SU440241A1 - Automated line for wheels - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the processing of pressure and can be used in the manufacture of solid-rolled railway wheels for cars, electric locomotives and diesel locomotives with different outer diameters.

A known automatic production line for the manufacture of wheels comprising interconnected inter-vehicle vehicles, an annular heating furnace with machines for loading and unloading blanks, a descaling hydrodynamic chamber, a sedimentary press, a piercing press, a ring-rolling mill and a bending press equipped with work tables. The location of the technological equipment in the well-known line, as well as the combination of several technological operations on separate units and the absence of a machine for re-watering scale, inhibits the productivity of the wheel production process, and also reduces the accuracy and quality of rolled wheels.

The described automatic line allows the performance of the famous line to be increased by 80%, the quality and accuracy of the wheels, and metal savings. This is achieved by the fact that it is equipped with a re-waterblow chamber installed behind the sedimentary press and mounted behind the last stamping and calibration gauge. a molding press, and the piercing and bending presses are combined into one press installed behind the ring-rolling mill, while the press tables are turned at right angles to the direction of the process flow. The line is equipped with a hydraulic pressure multiplier connected to a molding press.

The drawing shows the described line, General view.

It contains the technological equipment placed in series with the technological process, which includes a rotary hearth heating furnace 1, equipped with a loading 2 and unloading 3 machines, a chamber 4 of descaler, a hydraulic sediment press 5, equipped with corrugated plates for mechanical cracking of the scale, a chamber 6 descaler, hydraulic punching and sizing press 7 with floating calibration ring for calibrating the workpiece on the outer surface, hydraulically-driven molding press 8, equipped with a centering device for centering the workpiece in the chip on the press axis on the outer calibrated surface, hydraulic pressure multiplier 9 connected to the hydraulic system of the molding and press 8, wheel rolling roller mill 10, equipped with non-moving

carriage inclined and pressure rolls and moving in the horizontal plane with the main rollers, providing rolling of the workpiece in the horizontal plane. The mill is equipped with mechanisms for the task and delivery of blanks, made in the form of tong-and-held grippers 11 and 12, placed on the bar to the rotating brackets. In addition, the automatic flow line has a hydraulic piercing-bending press 13 and a clamper 14.

The presses 5, 7, 8 and 13 are equipped with non-moving lines during the operation of the tables carrying one working die, and placed in a line so that their tables are turned relative to the flow direction by 90 °. The tables can be moved, for example, when replacing or repairing the stamps.

All units of the line that are part of the process equipment are interconnected by an interoperational transport system, made in the form of a roller table with ribbed rollers, consisting of separate drive sections 15-21. Above the end sections of sections 16-21 of the roller table are placed the mechanisms for loading and unloading billets: tipper 22, tidy 23, feed tipper 24, tidy 25, feeder 26, retractor 27, tipper 28, retractor 29. All transfer machines are equipped with tick clamps. The sections of the roller table in the areas between the main aggregates of the line perform the functions of intermediate drives, which ensures a stable periodicity of the delivery of products to the production line.

The workpiece along the drive section 15 of the roller table is fed to the loading position, where the loading machine 2 is set into the annular heating furnace 1. At the end of the heating cycle, the billet is unloaded by the machine 3 from the furnace 1 and installed on the section 16 of the roller table, which feeds the workpiece into the descaler 4. Having knocked down the dross in chamber 4, it is carried out by jets of water under high pressure (160-200 kg / cm) with slow motion of the billet through section 16 of the roller table. After knocking down the easily separable scale, section 16 of the roller table transports the billet in the direction of flow to the first press. At the end section of section 16 of the roller table, the centering device 22 removes the billet from the roller table using tick-borne grippers and feeds it directly into the working space of the press 5, simultaneously centering it in the stamp on the press axis, and then goes beyond the size of the press to its original position. Press 5 makes a working stroke, during which the workpiece is precipitated by corrugated plates, when this occurs, the preliminary deformation and cracking of the hard-to-remove scale on

the entire surface of the workpiece. After precipitation of the workpiece, the movable traverse of the press rises, the ejector lifts the workpiece over the punch, and the retractor 23 enters the working space of the press and with the help of tongs grips the workpiece on the rotating rollers of the section 17 of the roller table. The press table 5 remains stationary during the operation of the line. Its movement can be carried out only for quick replacement of the stamp when the last one fails. Section 17 of the roller table transports the billet into the chamber 6 of the water-re-descaling of the scale, where the scale cracked on the press 5 is removed from the surface of the billet with high-pressure water. With further movement in the last section of section 17 of the roller table, the peeler-centerer 22 removes the roller table billet and feeds into the working space of the press 7 on the stamp, simultaneously its centering on the axis of the press. The press 7 performs the stamping and calibration of the workpiece on the outer surface of the floating calibration ring. After the end of the working cycle, the movable yoke of the press 7 rises, the billet is removed from the ring by the press pusher, after which the shifter 25 lays the billet onto the rotating rollers of the section 18 of the roller table. The press table 7 also remains stationary during the operation of the line.

Section 18 of the roller conveyor transports the workpiece in the direction of flow. In the last section of the section 18 of the roller table, the shifter 26 removes the billet from the roller table and feeds it into the working space of the molding press 8. The molding press 8 is equipped with a special centering device that centers the billet on the press axis in the stamp on the outer calibrated surface, after which the press performs the billet molding. At the end of the working cycle and the lifting of the movable crosspiece of the press 8, the workpiece rises above the punch of the pusher; the clamp grippers of the transfer machine 27 remove the workpiece from the press and stack it on the rollers of the section 19 of the roller table.

The molding press 8 is equipped with a multiplier 9, which increases its capacity when processing large wheels. The blank is also formed in the molding press with a fixed table in one chip. Section 19 of the roller table transports the billet to the wheel rolling mill 10. In the last section of the section, the billet is removed from the roller table by a tick-borne gripper 11 of the task mechanism and is set in the mill rolls in a horizontal position (without re-shaping). The blank rolled up on the mill 10 by the tick-borne gripper 12 of the dispensing mechanism is unloaded onto the section 20 of the roller table, which transports it in the direction of flow. In the last section of section 20, the baler 28 takes the workpiece from the roller table and delivers

The working space of the press 13, while also centering it in a stamp on the axis of the press.

In the press 13, the disk is flexed and the wheel rim is calibrated, as well as the central hole in the wheel hub is pierced (with the die closed). The press table also remains stationary during the operation of the line. After the end of the firmware, the movable traverse of the press 13 rises, the wheel is pushed out of the punch with the help of the ejector and the retractor 29 places the wheel on the section 21 of the roller table, which transports it to the dwarf 14. The clapper 14 applies a stamp to the rim of the wheel. This cycle ends the hot processing of the wheel, and the wheel is transferred with the help of vehicles to perform the following, their technological operations. The control of the automated flow line is dried from special control stations.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. An automatic production line for the manufacture of wheels, containing an annular heating furnace connected with each other by interoperational vehicles with machines for loading and unloading blanks, a descaling hydroscale chamber, a sedimentary press, piercing press, ring rolling mill and bending press equipped with work tables, in order to increase productivity, improve the accuracy and quality of the wheel, as well as metal saving, it is equipped with a re-watering chamber mounted behind a sedimentary press and mounted behind a forming-calibration and molding presses, and piercing and bending presses are combined in one press installed behind a ring rolling mill, while the tables of the presses are rotated at right angles to the direction of the process flow . 2. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a hydraulic pressure multiplier associated with a molding press. 25