SU376113A1 - CATALYST FOR DEHYDRATING ALCOHOLS - Google Patents

Description

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This invention relates to catalysts for the dehydration of alcohols to olefins.

It is known to use as a catalyst the dehydration of alcohols into olefins of condensed sodium phosphates containing HPO3 groups, which during the reaction are completely or partially released in the form of RaHPO, RH2PO4 or HzPO4 and evaporate with the bottoms of the material.

However, the known catalyst is not sufficiently active and operates at high temperatures.

In order to increase the yield of olefins and iptensnficin of the process, it is proposed to add boryl phosphate, copper metaphosphate, potassium metaphosphate and sodium p-chloroethanesulfonate to the catalyst at a weight ratio of preferably 2: 2: 2: 1.

Example 1. To prepare the catalyst, each component is first prepared and then mixed.

In a porcelain dish with a capacity of 0.5 liters, 115 g of monosubstituted ammonium orthophosphate (h. H), 200 ml of distilled water, and 65 g of orthoboric acid (h. H) are mixed, continuously stirred and heated at low boiling. The creamy mixture turns into a solid mass, which is cooled in air and ground. White pieces of boryl phosphate are calcined for 3-4 hours in a muffle furnace at 600 ° C, cooled and ground to powder.

295 g Cu (Koz) 2-6Н2О, 230 g of monosubstituted ammonium orthophosphate and 100 ml of distilled water are placed in a porcelain dish, heated at the same time, evaporated, dried and calcined in a muffle furnace at 550 ° С for 2 hours. After cooling, pieces of copper metaphosphate are ground to powder.

Potassium monosubstituted orthophosphate is calcined for 2-3 hours in a muffle furnace at 400-500 ° C and the resulting pieces are ground into powder.

All the substances obtained are solid and practically insoluble in water and other solvents.

To prepare the catalyst, they are mixed in a ratio of 2: 2: 2, and they are applied in a solution of sodium 3-chloroethanesulfonate with a ratio between the components of 2: 2: 2: 1.

The proposed catalyst can be used in the form of granules, and the powder.

It has a high dehydrating activity, selectivity, does not have a nzomerizuyuschim action in relation to olefins and allows dehydration at temperatures below 200 ° C.

Example 2. 50 g of catalyst are loaded into the reactor of a tin stream and ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl and isobutyl alcohols are fed at a rate of 10 at a rate of 10 The resulting catalyzate, analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography, 5 consists entirely of olefies. The output is quantitative. Primary alcohols are converted exclusively to α-olefins, no isomerization of olefins is observed, the Catalyst operates stably over 1000 hours. The processes of preparation and use of the proposed catalyst are safe for human health and do not require special precautions. 15 Toxicological tests of samples of the catalyst in animals have shown a complete lack of toxicity of the preparations. . -.3761 and 4 This catalyst is believed to have biological and pharmacological activity. The subject matter of the invention 1. A catalyst for dehydrating alcohols into olefins, including phosphoric acid salts, characterized in that, in order to increase the activity of the catalyst and enable it to work under mild conditions, boryl phosphate, copper metaphosphate, potassium metaphosphate and p- sodium chloroethanesulfonate. 2. A catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio between the amounts of boryl phosphate, copper metaphosphate, potassium metaphosphate and sodium p-chloroethanesulfonate is 2: 2: 2: 1.