SU38220A1 - Device for controlling distance receivers of electrical energy - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to control devices at a distance.

The present invention is a combination relay capable of controlling various electrical machines and apparatuses over working wires. For example, such a relay, being included in the electric current line, will be able to affect all those included in this line and equipped with additional devices, so-called selectors, current consumers, turn engines on and off, light up lamps, etc. operations can be made from one place, one device.

The invention is based on the principle of joint transmission of alternating and direct current by wires. The alternating current is the main current and serves as the operating current, while the constant current is an auxiliary current and serves only to actuate the selector-switches closing the operating current, alternating current. Current in each given current consumer.

To eliminate the effect of AC current on relays and selectors, the latter have filters that are oscillatory circuits that are tuned exactly to the frequency of the AC current and represent a theoretically infinitely large resistance for AC current.

(333)

Practically, if the alternating current passes through the filter, it will be so small that it will not have any effect on the DC circuits.

The constant current will freely flow through the filter, and since the selectors will require a small current, despite the large number of current consumers that can be switched on, it will still affect the selector with the impulses being sent.

The following sources can serve as a source of direct current: in small installations, a copper oxide rectifier or a battery of batteries, and in large installations, a motor-generator.

The entire relay system consists of a ringing device, a DC power source and a group of selectors located along the line.

In FIG. 1-8 depict schematically the proposed device.

In the proposed construction, the calling apparatus is a conventional telephone with an automatic dialer. The device also has two auxiliary relays; ringing 7 and bumping 8, as well as a filter consisting of self-induction // and a capacitor 10.

The dialer is arranged as follows (Fig. 3). A metal disk / having ten round cuts located above the dial 40,

implanted tightly on the tubular axis and being retracted (inserted into the cutout with a finger) up to the stop 39 clockwise, rotates with the axis in the opposite direction to its initial position. On the axle, the clamp 30 is fixedly mounted, having on both sides of the dog 55, directed so that when the disk / anti-hour hand is rotated, they Grab the teeth of two ratchets 5 and 5 and force them, and along with them, their pair of gears 28 and 38, rotate with the disk. When the disk rotates / clockwise, the dogs slide along the teeth of the ratchets without rotating them. The disk 7 is rotated counterclockwise under the action of the coil spring 57, fixed at one end in the cutting frame 47, and the other in the disk /, and twisted by the disk while rotating clockwise.

Gear 28 is coupled with gear 29, which, being on the same axis with gear 5 /, rotates the latter, thus transmitting rotation to the centrifugal regulator 38 via a worm to 32. Gear 38 has sparse teeth, between which an insulated contact lever falls plate 6, opening in this position contact. The wheel 38 when the disk rotates / several times closes the contact b, according to what the dial number 40 has been installed.

The clamp 30 has protrusions which, in the normal position of the disk /, are just against the insulating lever of the contact plate 4 and, overcoming its force, open contact 4. On the other side of the clamp 30 there is a contact 5, one of the plates of which has an isolating lever located so that after some small part of the way after the start of the movement of the disk 7 clockwise and just before the disk returns / to the normal position, while rotating counterclockwise, the contact 5 is frozen for a short time.

The selector is a switch operating under the influence of a certain combination of DC pulses (Figs. 2, 4, 5).

Between the poles of a U-shaped permanent magnet are two coils

electromagnet / 2, 22 and measles / 5 levers / 7.

Electromagnet cores made of soft iron, under the influence of a magnet, are magnetized. The anchor is also magnetized, and its polarity on the side of the near pole of the permanent magnet will be opposite to the polarity of this pole, and on the side of the pole tips of the cores, also the opposite polarity of the latter. Therefore, measles, which is the same attraction from both cores, remains in a neutral position. When a current of one direction passes through the windings / 2 and 22, for example, one core, for example, 72, acquires one polarity, suppose that it has the same name as it has from a permanent magnet and, consequently, its strength increases, the other core, on the contrary, loses part of its magnetism. As a result, measles attaches to the first core. When the current is stopped, the measles will take a neutral position and, under the action of the current of the reverse direction, it will be applied to another core.

The lever 17 has at its end a doggie in, forcibly supported, but limited in its oscillations by a spring and two stops.

The dog rests on the tooth of the ratchet wheel 24 mounted on a light metallic disk 75.

