SU40898A1 - Switching device for transporting installations - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a switching device in installations for transporting over short distances, such as, for example, cable railways, conveyors, pneumatic mail, etc. In this case, departure point S is connected to the main line with receiving points fli and Lz and connected to Yes, the CI hub, from which, in turn, two branches depart, of which one has reception points Lz. 4, La, and a friend Le, Lu- The task is to simultaneously send several, for example, five items to be transported along section S-L1. Therefore, the person serving the point of departure does not have to wait until the first item to be transported passes the S-S section. This requires that each item can be the destination of any of the points from Lx to L. The destination of each item to be transported must be determined by numbers. There are two different solutions for this choice of numbers. Either a certain number can be set on the object itself, or a numbered selection can be made electrically, and the numbers will be located parallel to the path of progress. The invention belongs to the devices of the latter type.

Assume that the conditions of the message require that a maximum of five objects be simultaneously sent along the S-L section. Three subjects must simultaneously run in the U-LD section, and four items in the O-Le-4 section at the same time. The invention consists in the fact that the selection of numbers for a given item is not made immediately to the distance from the point of departure to the destination, but only for the first section of the route that the item must pass, i.e. in this case for the distance from the distance. If the item must go beyond point L, then the selection of numbers for this item is transmitted further to the section fli-Lz, and so on. to the site at the end of which is the destination of the object. The advantage of such a device is that the very choice of numbers becomes clear, simple, and does not allow different interpretations. Further advantages and in terms of

path numbers. As will be described later, as many number paths are chosen as the number of objects is meant to be sent simultaneously to this section. Thus, for each item to be sent, a special ' path number is assigned. The same number path may, for example, in one case have its destination R25 and in the other Lz- Without this device, each such path would have to go to the final destinations Rg and f, since, according to the invention, the choice of numbers for transported further items are produced by sections, the required number of numbering paths becomes the smaller, the more removed they are from the point of departure. The invention makes it possible to bring the number of devices to a minimum.

In FIG. 1 and 2 depict in general terms a switching device; FIG. Figure 3 shows the individual commutation, with some not shown in FIG. 2 details.

FIG. 2, the letter S denotes the point of departure, and the letters RI to R; - “exit routes at reception points. The letter U denotes a place for switching at a nodal point at point R. The letters dfo to dfg denote track contacts, which are temporarily closed by passing transported objects, and the letters ai to a denote similar contacts, which are closed by temporarily output items. The letters N denote the number voter, having in FIG. 2 three shoulders a, b, c. These three arms in FIG. 2 are connected by a dashed line, which, therefore, does not denote an electrical connection, but only indicates the connection of these three arms. The ES RS indicates installation switches and checkers, which also have several arms. FIG. 2, ES has only one shoulder, and in FIG. 3 a few. With RS, it is shown in FIG. 2 two shoulders, for example, RS 7 / and / 2, which are mechanically connected to each other. Through W to We are the electromagnets of the receivers, and CI denotes the solenoid of the switchgear on the branch path.

the excitation of these electromagnets permutes the switchgears (arrows Weichen) Wj to Ws and U. TI to T denotes the number keys in point S of the dispatch. These keys can be labeled with numbers or destination names.

Suppose now that it is required to send three items directly one after the other — one to the destination R4, the second R2, and the third in RT. Let all voters occupy the one shown in FIG. 2 position. In the following description, you will find that they may occupy a different position at rest. The person serving the point of departure places the object on the advancement line and presses the T4 key. At the same time, the key is kept in the working position due to a device not shown in the drawing. It is also not shown here that this key operates drive means, such as a rope or blower in pneumatic mail, etc.

The first object begins to move and the passage closes the track contact dfo located at the beginning of the section from S to RI. Due to this, the switch ESj comes to position 1. Since the path of the number for voters N7 is free, the ES remains at position 1. Just as the dialing finders are installed in telephone sets with voters, the shoulder of the Na voter hits the T4 key and stops on multiple cores VV4- The test current arising at this stop „test current releases the TI key. FIG. 3 it is shown that then the relay B is energized, which further maintains the driving means in the operating state. The T4 key bounce is a signal to the sender that a second item can be sent, and therefore it presses the Tg key. An object, which, as is already known, can start moving only after pressing the T key, enters the S-RI area and, as it passes, closes the dfg contact. As a result, the ESi switch comes to position 2, in which the ESi stops. The sender then places a third item on the line.

and presses the T key. This object, the passage, closes the dfo contact, as a result of which the ESj switchboard comes to position 3. The number voter N5, when started, moves on the TU key. Now three items are being advanced simultaneously in the S-RI segment. The ESi switch serves not only to control the onset of motion, but is also a counter for items that have entered the S-Yi section.

