SU4537A1 - Electrical engine - Google Patents

Description

with a pulley coupling, - pulley or teeth. In the frame there are 14 openings that serve to ventilate the coil of electromagnets and closed grids (the grids in drawing e are indicated), as well as the screw 15 for lifting the engine with a wound or other adaptation. All electromagnets are provided with polar shoes 16, which are attached to the rods of electromagnets and connected between shaped copper or isp | P | P 6% 1My plates 17 and faceplates 18 and 19. All coils of electromagnets are connected in twelve pieces, with twelve pieces wires from stationary electromagnets, in this case 20, 21, 22 and 23, are connected in parallel to the mains of the power supply machine directly (fig. 5), and wires from rotating electromagnets 24, 25 and 26 are connected to plates of the switch 27, the current in which comes from set through brushes 28 are attached via the ring holders 29, 30; The wires from the brushes are also connected to the supply line in parallel. The switch consists of three parts K, L M; Each part with a pair of brushes serves six series-connected electromagnets. There are twelve plates in each part of the switch, i.e. six plates on each end of the wire. Attaching wires to the plates can be seen from the scheme, according to fit. 5. Engine action is based on principle; The like poles of electromagnets are repelled, and the opposite poles attract, and also the fact that most of the electrical energy is transmitted around a conductor carrying current, for disposal of which better conductive medium than air is used, in this case iron of the electromagnet. Current T10 to wires 20, 21, 22 and 23 enters the windings of stationary electromagnets D and through wires 24, 25 and 26 through brushes and switch plates into windings of rotating electromagnets C. Due to the location of the poles according to FIG. 5, the electromagnets under the action of the force of attraction and repulsion will set in motion in the direction indicated by the arrow, due to the fact that in rotating electromagnets the shoes are made in such a way as to form a leading angle, i.e. have dimensions somewhat larger than those of stationary electromagnets and directed towards rotation, due to which a continuous magnetic circuit of almost one resistance is obtained during the whole time of the machine operation, as well as rotation in the above direction. In view of the fact that the rotating electromagnets are displaced relative to the stationary electromagnets by 20 ° and between themselves by 10 °, in accordance with what the switch is made, the engine works evenly, since the dead points occur only in any one series of rotating electromagnets. The electromagnets, the other two, lead her out of the dead position, being one at 20 ° and the other at 10 ° relative to the stationary electromagnets. Thus, electromagnets equipped with pole shoes are divided into three groups R, S, T (Fig. 1), shifted with respect to each other at an angle of 10 ° and fed, each, from their switch. In addition, the rotating electromagnets themselves, which themselves represent a considerable mass, and, consequently, possess an appropriate inertial force, also contribute to the uniform motion of the engine. Due to the above, each series of rotating electromagnets will be subjected to the force of attraction to the subsequent stationary electromagnet and repel from the previous one, except for a short period of time during the change of current direction in the switch (brushes on the insulation), and each time

i g polarity in rotating electromagnets, i.e. during one rotation of the shaft, twelve cycles of magnetization reversal in rotating electromagnets will occur.

Thus, the rotating electromagnets, when moving, will reach the dead center for the middle electromagnets, and at this moment the current in the switch will change its direction and remagnetize the poles of the electromagnets, resulting in a continuous rotation of the electromagnets, and with them the shaft. In stationary electromagnets, the current does not change its direction, and their polarity remains unchanged.

The material for the manufacture of the bed can be cast iron with the lowest possible magnetic permeability, but it is better to use bronze in order to avoid the loss of dispersion of magnetic field lines. For cores and shoes, an electromagnitic alloy of iron with nickel is used as a region, which gives a significant magnetic permeability, compared to ordinary iron; the permeability of this alloy even exceeds the permeability of iron several times. The winding of the electromagnet, as viewed by the motor, may be paper wrapped in several layers (depending on the voltage), and may be refractory. The remaining parts of the engine can be done in the same way as they are done with electric cars.

In the proposed engine, each electromagnet is self-contained, magnetically not coupled to other parts of the engine, and forms a magnetic circuit only with another electromagnet in known positions, such as in FIG. 6-electromagnet a with electromagnets b and c with electromagnets and and in FIG. 7-electromagnet A with electromagnets B. Electromagnets are so designed to a magnetic circuit; with each cycle of magnetization and movement of the rotating

an electromagnet from one stationary electromagnet to another, made up of one pair of electromagnets, and BM no longer depended on anything (magnetic circuit of the same resistance); whenever possible, these electromagnets are isolated from the base and other parts of the engine.