The disk / 5 has an axis 0 and with it can rotate, but is held in a certain position by a clock spring 25 fastened with one end to the axis 0, and the other with a frame serving as the base of the selector.

In case of oscillations of the core, the pawl will move the ratchet in and, together with it, the disk 75 counterclockwise, will twist the spring 25. When attracted to the core of the coil, the 22 doggie will turn the last one tooth by pressing on the ratchet tooth. When the core is attracted to the coil 72, the dog will move away from the ratchet.

In order for the dog to sway and move the ratchet wheel.

The latter could not break (under the action of the spring) in the opposite direction when the cor was returned to the neutral position, the brake was placed on the dog 18, pressed against the ratchet by a weak spring and not allowing it to rotate under the action of the spring 77 to the spring.

There are eighteen holes around the circumference of the selector disk (there may be another even number, depending on the number of current consumers served by this relay). Four of them are inserted into the pins, representing a screw, to the head of which is attached a bent to the bottom, before adhering to the selector disk, a flat spring. The pins serve to set the selector to a specific number assigned to a given consumer, and are characterized by an order of pulses necessary to turn the selector by the angle at which the consumer’s AC circuit closes. The pins are fixed in the disk so that the inclined springs fall behind the pin, counting when the disk is moving counterclockwise.

On the side above the disk 15, at a distance a little less than the pitch of the selector in front of the first hole of the disk, in a quiet position, there is a two-knee delayed dog 23, which serves to keep the disk in a certain position when the pulses stop and it moves the brake and shifting dogs 18 and c.

Retention of the disc will occur only if, if the disc stops moving, any of the pins will be located near the pawl 23 and in front of it.

The knee restraint of the pawl 23 is held in the normal position by a flat spring and can only be deflected forward by the action of the pins when they are moving counterclockwise; during reverse movement, the doggie will hold the clip, not allowing the disc to rotate clockwise. The disc will be held only if the pawl at the moment the disc is stopped is behind the pin under its inclined spring, because if the disc passes further under the action of current pulses, then the pawl 23, lifted into the inclined spring of the pin, will go out of it and stopping the disk and its desire to go back will not hold the disk pin, but freely rise along the inclined spring, slightly deviating upward on its main hinge, and will pass over the pin without hitting it. The disk 15 bears on itself a contact slider 16, at the first eight steps of the selector, sliding on the arc 79, and after the ninth step it jumps to the contact arc 20 and closes the current consumer circuit.

The first nine holes of the disk and the first three pins serve to rotate the disk when the current is turned on, and the last nine holes and three pins when turning it off. The third pin in all the selectors is fixed in the ninth hole (if the dialer of the calling apparatus has ten digits) and does not have an inclined spring. The sixth pin in all disks is fixed in the penultimate, seventeenth, hole and has an inclined spring resting against the disk, rising to a height twice the height of all the pins and passing in the form of an arc over all thirteen holes of the disk. The operation of the entire system is as follows. Each consumer equipped with a selector and included in the relay system is assigned a certain three-digit number. With a 10-digit dialer, these numbers will be eighteen and, obviously, they will be as follows: 2-1-6 3-1-5 4-1-4 5-1-3 2-2-5 3-2-4 4-2 -3 5-2-2 2-3-4 3-3-3 4-3-2 5-3-1 2-4-3 3-4-2 4-4-1 2-5-2 3-5 -1 2-6-1

Suppose we want to include a consumer 2-4-3.

To do this, insert a finger into the hole, which comes over figure 2, and turn the disk 7 clockwise until it stops, twisting the helical spring 37. Bleach the palei, release the disk and let it return to its original position. During the reverse rotation, the disk through the dogs 35 of the clamp 30 will turn the gears 28 and 38 with them. The first will cause B to operate the centrifugal regulator 33, the second, turning on two teeth, will close the contacts twice.

When the disk / was just moved from its place, the tooth of the clamp 30 mastered the contact plate 4, which made this contact and remained in that position until the disk returned, and hence the clamp's tooth in its place. Immediately after the closure of contact 4, the collar tooth, the passage past the contact plate 5, „pushes it and briefly closes contact 5. When the disk returns, this tooth will momentarily close contact 5, before its stopping in the initial position. The secondary closure of pin 5 occurs during the last closure of pin 6.

