SU46135A1 - Film Negative Processing Device - Google Patents

Description

The proposed device for processing film negatives is of a spiral type, similar to the well-known device called Yavtofilm and is designed for the most popular sizes of films from 13X1000 with charging up to six coils at once, 15X3000 slg with charging up to two coils, 19X6000 p. and all intermediate sizes from 13 to 19 cm wide and no longer than 6000 cm long.

In FIG. 1 shows the winding of two films at once; FIG. 2 - a device for clamping the end of the film; FIG. 3, 3 - view of the drum when two films are wound on it; FIG. 4 is a device for shifting the rim of the drum; FIG. 5-device driver; FIG. 5, 5-- the same in sections for AB and VG; FIG. 6, b - type of tank for processing; FIG. 7 is the same for flushing; FIG. 8 and 9 view and device of the drying chamber.

Winding at the same time different across the width of the films intended for processing, is impossible. Sections of films or films shorter than 3000 r.vt may be stitched together or glued together. Films longer than 3000 and shorter than 6000 SL1 are folded together on the celluloid sides during winding in the following way. Half

(75)

the flipping film from coil 1 (Fig. 1) is manually rewound to another coil 2, moreover, arrow 3 of the lever 4 located under the rolls and oscillating on the axis 5, sliding in the cutout 6 of the bed 7, indicates the equality of the rolls. the action is not shown in the drawing spring presses the lever to the rolls of films. The position of the arrow relative to the pointer 12 can be felt in the dark with your fingers. To wind the film in two layers along the helix of the drum 8 with the axis 9, the film must be looped 10 out of the gap between the coils, secured to the drum by inserting the stick 11 into the loop, and start rotating the drum clockwise by the handle attached to the axis. The film will be wound in two layers with celluloid sides together. The length of the helix on the drum is 31 m (1 m-margin). The winding of the film, if its length is not more than 30 m, is made in a single layer by either side of the emulsion or celluloid with respect to the axis of the drum. Coils I and 2 during winding are under light brake. The drum is fastened to the shorter end of the film with a double-layered winding by lining it with two three pieces of sticky rubberized rubber.

lgnt to the longer, to its celluloid side. Mount it securely enough. The remaining longer (no more than i / u m) end is fixed by a clip (Fig. 2), which is a bent U-shaped thick wire bracket 13 with a longitudinal slit 14 into which the film 15 is inserted, cut off by an angle. With one twist of the clip to either side, the film will be attached to the clip. The excess end 16 is trimmed. Elastic bands 17, terminated with metal hooks 18, are attached to the ends of the clip. These hooks are put on the rims of the drum at any place while the film is being pulled.

The drum is (Fig. 3) a coil with an axis 9 and the disks consisting of spokes 19 and disks 20, parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis. The spokes of each disk are attached on their inner side, symmetrically one relative to the other, one spiral tape 21 of metal tape about 0.7 mm thick and 7-8 mm wide. The length of these; spirals 31 m each. At 3 mm, these spirals are inserted into the cuts of the spokes and at 4-5 mm protrude from the inner edge of the spokes. The distance between these edges of the two discs should be only 1-2 mm greater than the width taken to wind the film on the spiral, which should be kept on the spirals only with its edges. The spiral is cone-shaped and inclined to the inner edge of each knitting needle in 60. The advantage of spirals of this type over flat ribbons rolled into spirals is that it is much easier to wrap the film with an emulsion facing the drum axis, since winding is required for the film was bent by the boat 22 along its length in order to pass a narrower space between the spirals of the disks, and then, when coiled up, the film should straighten in the transverse direction 23 and thereby enter the gap between sednja turns of spirals each of the discs and at a certain tension to lie with their edges on the next pair of windings of these coils. Bending the boat in the longitudinal direction, followed by straightening in the transverse direction, is always easier to do when the emulsion faces the axis of the drum. For such winding, no special devices are required for correct winding and, with conical spirals, the film does not jump over to adjacent turns. If, however, the film is wound with an emulsion outward from the axis of the drum, the film on the helix does not correctly lay down and constantly falls. You can only wind it up using a special driver, which is required when winding in two layers. The second advantage of the conical spirals is that when the emulsion is wound in the direction of the drum axis, the emulsion does not lie on the entire plane of the spirals 4 mm wide each, as in the case of the spirals of the device, but it touches them with its edges and, therefore, on the film There can be no visible bands along the edges and, moreover, from the friction of metal spirals, scraps of the emulsion will not get into the developer. When drying the film, these edges are almost the same with the entire surface of the emulsion exposed to air and there will be no dry spots on the film. The third advantage of conical spirals is that during winding the areas of the spirals enclosed between the spokes, under the pressure of the film are somewhat fed to the side and thus contribute to the retention of the film when it, slightly increasing its length from disintegration in the working solutions, will sag. The fourth advantage comes only when there is a device for bringing the disks together. If the disks are pulled apart by 2 mm, greater than the width of the film, then the film is more easily wound, and at the end of it or during the process of development, if the discs are brought closer to these 2 ML1s, the very significant tension of the film is achieved on all turns of the helix. The main purpose of the movable disk device is to allow the same device as a whole to process films captured by various cameras, i.e. different widths from 13 to 19 cm.

