SU46056A1 - Photoelectric transfer device to remote compasses, altimeters and similar devices - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to photoelectric transfer devices to remote compasses, altimeters and the like, comprising a radial slit between a light source and a photocell connected to one of the branches of the Whitson bridge, somehow the magnetic system of the barometric box, etc.

In the proposed device, a counter, included in the neutral wire of the bridge, is used to turn the follower disk located under the main disk with a triangular window designed to change the slot length when the main disk is rotated.

In the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of a photoelectric transfer device as applied to a remote compass; FIG. 2 is a top view of the main compass disk; FIG. 3-scheme of the photocell; FIG. 4-view photoelectric transfer device as applied to the altimeter; FIG. 5 is a vertical section of it; FIG. b - top view of the main altimeter disk; FIG. 7 is a circuit for including an altimeter photo cell.

Photoelectric gear

The device shown in FIG. 1-3, is intended for a remote compass, operating 1o on the principle of a tracking device and the readings of which are transmitted to the repeater or control devices.

The device consists of a card reader - a main disk / compass with a parabolic mirror 2 above it and a light source 3, which gives a beam of parallel rays directed perpendicularly to the plane of the main disk. Under the main disk / there is a tracking disk 4, the axis of which, like the axis of the main disk, rests on one of the transparent (glass) disks 5. The main disk 7, as well as the next disk 4, are opaque, but there is radial slit L, and in the disk 4-triangular window 8. When. the fixed position of the disk / slit A crosses window B in the middle.

Under the disk 5 there is a conical mirror 6, which rejects the rays passing through the slot A and the window B to the centrally located photocell F. With such a device, no matter what position the slot A is, the rays of light passing through it will always fall on photocell F.

The following disk 4 is provided at its periphery with teeth, which it engages with the gear 7 of the electric

counter 6. The photocell is included in one of the four branches of the Wheatstone bridge (Fig. 3), the neutral wire of which includes a counter 8, scenes with the disk 4, and also a counter 9, which couples with the repeater disk or the control.

The operation of the instrument is as follows. The Wheatstone bridge is configured in such a way that when the slot A is in the middle of window B, the photocell resistance balances all the other three branches, and there is no current in the neutral wire, so the meters are inactive. Both disks / and - and therefore the repeater disk are fixed.

If the compass main disk 7 now rotates, for example, to the right, the size of slot A will increase, and a current will flow through the neural wire, causing counters 5 and P to move, which will rotate their discs until slot A decreases again. to the former sizes. The more the card-disk turns relative to disk 4, the more current will flow through the neutral wire and the faster the counters 8 and 9 will work. If the card turns in the opposite direction, for example, to the left, the gap A will decrease and the current will be neutral. the wire will flow in the opposite direction. Counters 3 and 9 will work in the opposite direction and, accordingly, both the disks 4 and the repeater disks will rotate.

Due to the high sensitivity of the photocell and the bridge circuit, the device can act very precisely. A battery can be used to power the circuit, but it can also be powered by high-frequency alternating current so that currents in the neutral wire may be energized before they are powered by meters.

FIG. Figures 4 and 5 show the application of the described device to an altimeter, which automatically indicates the deviation of the arrow on the scale, the speed with which the stratostat, balloon or airplane or, finally, the airship changes its height, i.e., it rises or falls, zi with a change in barometric altitude. An altimeter adapted for elevation, for example, up to 30 km, transmits by means of a gear a movement to the main disk, photoelectrically connected to the next disk, and the current that causes the latter to move produces a deflection of the arrow of the galvanometer, graduated in units of velocity.

In this case, it is necessary to take into account that the value of barometric pressure varies with respect to the non-linear height, so that the device must be provided with a special device that takes this circumstance into account.

