SU42335A1 - Instrument for detecting small quantities of flammable components in a gas - Google Patents

Description

The proposed device is designed to detect in very small quantities of very small amounts of combustible components, in particular, to determine the amount of methane and heavy hydrocarbons in gas exploration for oil. The instrument allows determining the content of combustible petroleum vapor in the air, starting with a decimal fraction of a percent. Instruments with similar and even greater sensitivity are known in the art, but they are very complex and require the use of liquid air.

The device of the proposed device can be seen from the schematic drawing: B-burette with a platinum wire hollowed in it, a Y-leveling vessel and a K-compensator. These three glass pieces lie between each other. The burette and compensator are equipped with multi-way cranes J 2. The compensator is connected to a leveling vessel of a stepped form with a capillary tube with an internal diameter of about 0.5 MM. A paper scale is placed behind the paper, the millimeter divisions of which correspond to one thousandth of a percent. The first cell is a percentage of percent of the capillary, due to which it is possible to count volume changes up to one decimal fraction of a percent. The upper part of the scale is O (zero), lower, -3, 4, or more than ten percent. The device is filled through one of the taps when

help funnels and rubber tubing with a solution of potassium hydroxide of a certain strength, for example, 500 g per liter; however, due to the capillary action, the liquid level in the capillary differs from the level in the burette B.

The operation on the device is as follows. With the help of a pear attached to the tap 2, the alkali is forced out into the left part of the device almost to the tap / (the solution should not be allowed into the tap itself). The test gas or air is released from carbon dioxide by passing through a series of tubes or drexels with caustic potassium; for some time, the gas is passed through the valve 7 strokes for some time, and then gas is collected into the burette B until the alkali level in the capillary reaches the mark O. At the same time, the alkali passes into the leveling vessel Y and forces air out from U through K and through valve 2. After the gas volume determined for this device is sucked (for example, 100 close valve 7 and detach compensator K from atmospheric air by closing valve 2. The second stroke of valve 2 can serve to let in the compensator K of the same gas that is analyzed in Burette B (for lu compensation).

Then the platinum wire is electrically heated for a few minutes to a red-hot; formed by burning combustible

of the components, carbonic anhydride is absorbed by alkali; the meniscus is lowered in the capillary due to a decrease in pressure in b. B. With a constant amount of alkali, the device shows, as a percentage, a decrease in pressure in the burette B. This is true both for the volume of gas LLP cm and for volume or 90 s. Since the diameter of the capillary is very small compared to the diameter of the burette B, the volume of gas in it can be considered constant. Therefore, the author abolished the buret B graduation and the “100” mark on it, which he applied in the first versions of the device.

After the instrument has cooled down (for 10-15 minutes), the content of combustible gases is read directly on the scale in fractions of a percent.

The device is placed in a thermally well insulated box; tubes with alkali dp of preliminary removal of carbon dioxide from the analyzed gas are placed in the case. These parts of the instrument are auxiliary.

The subject matter of the invention.

A device for detecting insignificant amounts of combustible components in a gas, consisting of three vessels connected in series and characterized in that, in order to increase the sensitivity of the device, it uses a capillary between vessels K and Y in vessels that accurately measure gas volumes to after burning combustible components.

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