The movable disk device is shown in FIG. 4, which shows that on axis 9, a sleeve 24 is screwed freely on the outside with a ring 25 that does not have a stroke along the axis. The thread 26 of the drum with the spokes goes along the thread of this sleeve. The sleeve with the spokes cannot rotate around the axis, since it has tides 27 that slide in axis 14 of the grooves 28 and when rotating the sleeve 24, the sleeve 26 and the spokes 19 are fed in the direction of the other disk with the spokes 29 without rotation around the axis 9. With the reverse rotation, the disks with the spokes 19 and 29 diverge. The same figure shows a slit stick 11c for securing the end of the film when the film starts to roll into one layer. The end of the film, cut off by an angle (Fig. 2), is inserted into the slot and one turn of this stick is given for lever 31 swinging on axis 30 and fork 32. Д: Л91 for fixing the film in two layers the stick is pulled out of ear 34 for lever 31 it should not be removed from the second abalone 35. By reverse movement, the wand is inserted into the loop of the film 10 and the spring fork 33 is inserted into the eyelet 34, and the lever 31 is thrown onto the spoke. For different sizes of film must be different lengths of sticks.

In order that the film, when winding it on a spiral, fall correctly without failures and jumps on other coils, a driver is necessary. It has the following device (Fig. No. 5). On a steel plate 35 with edges 36 and 37 curved for durability, there are two tapered rollers 38 and 39, which sit on axles 40 attached to the plate, and one spindle-shaped roller 41, which rotates freely on axes 42. To plate 35 is tight two thick wires 43 are attached, which end in a loop that is put on hook 44 (fig. 3) on a rewinding machine to hold the driver in place. Two wires 45 are tightly attached to these wires or tam 43 (the dotted line 46 represents the turns of metal spirals, and 47 one pair of drum spokes). The roller 41 is intended to prevent the film 43 from failing.

on the underlying spirals and straightened correctly. Staples 45 do not allow the film to bend with a boat and jump onto overlying spirals. The film, having gone through the brackets, straightens on the roller and walks with its edges between the two spirals of each of the disks and then lays down at points 50 (Fig. 3) on the spiral. In order to prevent the edges of the film, which run from coils 1 and 2, not to be touched by the spirals, and so that the bend could not be straightened with a boat, the film is compressed laterally by two parallel to each other circular guides.

racks 51. The bracket 7 of the coils 1 and 2, the hook 44 and the guide rods 51 are attached to the lid52 of the closure

53, which is at the same time a rewinding machine. The axis of the drum 9 lies on the bearings of the cutter box. The tapered rollers 38 (FIG. 5) rolling along a spiral like on rails serve to prevent the driver from jumping to the next turns of the spiral

and, moreover, if the drum was rotated by the handle during winding, they would reduce friction. When the winding is completed, the driver is removed from the drum, while rotating it, from the last outer turn of the helix, and is thrown to the left. At the beginning of the winding, the driver lays in the coil nearest to the axis without any obstacles, if it is carried out between the disks in an inclined position.

Tanks for processing films have a semi-tins shape (Fig. B) with bearings 54 for the drum axis 9 and are equipped with two pairs of legs 55, one pair being equipped with roles 56. The handles 57 of the tanks are folding. Rinsing tanks (2 pcs.) Are slightly larger in volume (1 pcs.) And fixed (1 pcs.) In order to place both drums in the tanks during transportation, covering smaller tanks with upside down. bottom as shown in FIG. d., and put in two closing boxes, one of which performs the role of a reeling machine and the other has larger devices for drying the film on the same drums and thus has the functions of a drying chamber.

