obtained by esterifying fatty acids with the appropriate alcohols. The rate of hydrogenation of these esters in the presence of the proposed skeletal nickel-aluminum catalyst increases in time as compared with the known catalysts. Depending on the unsaturation, the esters are saturated almost completely in 3 or 9 minutes.

Example 1. Preparing 200 g of an alloy in a pre-calcined crucible with a capacity of

400 g. For this purpose, 102 g of metallic aluminum previously purified from impurities is loaded into the crucible. The crucible is immersed in a muffle furnace, heated

up to 1000-1100 ° С. After the aluminum is melted, 96 g of metallic nickel are shipped in a crucible in the form of chips. The temperature of the melt rises to 1700-1800 ° C due to the exothermic reaction between aluminum and nickel, as a result of which the nickel is completely melted. After that, the crucible with the melt is removed from the nec and cooled to about 750-800 ° C (by heat), then with constant stirring

4 g of metallic sodium are introduced into the quartz rod with small portions. The finished melt is poured into a tin pan and quickly cooled with cold water. This forms an alloy with large internal

stress and porous structure. The finished alloy is ground to a size of less than 0.25 mm and activated by leaching with 3 and 20% caustic soda. The catalyst obtained is used for the hydrohepisation of allyl and propargyl fatty acid esters.

PRI. M e p 2. Hydrogenation of allyl, propargyl fatty acid esters in solvents on skeletal catalysts is carried out in a catalytic duck.

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The experiments were carried out at room temperature, while shaking a duck (250-300 one-way rotations per minute). The amount of catalyst is taken constant — 1 ml per 0.005 g-mol of ether dissolved in 20 ml of absolute ethanol.

Comparative experiences of nickel activities4

The sodium-aluminum and nickel-copper-aluminum catalysts are conducted under identical conditions.

The results of the experiments on the hydrogenation of allyl-batch and propargyl lauric acid esters on the above catalysts are given in the table.

As can be seen from the table, the reaction of saturation of the allyl laurate occurs six times faster in the presence of a nickel-sodium-aluminum catalyst than. nickel-copper-aluminum. Propargyl laurate is hydrogenated in the presence of a nickel-sodium-aluminum catalyst 4 times faster than using nickel-copper-aluminum.

As can be seen from the above, the activity of the nickel-sodium-aluminum catalyst is four to six times more than the nickel-copper-aluminum in the hydrogenation of allyl and propargyl esters of fatty acids.

Subject invention

A catalyst for the hydrogenation of organic compounds, which is a leached alloy of nickel and aluminum with the addition of a promoter, characterized in that, in order to increase the activity of the catalyst, alkali metal — sodium is used as a promoter and the catalyst contains, by weight, %: Nickel 48, Aluminum 50, Sodium 2.