SU434642A3 - THE DEVICE FOR COMPENSATION OF ERRORS IN THE PROCESSING OF THE PROFILE OF THE TOOTHE TEETH WHEELS OF SETTINGS WORKING ON THE METHOD OF UNIFORM DRAWING - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to gear grinding machines.

When grinding the tooth profile of gears with a single division, the profile of the cavity between the teeth is polished with simultaneous movement of the workpiece and the tool relative to each other. After the completion of the grinding profile of the first cavity between the teeth, a division occurs for the second cavity and so on - until the gear blank completes a full turn relative to the grinding wheel. The grinding process of the gearing by the method of machining individual elements by rolling begins, thus, the profiles of the first cavity of the teeth are terminated by grinding the profiles of the last cavity between the teeth, while the process of grinding usually takes a long time.

During this grinding process, erroneous static displacements appear between the grinding wheel (or the fixture for setting and fixing the grinding wheel in it) and the gear blank (or the fixture for fixing and fixing the gear in it), which

primarily due to temperature deformations. These displacements when measuring the gear of the toothed wheel from one cavity between the teeth to the other depression are barely

they are distinguishable, since the errors caused by the action of this factor are less than the accuracy of measuring the measuring devices, as well as less than the dispersion values caused by the grinding process and the machine. However, due to their summation, they give

the result is a relatively large gap when

dividing between the last ground and nerve teeth on the gear blank.

To reduce these effects, it is known

it is possible to measure the gear of the gear after the grinding process has been completed and to reduce possible errors found by using an additional grinding process. This method, however, requires a lot of material costs and a lot of extra time.

Error compensation devices are known that are connected to a worm gear drive, carrying out the running-in motion to correct the movement of the device used to set and fix the workpiece in it, and the corresponding value of the correction value is determined by measuring the error of the worm drive.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the error resulting from the division between the last and the first grinding teeth of the gear workpiece.

This is achieved by the fact that the measuring device is in engagement with the grinding tool or, respectively, the tool carrier and the gear and the workpiece carrier, and the output of the measuring device is connected to the input of the calculating device equipped with a storage unit. This output of the calculating device is connected to a servo-drive connected to the rolling-in motion of the workpiece through a differential mechanism.

FIG. 1 schematically depicts a slide that serves to fasten a workpiece on a machine designed to grind an orofil tooth, with the measuring device located in the machine bed, and the drive elements of the longitudinal slide of the caliper, as well as the control device are shown in a simplified form; on f | ig. 2 is the same, top view, with a different position of the sled, serving for securing the workpiece (drive elements and control devices are operating); in fig. 3 - the same, in, id from above, with the measuring device adjoining the slide, which serves for securing the workpiece (the drive elements and control devices are omitted); in fig. 4 is the same, top view, with a measuring device located in the machine bed and intended to change the position of the grinding tool and sled used to secure the workpiece (drive elements and control devices are omitted).

On the machine bed, not shown in the drawing, intended for grinding the tooth profile, in the guides 1, the workpieces 2, which are used for fixing the workpieces, are installed in the guides 1 and have the ability to move. These slides carry a round table (not shown in the drawing) serving for receiving the workpiece of the gear wheel 3, which is to be ground. Between the teeth of this workpiece there are two depressions a and b, the profiles of the depression b between the teeth, and an offset during the grinding process (the position of this depression without errors is shown in the drawing as a densely shaded area).

The slides 2, which serve to secure the workpiece, including the round table, receive their movement from the drive, which is made in the following way. A nut 4 is fastened to the side of the slide 2, into the screw thread of which the shaft 5 with screw thread enters, located in the frame of the machine designed to grind the nrofil of the teeth so that it cannot mix in the axial direction and

associated with (or several) drives 6 with variable gear wheels. With the help of a drive b with variable gears, a motion L can be obtained to perform the running-in process. Further, this drive is connected with a differential drive 7, which is made in the form of a planetary gear, and on the drive shaft of which, on the slide 2, is located.

the direction along the axis of the worms is to 8, which can shift. The worm to 8 is in gear with the worm wheel 9, which is attached to the round table of the fat, not shown in the drawing.

On the grinding headstock 10 is mounted a grinding wheel 11, which has the shape of a double cone, and is intended for grinding the tooth profile of the gear of the gear 3. By the first example of the device

A measuring device 12 is provided in the machine bed (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) to measure the position of the tooth profile, the sensing element 13 of which can be inserted into the cavities between the teeth of the gear blank 3 in a certain position along the running-in path. . The measurement result of the measuring device 12 through the amplifier 14 is fed to the computer 15, which has a memory

a device in which a constant value 16 can be predetermined. The output of the computer 15 by means of another amplifier 17 is connected to a servo drive 18, which is connected to a differential drive 7.