Films are processed by transferring the drum from one tank to another. Flushing, in the case of a water supply network, is performed in one tank 58 (Fig. 7), larger in size and having an opening with a tube 59 on which a rubber hose 60 is tightly attached to drain water from the tank to the sink 67. Drum 61 sec With the film and with the removed handle inserted into this tank. One of the rims of each drum included in the kit has a notch like turbine wheels or disks on the outside. At the end of the tank opposite the tube, a flap 62 with a hose 63 and a hose 64 leading to the tap 65 of the aqueduct is attached to its edge. Hose dilzhennu come against serifs on the rim of the drum. The shield is held in place by spring-loaded legs 66. The tank is placed on any elevation 68 and the crane 65 is opened so that the drum rotates at a speed of about 30 revolutions per minute with the tank filled with water to level 69.

Washing is continued in this case for no more than 20 minutes. FIG. 8 and 9 depict a second sealing box and a film drying circuit. This box consists of two branches. In the first compartment (left in Fig. 8) a drum 70 with a film 71 is placed, rolling on its axis through an open (in the direction to the observer) door along temporarily worn wooden rails 72 with bearings for the drum axis 73 at the ends. The second (right) compartment compartment consists of the upper and lower half: at the top, an electric motor 75 is located on the brackets 74, giving at least 3000 revolutions per minute. moreover, its axis, with the help of a special sleeve 76, can be coupled with the axis of the 4-blade propeller of the fan 77 located in the circular notch 78 of the inner wooden partition. A gear 79 is attached to the fan axis, fastened to a series of gears according to the type of clockwork. The chain of these gears ends with gear 80, sitting on the long axis 81, at one end (right) of which sits the clutch 82 with the same notch inside as on the axis of the drum. A drum handle 83 may be inserted into this sleeve through the hole in the box. A sleeve 84 with a stem is engaged at the other (left) end of this axis for coupling to the axis of the drum.

If an electrical current is applied to the laboratory, the motor is engaged with. the screw and then the handle is not put on the axle. Clutch 84 engages the drum. The rotation of the fan is transmitted to the axis of the drum at a speed reduced by a factor of a hundred, i.e. the drum will do about 30 revolutions per minute. If there is no electric current in the laboratory, the electric motor disengages from the axis of the fan and a handle is inserted, rotating it at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute. the same fan power is achieved.

The upper right compartment is covered by a frame with dust filters 85. It is an air inlet.

The lower right compartment serves to pack various removable fixtures of the instrument. Before inserting the drum into place for drying the film on the left side (in relation to Fig. 8 and on the back side to Fig. 9), the air outlet 86 must be opened. During transport, it is closed by two doors 87, each almost identical in size with one sector enclosed between two adjacent spokes of a drum disk. The doors will be pivoted inside the crate and flung open to the sides in contact with the wall, held in this position by a special iron bar, which also closes them during transportation. The purpose of these doors is to prevent air from escaping from the side opening 86 compartment (Fig. 9). So that the air does not come out from underneath, from under the drum, serves wood prefix 88. There is only a small gap between the doors and the spokes of the drum, as well as between the console and the drum rim, through which, of course, air will pass, but to an insignificant degree. Before inserting the drum into the drying compartment, it should be placed axially with the handle upward, stand for 1-2 minutes in this position and, in order to pry out excess water, lightly strike the axle to the floor several times. The handle is then removed, the drum rolls back into place and the left half 89 of the box lid is folded down (Fig. 8) to the observer, closed, and the engine is then floated. The right half of the lid is held on the folding strut 90 (Fig. 9). Drying should be on the table or on the empty box.

The drying method in this device is as follows: 1) a possible amount of air must be supplied to the layer (without artificial heating), which requires a powerful fan; in order to extract as much water as possible from the interlayer between the celluloid sides of the film with a two-layer winding, it is necessary to create pressure in the left compartment, and even better pulsation of this pressure. This pulsation is created by passing the spokes of a drum near the doors; then the pressure increases and, when the spokes only embrace the doors, but do not resist them, and therefore the air finds a free exit, the pressure drops. This moment is very brief and air consumption is negligible. The layers of the film, due to the pulsation, are pressed to each other by the celluloid sides and squeeze out the moisture in the droplet-liquid form, 3) it is necessary that the air be used as fully as possible, but for this it should only go out of the film turns, 4) it is necessary that the air flowed not only across the coils, but also along them to dry the edges of the film underneath the spirals. This is also achieved particularly well on the sides of the drum (the movement of air is shown in Figs. 8 and 9 with dashed arrows), 5) for uniform drying of the bed layer, it is assumed that the moisture remaining in the interlayer between the celluloid sides should evaporate and cool in these places. layer and thus delayed drying. This, in this case, should not occur, since spirals with a slope protect almost capillary space between the celluloid sides from blowing in air.