We will now follow the progress of the first object that has come to its removal from the line in receiving point 4 - The contact shoulder N / b stands on the multiple core VV, i.e., not on the output core through which the electromagnet Wj could be excited, and therefore This electromagnet is not in the excitation state. The first item passes the Wi apparatus for branching and enters into the RI segment. At the same time, he, the pass, closes the track contact dfi. The switch RSj comes to position 1, and thus serves to count the number of items that have branched off the Wj. Next, the dfi pin drives the ES switch. to position 1 in which it stops. Voter No. 7, being floated, continues to move until its contact arm hits a multiple line VV. The latter is grounded via N7 c (V / 4 and AS 12 (in position 1). This is a stop signal for the selector M 7. When the first item enters the - Rg section, the selection of the number goes from the S-Rj section to the RI section - Ra in the way of number 7. Since the contact arm N 7 a finds a number which, according to the switching conditions, is located in the direction of point S of the departure, the choice of the number produced by the Beater N 7 is called the inverse selection. keep in mind that voter N 7 is also set to number 4, as is the transmitting zbiratel M 7. This choice is called "uniform. Shoulder N 7 b stands on repeated contact, r. e. not supply line to the electromagnet receiver Wg. Therefore, the first object passes through

branch switchgear Wa and enters the Rj-CJ area. Since then the contact arm N 7 stands on the line W, and not on or 7, through which U could be excited, the switchgear V is not rearranged. When entering the site (J-RS is the first item, the passage closes the track contact dfu, which entails switching the switch to position 1. Thus, the RS switch counts how many objects passed through the switchgear W2. Shoulder RS 22 of the switch in position 2 is ground The contact arm M 7c, which stands on VV4. The closure of the dfu contact then switches the switch to position 1, as a result of which the voter floats and becomes a multiple line grounded over the arm with voters M 7. But for electorally the N 7 is It will not be the fourth, but the second. Thus the setting of the number for the elector N 7 will not be the same as for M 7. In the case, if the setting of the number for the transfer is not the same as for summarizing, the choice is called "listed." 7 is on repeated contact VVz, so that the solenoid Ws of the switchgear cannot be excited. The first item passes the switchgear Wg and enters the RS-R4 area. At the same time, he, the pass, closes the paths of the contact dfs, as a result of which the switch RS and ES switches to position 1. The switch ES launches the selector N 7, the latter being set (uniformly installed) to the same number with the selector 7 for multiple core VV His contact arm N 7 b is now on a multiple core, and the electromagnet W4 is energized.

In this case, the following chain is made: battery, W4, Nv / b, RSv 7 (in position 0), ground.

The switchgear Wi "is shifted, and the first object is brought out of the advancement line at the receiving point R. At the same time, the passage closes the track contact a4, as a result of which the switch RS switches to position 1. In the example of simultaneous

transporting three items, it was assumed that only one item falls into the branch. The switches ES and L5 are both in position 1. This state is a signal that there are no more items in section Rj - D. Further (Fig. 3) it will be shown that the result of this state is the rest position of all devices related to the section AZ - 4. It should be noted that the switches ES and AS remain in position 1, as in the rest position. When another item is sent later - it gets to this section, the dfs track closable will switch the switch to position 2 and force the selector N 2, the contact arm N 2 b of which is grounded through the switch RS 2 b, to switch through the switch in the T position. Thus, it is not necessary that at the beginning of the dispatch be occupied by the designated numeral /, i.e. N / number path. At the third dispatch, it would be necessary to take path N 3, then again Nv 7.