During the grinding process, the grinding wheel AND is located in the cavities of the workpiece of the gear 3 and grinds the right and left tooth profiles, respectively, along the various running-in movements. The movement of the run-in of the slide 2, which served to attach the workpiece to them, is transmitted through the spindle 5 with screw threading of the nut 4 of the running screw of the slide 2, as well as through the worm 8 to the worm wheel 9 of the round table, as a result of which the gear of the toothed wheel 3 performs the running-in movement with respect to the grinding wheel I. Nosleto.go as the profiles of the first cavity and are ground between the teeth, the following division occurs

gearing the workpiece with the help of means not shown in the drawing for the next depression between the teeth, and the grinding process is repeated until the workpiece of the gear 3 makes a complete rotation about its axis and all the cavities between the teeth are ground.

After grinding the profiles of the first cavity and between the teeth, the grinding wheel 11 goes out of the working position, and the probes

the measuring device 12 is brought into contact with the surface of the cavity a between the teeth (see Fig. 1). Measurement of the position of the tooth profiles is performed, with the result of the measurement as a predetermined value

transmitted through amplifier 14 to computer 15 and stored in its memory.

Then the grinding wheel 11 is returned to the working position again, and the process of grinding other profiles of the following cavities between the teeth takes place. During the grinding process, statistical displacements usually occur between the grinding wheel 11 (or the fixture for placing and fixing the tool in it) and the gear blank 3 (or the slide 2 serving to fix the workpiece in them) due to temperature distortions which are summed from one division of the tooth blank to the next. Therefore, by passing a large number of cavities between the teeth in the cavity b between the teeth (see Fig. 2), the second measurement process is activated. The ego occurs after passing through the Zi cavities between the teeth, Z being the number of teeth (or the number of cavities between the teeth) of the gear 3, and (representing the number of cavities between the teeth that need to be ground (for example). The measurement value obtained with this ego is supplied as an actual value through amplifier 14 to computer 15 and is locked in its device. The number i of the remaining cavities between the teeth of the toothed wheel 3, which must also be polished (in this example ) the computer is predefined as a constant value 16. The computer 15 is programmed so that it calculates the difference by two measurement values (the given value and the actual value), and divides the difference value by the value. The differential value obtained in this way is found value of the difference between the set value and the actual value, distributed to the remaining number of cavities between the teeth of the workpiece gear 3. that still need to be polished.

This differential difference in the division during the subsequent grinding process of the remaining ten gear between the teeth after each division process is transmitted from the computer 15 through the amplifier 17 to the servo 18, resulting in a differential actuator 7 receiving an additional division movement. Therefore, the gear blank 3 GETS a slight rotation-division movement with a sign opposite to the found deviation between the specified value and the actual value. After the termination of the remaining t cavities between the teeth, the found value of the difference between the set value and the actual value of the value is reduced to zero, with the result that the possibility of a jump

dividing the cash reference is displaced between the grinding circle and the workpiece and the gear 3, appearing in the grinding process.

In the first example, the execution of the device (see Figs. 1 and 2), the measurement of a predetermined value is carried out as a first measurement process immediately after grinding the first cavity a between the teeth. It is also possible to measure a given value only after measuring the actual value by subsequently dividing by +1 cavity by the teeth until the first depression a between the teeth.

Further, in the first example, the measuring device 12, designed to determine the position of the workpiece gear 3, is located in the frame of the machine, serving .ero for grinding the tooth profile. This makes it possible to directly measure the displacement of the gear of the toothed wheel 3. Since, however, the measurement is performed on the grinding pits between the teeth, the measurement result includes a displacement of the grinding wheel 11 (or the fixture used to set and fix the grinding tool) Moreover, this offset cannot be determined separately.