In the case of film drying, a humidifier is placed on the filter, consisting of a wooden frame with tensioned several times separated from each other.

a rare canvas dipped in water. Dry gelatin greedily absorbs moisture and in 5-7 minutes the layer will take the necessary amount of it. ;

Winding the film in two layers requires wiping both celluloid sides, which is achieved by inserting at this time into the groove 91 (Fig. 9) a group of rollers on the bracket. These rollers, as well as the door (of the two halves) are retracted, are depicted somewhat below the bottom drawer of the box. The roller group consists of a wood roller 92 with a longitudinal kerf in the middle for inserting a piece of absorbent wafer cloth (toweling) into it, the fabric being inserted to the middle of its length and not being fixed.

When the roller is rotated by the flexible shaft 93, the two ends of the fabric protruding from the slot slit around it and wipe the celluloid sides of both planks 94 and 95, with the film 94 going under two more smooth rollers 96 and 97, pressing it against the wiping roller. Having passed both ends of the film through the wiper, they should be mounted on the 9S reels, the bracket of which is pushed into the grooves, as is the wiping roller. These coils are of simple construction with pulleys of unequal diameters through which a round belt is slung with an intersection. By rotating the coil with a large pulley by the handle, the coil with a smaller pulley makes several more revolutions and the film winding on the second coil cannot sag, and with more tension than it should, the belt slides along the pulley. Thus, rotating only one handle, one can wind the film on two coils at once. It is necessary to observe whether the cellulose side is well wiped and whether there is moisture on it, and if such is noticed, it is necessary to wipe these places with a tampon gauze. During winding the film, the motor should work, but the drum must be disengaged from the axis 81 and gear 80 by means of the sleeve 84. The loop of the film 10 (Fig. 1) is released from the stick P by removing the stick through the outlet 8G. The same loop is removed to the left side (Fig. 8) and from the wiping roller. The tension of the coil belt is loosened and the film is rewound onto one coil, from which it is removed to the side by a whole roll by reverse turning the coil roller. The discs of these coils are removable.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A device for processing film negatives, consisting of reels for winding films on them in a spiral, several processing tanks and a drying chamber, characterized in that in order to process a film wound on a drum either in one layer or in two layers with celluloid sides together, as well as films of different widths, spiral ribbons 21 are attached to the spokes 19 of each disk 20 of the drum; they are tapered with an inclination of 60 ° to the inner edge of the spokes, and a turning screw is used to change the distance between the disks sleeve 24 on the drum axle 9 and the sleeve 26, fastened to one of the reel discs (FIGS. 3, 4). 2. In the device of Claim 1, a device for winding two films on a drum, consisting of a lever 4, supporting coils 1, 2 with films and swinging on a spring-loaded axis 5, sliding in slot 6 of frame 7 (Fig. 1). 3. In the device according to claim 1, use for fastening a film on the drum consisting of a wire clip 13 with a longitudinal slit 14, and with elastic bands 17 with hooks 18 for putting them on the drum rim when the film is pulled (Fig. 2). 4. When using the device according to claim 1, a driver is used to properly wind the film on the turns of the spiral tapes 21 and consisting of a plate 35 with rollers 38, 39, guide brackets 45, 45 and a roller 41 intended for straightening the film bent in the form of a boat by means of sliding guide racks 51 (Fig. 3 and 5). 5. When using the device according to claim 1, applying semi-cylindrical rinsing tanks, and to flush the drum during rinsing, one of the rims of the drum is provided with notches and there is a hose 63 of hose 64 connected to 65 of the aqueduct above them (Fig. B and 7) . 6. When using the device according to claim 1, the use of a drying chamber, made in the form of a capping box and equipped with a fan 77, rotated by an electric motor 75, a dust filter 85, a hole 86, doors 87 and a folding strut 90 (Fig. 8 and 9) . 7. When the device according to paragraphs. 1 and b use a device used to wipe the celluloid sides of the films when two films are lubricated at once and consisting of a roller 92 with a longitudinal cut to secure the fabric and smooth pressure rollers 96 and 97, the roller 92 being driven from the electric motor by a flexible shaft 93 (Fig. 8 and 9). A ui 41 : ; v5 i x-A: .. five I --./-.У.ТУ- ГЧУ X / fig L l lz y- K-TZ 91 ff / 5 ;;