Let us now follow the path of the second object with the choice of number 2. When the second object enters the area S - Ai, the dfo contact will switch the ESi switch to position 2, as a result of which the elector N2 will put his shoulder on the key 2. The shoulder of the N 2 b voters will set to multiple The VVs-type jack so that the electromagnet Wj at the switchgear will not be excited. The second item will pass the switchgear W and enter the section AI - Yaz. as a result, the switch AS moves to position 2 and the switch ES switches to the same position 2. Voter N 2 is set to position 2, and his contact arm M 2 b will be in multiple contact. as a result, the electromagnet W2 of the receiving point will be energized through the switch AS 2 / in position 1. Therefore, the second item will be removed from the advancement line at the receiving point AZ. At the same time, he, the pass, closes the track contact az, which the AS switch does not switch to position 2.

Meta with the choice of number 7. When it enters the section S - Aj, the contact dfo by closing the current switches the ES switch to position 3. Voter Mz is set to position 7. For the above reasons, the third object will pass through the switchgear Wi, and the bfi contact will switch AS, as well as ES at the same time, to position 5, Voter N 3 goes to position 7, so that N 3 b falls on a multiple core and comes to a state of excitement.

The following circuit is implemented: battery G, N 3 b, AS 2 / in position 2, ground.

The third item passes the switchgear W2, since the electromagnet W2 of the receiving point is not excited, and enters the branch AC -1. In this case, the passage closes the dfg track contact, which switches the switch to position 1, and the switch AZ to position 3. The exciter current circuit for (J is interrupted as soon as the switch AS 2 / goes out of position 2. At switch position 1, selector I It begins to move, and its shoulder / a is installed on a multiple core that is grounded over the shoulder NJ with AND switch A3 22 in position 3. The TaKaii installation number will be, - listed.There is no need to describe a further path of the third object, since it repeats mc described already n The switches EZ and AS are both in position 3, and also EZ and A3, i.e. they are in the same position, which is a sign that all of the 3-AI-Ag switching devices can occupy a quiescent position. Distributive switches. EZ and AZ remain in their occupied position, so that when a new item is shipped, ways M can be provided to a new item.

FIG. 3 shows the switching processes in one part of the plant according to FIG. 2, since the same processes are repeated elsewhere. The notation in FIG. 3 are the same as in FIG. 2. V denotes a multiple field that accepts the selection of the number number of the number polling brush; Ultrasound designates the multiple field dp of the Nb brush outputted from the advance line; OZ-a lot of battlefield for transmitting further brush NC NC voters. ES stands for the counting device at the beginning of the RS movement - the same for the end of the movement. The letters dfi (lower left) denote a track contact that is closed when an object is moving, at the beginning of a section that takes an option; df2 (lower right) is the same contact at the beginning of the section, Ws denotes a receiving point electromagnet, which is the electromagnet in FIG. 3 belongs. Finally, a (bottom right) denotes a track contact on a lead. The first redmet that reached this section should go to the one shown in FIG. 3 electromagnet Ws receiver, item. The contact arm from the number voter for a given polling station is therefore on its multiple core V%. When the first object enters the area leading to the electromagnet ITU Ws, he, the passage, closes the contact dfj (Fig. 3, bottom left). Relay D is triggered by the circuit: ground, winding 4-5, relay D, Sp, dfi, battery.

Contact d excites relay B and electromagnet DE in the circuit: ground, winding 7-2 relay B, DE, winding / - 2 WK, battery; L excites Sp, carried out the chain; earth, b, p, winding 7-2 yr Sp, battery; L closes the delay circuit for B: battery, fuse Si, Ы, winding 4-5 from B, ground. The relay B remains in the state of excitation until the last item leaves the area terminated by the switchgear W. However, B does not support the drive means in action, not shown in the way; S prepares a test current circuit for the Na brush. The rotary solenoid DE moves the counter ES. To start the advancement to position 1. Sp opens the ontact so that measles D disappears. TeTiepb Na selector begins to accept the choice of the following chain: ground, breaker Un, b d, p, ES. Shoulder s position 1, rotary electromagne, and DN elector, battery.

