SU38934A1 - Apparatus for activating carbonaceous substances suspended in activating gases - Google Patents

Description

In order to obtain activated carbon, carbonaceous substances are subjected to high temperatures to the action of activating gases, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, chlorine, oxygen, etc., and the activation by gases occurs the easier and faster, the more separated carbonaceous substances, and a number of methods for activating carbon particles suspended in active gases (French Patent No. (31332. British Patent No. 206662, No. 216761, No. 222882 and No. 228954).

The present invention is intended to reduce heating costs when activated — carbonaceous substances that are in a state in gases.

For this purpose, 9 the proposed device, a vertical oven, protected from heat loss and heated by gases or pulverized fuel, comprises several vertical retorts, each consisting of two concentric

pipes, of which the outside is closed from the top end. The mixture of activating gas and carbonaceous matter entering the annular space between the pipes is heated with both combustion products of gaseous or pulverized fuel coming down from the combustion chamber along the outer surface of the outer tube and with a mixture of activated gases containing activated carbon, due to which there is a better use of heat .

In FIG. Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for activating carbonaceous substances suspended in activating gases; FIG. 2 is a vertical section of the furnace along a and be in FIG. 3, showing a horizontal section through the furnace in de FIG. 2

The device consists of an on-line mixer A for bringing carbonaceous substances into suspension in gases, from furnace B for activation and from separators.

Carbonaceous substances in the form of grains.

pieces or dust enter through the funnel 1 into mixer A, which, on the other hand, receives an influx of activating gases through a tube of 2 n neutral or almost neutral gases through tube 3, due to which it is possible to bring the above carbonaceous factors into a suspended state volume of activating gases of known composition. The mixture flows in the direction of the arrows from mixer A through line 4 in the activation furnace B and from them into the separators through line 5.

These separators can be made, for example, from apparatus - cyclones, after which they can, according to train 1, follow the apparatus for filtering or for liquid or electrostatic cleaning.

The separated activated carbon is removed through pipes 6 and 7, the purified activation gases enter through pipe 8 and can be reused to bring suspended carbonaceous substances. To this end, a portion of these gases, in a vicious circle, returns to mixer A through line 3, in the path of which fan 9 or some other device is provided to circulate.

Excess gases, whether they are flammable or not, are directed to the furnace or to the retarates through pipe 10 so as to be used for heating, or released into the chimney through pipe P.

Vertical crawl 12, carefully protected from heat loss, serves to heat from the outside a known number of retorts to activate, in this case four. Heating can be combined with the help of activated gas from a gas generating gas, fuel oil, pulverized coal, etc., which gases flow into the incinerators 13 fed in a suitable way and distributed around the periphery of the combustion chamber H located in the upper part of the furnace; moreover, the products of combustion leave through the part in chimney 15.

The food of the retort consists of an outer vertical pipe 16, closed from the upper end, and from a concentrically located inner pipe 17. A mixture

activating gases with carbonaceous substances, the exit from the mixer .4 (Fig. 1) enters at the base of the retorts through the tube 4 into the annular space 16 between the tubes 16 and 17 and rises along it to the upper part of the retorts, t. to the combustion chamber 14, where at the appropriate temperature the activation occurs very quickly; then, the "activation gases and the formed activated carbon go through the inner tube 17 (tube 5 to the separators Ci-C.).

During the ascent in the annular space 16, a mixture of activating gases with carbonaceous substances in the exploded state circulates in the direction of the opposite, on the one hand, the combustion products of gaseous or pulverized fuel, which descends outside the retorts from the signal chamber 14, and the other side , - a mixture of activated gases and the formed activated carbon, which is lowered through pipe 17. Thus, the mixture of activating gases with carbonaceous substances is heated, first, by the combustion products 1 willow that permits the use of heat, and secondly, a mixture of "activating gas and activated carbon, which allows to recover the calories blown this mixture.

/ To enhance the transfer of heat contained in the combustion products, it is possible to make them circulate around the retorts more efficiently by placing imj three obstacle furnaces. Pipes 18 17 can be cast-iron or steel in the lower zone of the furnace and refractory in the upper zone; it is useful to provide the tube 17 with internal and external ribs 19, as shown in FIG. ; i.

Subject Patent a.

A device for external carbonaceous substances suspended in activating gases, characterized in that. In a vertical furnace 12, protected from heat loss and heated with gaseous or pulverized fuel entering the upper part of the furnace through the burners 13 into the chambers 14, are located several tops from the upper end of the outer pipe 1b and are retractable for activation from a concentrically located pz which consists of a closed train pipe 17.

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