According to FIG. 6 and 7 it is possible to judge the purpose of forming the lead angle. Do not be an extension (angle /), then the resistance of the magnetic circuit would sharply change due to the large gap of air each time. This can be avoided by lengthening the pole shoe in the direction of rotation, since it is easier for magnetic field lines to travel along a long path through iron than through a shorter one through a layer of air. This is achieved by lengthening the e pole shoe. Therefore, the electromagnet will rotate in the direction of elongation, since on this side it is affected by attraction, and on the opposite side repulsion, and besides, a pair of electromagnets a and b constitute a magnetic circuit, therefore rushing so that the magnetic flux passing through them was the greatest, as a result of which the moving electromagnets start moving and stop only at that moment (in fact they do not stop, but pass by inertia further) when the axes of the cores coincide, but at this Moment close position to the next nepodvizhngm electromagnet and current measurable nits in their direction .vraschayuschihs electromagnets, pole peremagnit ton again nachnets the same process. During the magnetization reversal of the poles, the other stationary electromagnets L and L are rotating, in a dead position, and the following, which can attract them (i.e., rotating electromagnets), are separated by a large layer of air and c, and therefore are powerless to do so besides, they are not at this time

magnetic circuit with other electromagnets, and therefore their strength decreases.

The method of fastening the pole shoes is visible from FIG. 8-10 with the following designations: a and b - copper or bismuth plates, c-partitions connecting the main parts of the plate, n-surfaces of the shoes. The entire plate is cast together with the partition and then processed and fitted to the shoes with screwed to them with screws k (they do not fall into the section in Fig. 8). After assembly and bonding, the surfaces of the shoes are machined with the plates. These plates 17 are located only at the central poles, while the lateral (Fig. 1) have shaped discs 18 and 19. If you cut all the bonding of fig. 9 along the line mh, then a forms the hatched surface, and the gap between the ribs Z in the section of FIG. 8 will give two arc-shaped lines. The thick solid lines in FIG. Figure 9 shows the bonding of rotating electromagnets with bands that are inserted into the grooves machined in the shoes and plates. In stationary electromagnets, these retaining fasteners are not required. In figures 8 and 9, in order not to darken the drawing, the projections of the coils are not indicated.

To eliminate the harmful effects of self-induction in AC circuits, it is possible to turn on capacitors and, thus, neutralize these effects of self-induction, which are manifested in current and voltage phase displacement, as well as in sparking. By including a capacitor and a resistance in the circuit of the rotating electromagnets, the corresponding results can be obtained. According to FIG. 11, the capacitor k and the resistance R are connected in series with the rotating electromagnets M. This switching is carried out with the help of slip rings 1, 2, 3, 4 mounted on the motor shaft, and brushes 5, 6, 7 and 8 reinforced

in the respective brush holders.

According to FIG. 12, the capacitor k is connected to the branches of the resistance R, which is itself connected in series with the electromagnets M.

According to FIG. 13, the capacitor k and the resistance R are connected in parallel with the electromagnets M, and the capacitor k is connected to the resistance branch R. FIG. 13 is a reduced contour cut along the abed line of Figure 12, with the rest of the details, such as slip rings, commutator, etc., in view of their identity, are not indicated.

The subject of the patent.

1. An electric motor consisting of two magnetically-connected horseshoe-shaped electromagnet systems not magnetically connected to the engine bed — one stationary and the other rotating, powered by direct current from an external source of electrical energy, of which the second rotating system is connected to the energy source through a switch, changing, during rotation, the direction of the current in the electromagnets, characterized by the fact that electromagnets, equipped with polemasks (Fig. 6 and 7), having a circumference of the engine, greater than half of the polar space, divided into three groups R, S, T, shifted relative to each other at an angle of 10 ° and fed, each from its switch, of which one R is assembled, like a rotor and a stator of conventional machines, so the axes of electromagnets directed perpendicularly to the axis of the shaft, the other two groups 5 and G, located on both sides of the first, are assembled on disks perpendicular to the axis of the shaft so that the axes of these electromagnets are directed parallel to the axis of the shaft and are circumferentially concentric with the shaft (FIG. 1, 6 and 7),

2. In the electric motor described in paragraph 1, the use of a bed made of bronze or another non-ferromagnetic material and consisting of three screwed parts - one central and two side parts.

3.B described in pp. 1 and 2. electric motor application: a) copper or bismuth plates (17 in fig. 2, a and b in fig. 8 and 9) connecting together into a common wheel average

a group of electromagnets, and b) copper ones, with notches for pole shoes, discs that fasten two side groups of electromagnets.

4. As described in clauses 1--3 electric motor application of a capacitor (C and resistance), connected between themselves in series or in parallel and connected in series or in parallel to the circuit of electromagnets W (Fig. II, 12 and 13).

FIG. eight

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