Brushes Na, Nb, Nc make a move. Since the Na brush does not find a trial potential on a multiple core V / i,

then the DN moves up to the multiple strand VVs- Last through the brush Nc of the previous one (not shown in Fig. 3) the voter is connected to the battery, TiaK that P is energized. In this case, the following chain is made: battery, Nc in the previous voter, multiple lived, brush Na, ES, shoulder / in position 1, winding from P, b, d, ground. This is done to receive the selected number 3. P is blocked along the circuit: battery, Si, winding 4-5 from P, d, f, ground, p interrupts the further switching circuit for DN, the dn contact of which still allows the current pulse to operate until the end to prevent the action of a residual current pulse. To again demonstrate an example of the simultaneous transportation of three objects on one section of a line, let us assume that two more subjects entered the section ending at the electromagnet Wj. The second item will again close df, and DE will lead ES to position 2. Winding 7-2 from P with shoulder 7 from ES will remain without current, and d will open the delay circuit ъ to winding 4-5 from P, so that the measles P will disappear and after the shoulder / from at position 2 can be used for the Other (not shown in Fig. 3) number path. The third novice promotion item will repeat the same processes, so the shoulder / from ES will move to position 3. We will continue to follow item 7, which will be removed from the promotion lines by the action Wa. Contact b closed the following circuit: earth b, h, winding Th, Si, battery.

For reasons that will be cleared up later, it will take Th seconds to close the th contact. Then N is triggered: earth, th, H, battery. H is blocked along the chain; battery H, h, earth until all items leave this area; h excites the output electromagnet Ws through the circuit: battery Ws, Ws, Nb, Z RS 57 in position O, h, ground. Ws rearranges the switchgear Wa (Fig. 2), and the first item is taken out of line. When entering the exit area he, the passage, closes the track contact az and excites the relay L

Through its winding 4-5. Then the output chetnik 31 goes to position 1; this closes the circuit and, the rotary electromagnet of the exit counter, winding 5-b from I, the battery. Since hell remains only temporarily closed, the measles relay I immediately disappears again. As soon as flS 5 / exits the position O, the exciter circuit from Wa opens, and the apparatus Wa (FIG. 2) returns to the position to skip the presets.

Let us now trace the motion of the second object, the choice of the number of which has in mind a more distant place of destination. The second object will pass the distributor apparatus Ws, entering the next section, passage, will close the fuse contact, dfz, as a result of which DA will enter the excitation state along the circuit: battery, winding 5-b from WK, Dfl, df2, ground. Counter H5 goes to position 2. The dfg contact of the input counter of the next section has a stimulating effect and thereby begins the further transfer of the selected number, as repeatedly described with reference to FIG. 2. Let the third object have a more distant destination, so that it passes through Wg. At the same time, the contact df2 transfers L5 to position 3. Now all three objects have left the area ending at the switchgear Ws and all the devices relating to this area can return to the rest position. Both ES and RS are in position 3, In the excitation state there are still relays B, H and P. As soon as L5 moves to position 3, a short circuit winding 4-5 relays B through the circuit: SP III, shoulder from ES at position 5, shoulder from position 3, land Anchor B drops out, B opens the delay chain for H and R. Voter N with shoulders Na, Nb, Nc and counters ES and RS do not change position. Thus, everything comes to rest. The winding Th is intended to force the test circuit to decelerate with deceleration in order to excite the electromagnet Wg, the receiving point. Assume that the destination RT of the first item is located behind Wg. If the position of the RS 5 / switch were directly grounded, then the Mb brush at the time of receiving the selection of number 7 would be pressed to the contact and the passage would initiate Wj. When Nb descended to be set to c, Ws would have to lose Wg excitation. Since: the first object is still far from arriving, then there was no great disaster from this. But it is desirable to eliminate the unnecessary jingle of the switchgear at the branch, and this is achieved due to the fact that h is closed by the winding Th due to deceleration numbers. Relay N has the following purpose. When interpreting FIG. 2. It was indicated that, for example, for the Ra-4-B section there are only three number paths. Suppose that the sender missed it and sent more than three items to the Rs-4-5 area: Then there would be too many objects in the Ra-4 section. Relay N is just intended for removing excess objects from the branch in front of the loaded section of FIG. 3 is drawn on the assumption that there are not three items, but it allows simultaneous loading of ten items; let's say at. this, that the tenth item just closed the contact df, and the HPE has not yet left one piece of the section beginning with the contact df, and therefore is in position 0. The tenth pulse from df will translate from position 9 to position 0. At the same time, as described, the measles of relay P will disappear, and Sp will be excited through b,, winding 7-2 from Sp,