The altimeter chamber JO is connected by tube 72 to the ambient atmosphere. The concave wavy bottom 77 of this chamber is facing the inside of the room where atmospheric pressure is artificially maintained. In the center of the bottom 77, a rack-shaped rack 75 is fastened, engaging with a gear} 4, one full turn of which corresponds to a change in barometric pressure during a rise, for example, by 30 km. On the gear axis J4 sits a shaped disk 75, on which the end of the lever 76 rests. The shape of the outline of the disk 75 is chosen so that the movements of the end of the lever / 6 are proportional to the linear changes in the height of the device above ground level. The other end of the lever J6 has a gear segment of the toothed segment 17 that engages with the gear} 8. which by means of further gearing 7P, 20, 21 transfers the rotation to the main disk 22, which tightens the light spring 23. The latter serves to ensure that the teeth of the entire gear are always pressed in one direction to avoid backlash.

The main disk 22 is placed under the glass disk 24 and above the same disk 25 under which the follower is located. the disk 28, resting with its axis on the glass disk 29. In the disk 22 there is a radial slot 57 (Fig. 6), and in the disk a 28-triangular window 52, intersected in the initial position

slit 31, just in the middle, and the value of the free segment of the slit 5 / is equal to av. A parabolic mirror 26 is placed above the upper disk 24, which directs a parallel beam of rays from the light source 27 perpendicular to the surface of the disk, and a conical mirror 30 is located below the lower disk 29, which guides the beam of rays through the segment 5 / beam onto the centrally located photocell F .

Photocell F constitutes one of the four branches of the Wheatstone bridge (Fig. 4), which is balanced at the indicated initial position of the disks, so that no current flows through its neutral wire. An electric meter 34 is turned on to the neutral wire of the bridge, rotating the follower disk 28 with the help of gear 33.

In addition to the counter 34, a galvanometer 35 is included in the neutral wire, the scale of which is graduated in units of speed, for example, in m1sec. Transmission 13-22 is selected in such a way that one meter of elevation corresponds to the angular displacement of the disc by 0.3 mm displacement of the slit 57.

The action of the device is as follows. Assume that the stratostatus rises upward at a constant speed, for example. 2 MJceK. The resulting change in barometric pressure causes the disk 22 to rotate at some constant speed from left to right. Due to this, the slit 31 shifts from the middle position on the window 32, and the segment ab is reduced. The illumination of the photocell decreases accordingly, the bridge equilibrium is disturbed and a current flows through the neutral wire, causing the movement of the counter 34, so that the disk 28 starts to overtake the disk 22. But as the disk 22 moves at a constant speed, the disk 28 follows He is at the same speed, for which he must be supplied with a certain amperage, and this in turn causes a certain disc, corresponding to the speed of movement of the disks, lagging the disk 28 from the disk 22.

This lag will give a definite indication on a galvanometer, which

with appropriate graduation, the temper is 2 meters per second. Any change in the speed of movement of the disk 22 will result in the same change in the speed of the follower disk 28, and consequently the magnitude of its lag and, therefore, the reading of the galvanometer.

When the stratostat is lowered, the value of the segment AB increases, the current in the neutral wire of the bridge flows in the opposite direction, and the counter is rotated back. The galvanometer indicates the deviation of the arrow from the middle zero position in the opposite direction.

The meter and galvanometer can be powered either directly from battery B or with the help of an amplifier. The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. Photoelectric transfer device to remote compasses, altimeters and similar devices, comprising a rotary disk with a radical gap, articulated by means of a transfer with a receiving organ, such as a magnetic system, barometric box or the like, and placed between the light source and the photocell included in one of the branches of the Wheatstone bridge, characterized in that the neutral wire includes a counter 8 (Fig. 3) or 34 (Fig. 7), which serves to rotate the one located under the main disk disk 4 (fig. 1) or 28 (fig. 5) with a triangular window designed to change the length of the slit when the main disk is rotated. 2. In the device according to claim 1, use a parabolic mirror over the main disk / (Fig. 1) or 26 (Fig. 5) to direct a beam of rays, perpendicular to its surface, and a conical mirror 6 (Fig. 1) to it or 30 (Fig. 5) under the following disk 4 (Fig. 1) or 28 (Fig. 5) for directing the beam of rays to the centrally located photocell F. 3. When the device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, in the case of using it for altimegr, using disk 75 (FIG. 4) with a contoured shape to transform non-linear changes barometric pressure in linear changes in altitude above ground level. Fig