SU38229A1 - Electrical relay - Google Patents

Description

Among the existing various types of relays intended for automatic control of voltage in AC power grids, very few without mechanically moving parts — contacts — have the property of reproducing smooth and fast transfer of changes in the regulated mode, moreover, with corresponding proportional amplification.

Such, for example, is a cathode three-electrode relay, which fully meets the set condition.

However, it also has a number of specific disadvantages in other respects arising from the basic principle of its operation (such as the necessary cathode heating and the corresponding vacuum, with a slight emission of the heating surface and a greater interelectrode gap resistance), which limit current stress and so on.

Therefore, the cathode relay is not widely used, especially in the technique of strong currents, where it is replaced by cuprox rectifiers.

In FIG. 1 shows the electrical circuit of the proposed relay; FIG. 2-relay as applied to automatic voltage control circuit.

The proposed relay consists of the rectifying system B (Fig. 1 and 2) and

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four polarized jet coils with separate iron cores. Jet coils have three winding systems. The windings caMOHHjayKtsii 10, 10 are interconnected according to the scheme of the Wheatstone bridge, the adventure clamps 17-18 to an adjustable AC circuit, and the clamps 13, 14 to the rectifier system 5 clamps attached by clamps /.5, 16 to a DC circuit, as well as the control winding I R and 9, 9. The amplification windings / 7, / 7, connected in series, are adventitiously or parallel to the rectifying circuit B, or in series with it, so that when the voltage changes at the working terminals, the balance of the bridge changed in one direction or another, affecting e or other circuit.

The direction of the control and amplification windings is chosen in such a way that the instantaneous electromotive forces induced by the windings W, 10 AC in the windings P, 9 and 9, 9 of the direct current are mutually balanced at a given moment in time.

In addition, it is provided when making the connection of the windings to achieve a uniform load in each half of the period, in view of the possible distortion of the half-waves, due to the different non-one-sided direction of the alternating current relative to the constant saturating iron.

The mode of operation of the relay is as follows. Its drive units are differential circuits ab and gd. One of the circuits, for example abb, should maintain a strictly defined current strength and serve as a level orienting the adjustment, while the other, gd, changes the force of the magnetizing current according to the changing conditions in the controlled network.

With the same degree of magnetization of iron, the reactive coils of the opposite arms of the bridge of the relay M-7 achieve an equilibrium condition, and there will be no current in the excitation circuit as well as in the working circuit. With varying degrees of magnetization of iron, for example, with a decrease in current in the windings 9, 9, compared with the windings 9, 9, the equilibrium of the relay bridge / - / is broken, a current occurs in the excitation circuit according to the selected direction of rectification, which aggravates the inequality shoulders, restored under the new condition, mainly due to the self-induction 10, W in the windings of the opposite arms of the amplification of the current going to power the working circuit. Gain can be achieved to any degree, so that with the slightest change in current in control windings, such as when current decreases in windings P, 9, compared with windings 9, 9, most of the inductive resistance of the windings 10, 10 drops out, by virtue of which, due to the low ohmic resistance of the relay windings, a significant current occurs in the working circuit; force, insensitive to changes in the frequency of the power supply current.

With the straightening direction indicated by the arrows in FIG. 1, the relay will act only when the current in the windings 9, 9 decreases, as compared with the windings 9, 9. In the opposite case, their action is compensated.

To change the direction of the relay, it is necessary to reverse the direction of rectification.

FIG. 2 shows a method of using a relay for the case of automatic voltage regulation in electrical

AC networks (the relay in this case is doubled to get a two-way action).

The power supply of the ac and db electrical circuits of dc, which require a relatively insignificant energy expenditure for podkagnivaniya iron cores of the relay, is produced from an adjustable ac network, through rectifying systems B-7 and b-2, consisting, each four elements connected by the Gretz system.

The AB circuit is stabilized by self-voltage regulation, by means of two separate differently saturated auxiliary transformers T-7 and T-2, when connecting their secondary windings against each other, and is set to a certain average value using the E-7 rheostat.

Circuit 2-d receives voltage deviation pulses permissible according to the condition of regulation through an auxiliary transformer T-3 and is fitted with an E-2 resistor to set up an equilibrium position with chain a-b.

The power of the self-induction windings of the relay is made through points 77, 18 from a three-phase network 10 connected to an adjustable network 77, 72 by means of transformers not shown in the drawing.

Power supply of the main windings 7-3, 1-4, 2-3, 2-4 alternating current of jet coils 7-5-5, 1-4-6, 2-3-7, 2-4-8 special switchgear P, It is also produced from the network 10, through points 9 by means of clamps 3, star-adventured, and clamps 4, forming a zero point.

In view of the indicated properties of the relay, the transmission to the drive units of the apparatus P — the electric circuits of the A-Bi G-D of direct current — is achieved at different times, alternately and with proper amplification; moreover, the additional windings 5, 6, 7, 8 saturate the iron magnetic system; the coefficients of the self-induction of the jet coils, as well as the potentials of the common points 7 and 2, vary.

To points 7 and 2, in the chain of bridges M are the primary windings of the to-and fixed adjustment transformer T, the secondary windings / C - // of which are included in the dissecting of the wires of the network 77-72.

Thus, a smooth phase shift of electromotive forces acting in the windings and an adjustable network / 7- / 2 to a full 180 ° limit is made, equivalent to switching contacts, but without breaking the current circuit.

As can be seen, the entire automatic voltage regulation device is made without the presence of moving mechanical parts and is purely electric, and therefore all adjustment positions must be made at a speed inherent in the speed of propagation of electromagnetic changes, which almost ensures instantaneous speed.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. Relay using polarized jet coils connected according to the scheme of the Whitston Bridge, characterized in that it consists of four three-winding jet coils 9-- W-11 and 9-10-11, of which the windings 10, Iff are interconnected according to the scheme of the Wheatstone bridge, the adventure clamps / 7-18 to the regulated AC circuit, and the clamps 13, 14 - to the clamps of the rectifying system B connected clamps 15, 16 to the direct current circuit, as well as windings 9, 9 and 9, 9, and finally windings 11, // connected in series, are adventitized either parallel to the rectifying circuit B, or in series with it for the purpose so that when the voltage on the working clamps changes, the balance of the bridge changes in one direction or another, I will act on those and whether other chains. 2. When the relay according to claim 1 is used as a DC source, supplying the windings, rectifying systems B- and B-2, each consisting of four elements connected according to the Gretz scheme and adventured through transformers T-7, T -2 to AC power. I; ti, j  / Co- / - v- -,; / / ii --- 4 / V -LH / ft 11 -.TLLLL.Lu -, - I-OnrAVV A- “5T-i I-9,,. . . „Tj /; V i i -. i / f .- - - °  fXAm I ./jrJ f- f liXf , U: yu7-B1 V. . 5 i i f, l fj ..-. o fi , L - jsyi  i .-, d LO-CrX 7- / GT  . II il LU