Now N is energized along the circuit: battery, winding J-2 from N, Sp, TN, h,, arm V from position O ,. , land Its contact n (fig. 3 on the left) gives a signal, and the electromagnet of the receiving point at the switchgear in the previous branch excites. Since this electromagnet in FIG. 3 is not shown, then let us assume that such a state has occurred in the area located to the right of the shown electromagnet W. Then the contact (FIG. 2 is on the right) will be closed and Wa will operate; at the same time, the current flows through the following circuit: battery, Wg,, multiple

1 lived in the field Vg for the section in front of which the subject is displayed, Nb, ftS J /, ih., Ground.

As long as there are so many on the site

- the number of available number paths (i.e., the number of effective positions for ES), N remains in the excited state, and all unnecessary items will be output from the switchgear at the beginning of the section.

JB. Due to frequent repetition of such errors; lane shipments may require a device for some portion of additional number paths. For ES and flS switches, there will be several provisions to be added compared to the number of number paths for the first device. Such additional positions for ES and flS should be denoted by names and should be speeded up with free choice of JES and AS positions. This condition is outlined in FIG. 3 for contact from ES and from L5. A brush in its own position and at the right end connects the battery to the winding / -2 at the relay. Because of this, d reduces DE from this position. - Similarly, the brush 32 in the extreme right position excites the winding / -2 at the relay A, the contact of which causes the electromagnet DA of the output counter AS of the output to jump across the occupied position. If there is any obstacle in the way of the number, then with a free choice through it “it’s necessary to jump when finding a free way. To do this, use the Sp T keys. Let there be an obstacle in the path of the number /: we shift the block-key. Sp T / equipped with two sets of springs. Through SP T / a current circuit is obtained: battery ES, shoulder /// in position 1, SpT / (overflow), winding / -2 on relay D, ground. When ES comes to position 1, D is energized, d energizes DE, and the contact de of the latter short-circuits the winding / -2 at D, so that d again deprives the electromagnet of excitation. Thus, ES „jumps over the blocked number path. The second pair of springs. on the SP key, the T / / acts so that by winding / -2 on the relay A of the contact terminal m forces the counter AS

Jump through the path numbers. If, for example, a whole section, due to the damage of some kind of drive part, goes out of operation, it is necessary to remove all objects going along this line from the last one to the area that is in malfunction. For this, the relay N is energized via the SP TN block key being shifted. Then N excites, as already described above, an electromagnet in front of the entrance to a line that is in a faulty state. If the Si fuse blows, the area should be considered in a state of disrepair. Alarm contact Si closes the circuit: ground, winding N, Si, alarm relay Eft battery. ;

-At this, N acts as already described; EA gives an alarm. If the selector, due to a malfunction, is put into operation, but cannot be brought to a state of rest, then the relay connected in series with the rotary electromagnet remains for a more or less long time in the state of excitation, and the thwk thermal contact excites the N relay and closes the circuit : ground, winding 4-5 on N, thwk, alarm relay DK, battery.

If in any installation it was necessary to make a choice among more than ten receiving points with numbers, then numbered voters would have to be organized with about twenty parts. Voters would be large, and movement spans would be short. According to the invention, the selection of numbers is divided into two groups. One of these groups will correspond to the process that in telephone installations with voters is called a group choice, and the other is what is called the (individual) choice.

FIG. 3 shows relay Z, and there are two brushes Nb and Nb. One group of destinations requires only a single (individual) choice, and their electromagnets W are connected to multiple contacts of ultrasonic brushes Nb. The second group requires more group selection. Its electromagnets are attached to the multiple contacts of the Nb brush.