Separate determination of the displacement of the grinding wheel 11 in the course of the grinding process is possible but for the second example of performance (Iem. Fig. 3). In this case, the measuring device 12 is located near the workpiece.

gear 3 so that it can be adjusted and installed permanently on the sled 2, which serves to secure the workpiece on them. Measuring device 19 has probes 20 which, at measuring points, can touch grinding wheel 11. Measuring device 19, as in the first execution step (see Fig. 1), is connected through amplifier 14 to computer 15, and computer amplifier 17

associated with a servo drive 18, which is connected to a differential drive 7 of a common drive, providing running-in movement. This diagram in FIG. 3 not shown. The principle of operation in the second exemplary embodiment is similar to the principle of action characteristic of the first exemplary embodiment, and after grinding the left cavity between the teeth, the grinding wheel 11 is fed to the position in which the measurement is made. The position of the grinding wheel 11 is then determined with the help of the probes 20 of the measuring device 19, and the measured value is recorded in the memory of the computer 15 as a predetermined value. The Z - i cavities between the teeth are then ground, and the grinding wheel 11 is again fed to the position in which the measurement is made. The measured value obtained now is remembered as the actual value of the type in the computer 15. Both values recorded in the storage memory, in the same way as was done in the first example of execution, are processed in the circuit in such a way that the gear of the gear wheel 3 in the process of dividing the remaining i masters very small rotational movements of fission are connected between the teeth. Similarly, the corresponding tangential or radial supplementary movement can also be transmitted to the tool used to place and fasten a tool with a grinding wheel 11 in it.

In the third exemplary embodiment (see Fig. 4), it is possible to fix the displacement of the grinding wheel 11 and the slide 2, which are used to attach a gear wheel blank to them, which occurs during the grinding process. For this purpose, a measuring device 21 is installed in the frame of the machine that serves to grind the tooth profile. Using the measuring probe 22, the position of the sled 2, which serves to secure the workpiece, can be measured. Using the other two test leads 23, 24 of the measuring device 21, the position of the grinding wheel 11 can be determined, and these probes touch the measured surfaces of the Spindle grinding wheel 25, which most characteristicly determine the position of the grinding wheel 11.

The measuring device 21, as in the first embodiment, is connected to the computing machine, and the computing machine is in turn connected to the servo drive 18, which is connected to the differential drive 7 of the common drive performing the running-in movement. This already described circuit in FIG. 4 not shown.

In this third embodiment, the principle of operation is also similar to the principle of operation characteristic of the first embodiment. At the same time, after grinding or also during the grounding process of the first depression and between the teeth in a certain position of the running-in motion, simultaneously with the help of the probe 22, the position of the sled 2 serving to fix the workpiece in them is determined, and with the help of the probes 23, 24 grinding wheel 11. Appropriate measurement values from measuring device 21 are supplied as target values to computer 15. After grinding Z-1 cavities between the teeth with measuring probes 22, 23, 24 tion device 21 newly determined position of the slide serving for attachment lagotovk and the grinding wheel 11, and the resulting greatness HN measuring fed as actual value computing maschine 5. desired and actual values of both

measurement processes, the computational mask 15 calculates the displacement of the grinding wheel 11 relative to the slide 2, which serves to attach the workpiece to them, during the grinding process of the Z-1 depressions between the teeth of the pl. The difference found (referred to the division of the gear of the gear 3 for one tooth), as already described, is processed in a pattern so that a small additional movement is transmitted between the teeth for the remaining t cavities between the teeth. it is possible to communicate the corresponding tangential or radial additional movement to the device used to set and fix the tool in it with the grinding wheel P. Due to this, one whose compensation found erroneous displacements.

In the above examples of execution, specified values and actual values are determined respectively in only one

the measurement process on a single cavity between the teeth, respectively. In order to obtain greater reliability of measurements, measurements that serve to determine a given value, as well as an actual value, can be performed in many successive pockets, one after the other, between the teeth or at the corresponding points of the grinding wheel 11 and slide 2. these are gear blanks. The required calculation of the corresponding average values can also be carried out by the computational mask 15. In the examples of execution, an additional

movement to compensate for sideways in the form of additional rotation.

It is possible to report additional movement in the form of movement through the shaft 5 with screw thread. Similar is valid in

the case when the additional movement can be communicated to the fixture used to set and fix the workpiece in it.

Subject invention

A device to compensate for errors in grinding nofil tooth gears on

machine tools using the single division method, which has a measuring device for determining the position of the tool and the workpiece, characterized in that, in order to reduce the error resulting from the division between the last and the first grinding teeth, the measuring device in the measurement process is associated with the tool or carrier tool and gear preparation or carrier

the workpiece, and the output of the measuring device is connected to the input of a calculating device equipped with a storage unit, the output of the calculating device connected to a servo drive connected to the mechanism for rolling the workpiece through a differential mechanism.

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