And the hook, first closed the contact 4, which included for the whole time of the disk movement / generator 9 in the circuit. Then, contact 5 was momentarily closed, as a result of which the burglary relay tripped, which switched the linear wires during contact 5 closure. Since contacts 6 are open and no current flows to the line, then this work of relay 8 turned out to be useless. As soon as the disk /, when released, begins to rotate back, the wheel 38 will also begin to rotate counterclockwise, closing the contacts b and sending to the line through the ring relay 7 current pulses of one direction and one last pulse of the anti-counter direction, because 5 switched the linear wires through the relay 8. Then the disk stops, all contacts are open, and the current in the circuit is turned off. As soon as the current pulses in the line are pulsed, the electromagnets of all the selectors will remove the core / 5 from the neutral position as many times as the pulses of one direction were sent. As a result, the ratchet 24, and with it the selector dial / 5 moves several steps, in this example, two, forward, then the last opposite current pulse will be sent to the line, as a result of which measles 73 attracts the core / 2, the dog will move away from the ratchet 24 to the right, and the dog 8 will also move away under the action of the lever 77, freeing the disk / 5, which will be able to rotate under the action of the spring in the opposite direction.

But, since we called the number of this selector, hence the pins of this selector are in the second and sixth holes, the first after two pulses, the second through four pulses after the first, and the third through three pulses after the second (2-4-3). Therefore, after two pulses, the first pin of the disk J5 of the selector will be just behind the pawl 23 and held in that position, all the other selectors whose first pin is otherwise located will return to their places. Making the second digit of the number of the selector-4, we will give the disk four more steps, after which the doggie 23 for the second pin will hold it again; all other selectors will again return to their places, with the exception of those with a pin on the fourth hole. In the third sending of a current consisting of three pulses, the selector is turned three more steps, and only nine, that is, the contact 20 is closed with the slider / b, switching on the customer to the network. All other selectors, including those that stopped at the previous package in the fourth hole, return to their place, except for those with a pin in seventh place, and the previous hundred liters in the fourth, i.e. only one disk . After that, only one selector will be included in the circuit, and having a setting of 2-4-3. In addition, one selector will be delayed at the seventh hole. To return this selector to the ambassador for a full call of any number, the number 1 is given, which is a bounce signal. Thus, for each number you need to add another number 1.

Therefore, this number will be like this: 2-4-3-1. In order to turn the selector on, you need to dial its combination again, by which the dial of the included selector will advance over the seventeenth hole, and the dog 23, after the sixth pin, will rise along its inclined spring and arc and will give the disk a chance to return to its original position.

The ten-digit dialer in the description is able to include up to eighteen selectors, f. that is, at least fourteen current consumers, since, by connecting them into parallel groups, it is possible to include several consumers with one selector. If it is necessary to have a greater number of selectors, it is enough to increase the number of holes in the selector dials accordingly and change the dialer.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A device for controlling at a distance the receivers of electrical energy using a ring instrument at the control station, by means of which a series of pulses are sent to the line and selectors installed at the receiving stations, consisting of each of the code disk driven by. electromagnets excited by the said pulses and provided with a series of holes for insertion in a certain order of combination pins assigned, at the time of the end of each series of pulses, recorded using a pawl a selector disk in the event that at the mentioned moment any of the pins interacts with the pawl, characterized in that the telephone dialer used as a ringing device is equipped with an auxiliary contact 5, which serves for short-term switching the poles of the burglary relay line 8 at the end of each series of pulses in order to free the selector disks 15 from coupling with the transmission from electromagnets 12, 22, and in each of the selectors all combination pins 26, 26, except for one pin 43, are fitted with springs 42, 42, forming planes inclined to the disk surface / 5 planes, and the pawl 23, having a head pivoted in the plane of the disk J5, is made turning in a plane perpendicular to the disk, with the intention that the pawl 23 locks the disk 75 only if the head will fall into the gap between pin 26 and inclined to the disc springs end 42, commensurate and installed so that the pawl 23 can freely pass under a spring 42 during rotation of the disc / 5 electromagnets and slide over the springs when returning to its original position, without stopping the disc in both these cases. 2. The form of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring of the last pin is made in the form of an arc or the like, extending over all the holes of the disk / 5, with the aim of returning the disk from its final position to its original position the dog 23 could slide over this arc without hitting the pins 26, 26 l 43 and not holding the disc. 3. In the device according to claims. 1 and 2 use an auxiliary contact 4 in the dialer, which serves to pre-switch the direct current source 9 into the control circuit. jy Spike go Figz