When -Z is not energized and, therefore, contact Z is in a quiescent state, Nh takes effect, and in the opposite case, N. Suppose that when you press the key for a certain destination; as described in FIG. 2, the multiple conductor Vi is grounded, and in addition, the winding at relay Z (Fig. 3) is in the excited state. Contact Z transfers the connection from AS 31 to the NbO ajZ brush closes the delay circuit & for relay Z along the circuit: ground, Z, measles ... Contact Z is adjusted so that it produces a short circuit after contact Z It. makes a short circuit of the winding at relay Z. The selection of the number must be passed on to the next figure. 3 site .: Further

Transferring a single selection with an NC brush has already been described. Once

: The item falls into the area going to the right in FIG. 3, and, passing, will close the contact -dfj- (Fig. 3, bottom right), as already described; switch Y5 is sent to position 1 / CONTACT PLAJA5 55 in the power supply; 1 current circuit is closed; ground Z, winding -5 bore Z, in position T to the next section in which the target is set as shown in FIG. 3 (top left). Winding and 4 - 3 at the relay Z act towards each other

..and therefore; Z (FIG. 3) goes out of the excitement state after the relay Z of the next section has been activated. With this, the group selection is transmitted to the next section.

It should be borne in mind that the transmission of the VpynnoBoro selection takes place in parallel with the transmission of a single selection. All voters and counting devices are arranged concentrated in one place, for example, at point S of the departure. Some places where switching is performed (switching) are connected to this central place by only a few wires, for example, wires from df contacts, then wires from electromagnets W of receiving points. The batteries shown in these electromagnets W, in addition to exciting them, also serve to start and stop the drive means, as well as signals related to the drive means.

Subject p ate, n t a.

Claims (3)

1. A switching device for transporting installations, subdivided into sections, with points of departure and with several receiving points under different numbers, in which installations for each transported item, the choice of number indicates the desired receiving point, characterized in that it is for transmission. Bbj6opa numbers for each item being transported from site to site with the help of rotating, telephone, voters for gradual (step-by-step) | switching on, track contacts df are applied, located at the beginning of each section (dfi at the beginning of the section) r what contact is closed; ES) and travel contacts (df, a), which transmit the number of items leaving a section to the counting device H5, Included so that with the same installation of the input counter ES and the output counter I 5 to operate a current circuit that transforms all the relevant to this section of the device into a quiescent position (Fig. 1, 2). 2. The change of the switching device according to claim b is characterized by the application of only at the beginning of the contact contact (dfj, intended to assign a free path for transferring the choice to the participant) and count the items entering this section by interchanging the selector (ES). 3. The form of the execution of the switching device according to claims. 1, 2, characterized in that the test circuit (. 3) Wg, Va, Nb,, hi) is made for. the differences in the extraction process (Ws excited) from the direction to follow, follow (Wa not excited) so that its closure depends on both the number path and the position of the counter (in Figures 3-F51 31. apparata U f dl. branch of the subscriber; a cove (in Fig. 1-Yaz-4-5. OR Yab) arranged by a tan that he goes over one position to another only / when the position number assigned to the upcoming pre-mat elector (in Fig.) matches one of the numbers receiving point on this branch (Ab-l),:; ::::: . 5. When commutated. device on the PP. 1, 2.3, the use of a device (for example, a relay Th). To slow down the closure of the circuit V of the test current until the end of the transfer process, select the number. 6. When commuting device PP. 1, 2 application of the relay, N, which remains in the states of excitement,: - while the number of PRDs:: ;; .- objects moving along the section is equal to the number of numbers intended for the site, - - - ; 7. The form of the execution of the switching device according to claims. 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the voters for the number paths have several contact levers (a, b, c), of which one is serves to receive a choice of a number, с - for its further transfer the third is for closing the test current circuit. .. /, V 8. The form of execution of the switching device according to claim 7, characterized in that the contact levers with move along the same multiple mechanism as the levers of the voters. , 9. With switching device: on PP. 1, 2 application of an interlocking device (relay N), preventing entry into a certain area. further transfer of the number selection: ditch . ; - V; ..:. . . iO .; The form of the switching device according to claim 9, characterized in that the locking device (relaying N), which goes into the excitation state in the event of a malfunction, is designed so that the output-device electromagnet in the state of magnetization preceding the site that you find in. malfunction .. to the patent of an inn of the company “Factory of Telephone Apparatus E. Zwytup and K, the company with ogre. resp / jn2 4089v