SU367393A1 - POLARIMETER - Google Patents

Description

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The invention is attributed to the domain of measurement measurements and can be used in radar systems for determining polarization signals in preferred signals by measuring the Stokes meters, for removing a series of imbalances, and measuring the frequency of the received signal.

There are known (polarimeters that allow using several antennas to measure Stokes' lasers by measuring "nTeHCHBHocTH signals in a vertical, horizontal and inclined 1 ° T angles ± 45 °" horizon tloscopes and containing a antenna, a polarizer, mixer, heterodyne and Indik-ats devices. and.

The disadvantages of the known polarimeters are the low speed and the impossibility of simultaneously measuring all the Stokes parameters with one antenna.

In order to arrange these drawbacks, the proposed polarimeter is inserted (parisatrix discriminator. The device, whose input is connected to the output of the polarization separator, and the exits - from the input. II of the display device.

The polarization ator serves to divide the -transmit signal into the components necessary for calculating the parameters CTOKioa / O, QO, t / o, VQ. There are four of these components:

PI is the vertical component of the electromagnetic (Paul;

PZ is the horizontal component of the electromagnetic field;

s (s) is an electromagnetic component (FIELD, direction at an angle of ± 45 ° to the horizon;

P (P) is the component of the electro-magnetic polarization of circular polarization of the right (left) rotation.

FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the proposed meter. in fig. 2-scheme of the polarization discriminator.

A polarimeter consists of an antenna in the form of, for example, a broadband square pyramidal horn /, going into a square waveguide 2, which is connected to a waveguide field of a separate separator 3, which is a smooth transition from square rectangular waveguide 2 of square section to a cross-shaped waveguide passing to two waveguides with orthogonal waveforms, 1 polarized, and; crystal waveguide s.mesiteli and 5, working from one single; rhodium 6 and connected outputs to the inputs of a polarizing discriminator. 7, the outputs of which are connected to the amplification and indication ltstroy 8 TV, including the amplification circuit "resistor circuits of the sum. subtraction of aipiix signals.

INDICATION is carried out with the help of measuring instruments 9 with a zero in the middle of the scale.

The polarization discriminator 7 (see Fig. 2) presumes a system of specially connected waves of hydrous I-triplets 10; eleven; 12 and 13, waveguide double NON-triplets 14 14 and 15 and waveguide valves 16; 17; 18 and 19.

Floor meter works as follows.

The radar sigal receives-from the wide-square pyramidal pyinopoM / and from the waveguide 2 connects to the input of the polarized separator 3. From the outputs of the polarization separator, the signal in the form of a vert and mountains goes to the inputs of the waveguide 4 «5 mixers.

After conversion to a frequency equal to the frequency of the polarization discriminator 7, the sipnal comes to the inputs of the I-tees 10 and 13 of the polarization discriminator 7 and as PI and PZ signals after the quadratic detection comes to the inputs of the I-tees 11 and 12. divided equally between the test arms ™ and through the valve devices 16--19 enter the inputs of the double I-triples 14 and 15.

Non-trot 15 is the usual. With its I-cry, the signal in the form of the detected voltage PS is fed to the input of the output; From the f-shoulder of the tee 15, the Pz signal is removed.

I-tee 14 has test arms, the length of which is different from each other by a quarter of the wavelength K in the waveguide | T10.t of the operating divider. Signals t I - or - Shoulder. tee 14 in the form of a detected voltage P.i (or P) is fed to the input of the device 8 amplification and indication.

The output of the inline indication device is the direct insertion devices 9, giving the value of the Stokes parameters.

In addition to measuring the polarization parameters, the proposed polarimeter allows simultaneous removal of six antenna patterns: by f and b components; on both circular components; by total and differential orthogonal linearly polarized waves.

When the diagrams are removed (polarity directivity, the meter operates in the reception mode of the electromagnetic radiator of the antenna under test. In this case, the radiation pattern of the software (the component is formed by the PI signal from the I-tee 13 output, and in the I component by the 2 I-3 output signal ; directional diagrams at an angle of + 45 ° - with a RZ signal from the output of the I-shoulder of an I-Tee 15. A radiation pattern of circular polarization of the right (left) rotation is formed by a signal 4 (Pl) from the output of I () - the non-tee shoulder 14 . To measure the frequency of the received signal Goethe scale One 6 graduiruets in values of the frequency, and the indication is performed on a maximum Stokes parameter /.

Subject invention

A polarimeter for determining the polarization parameters of the signal being guided, based on the measurement of the Stokes parameters, which contains an antenna antenna, a polarization separator, a mixer, a local oscillator and

display devices, characterized in that, in order to increase speed, to enable the simultaneous measurement of iBcex Stokes parameters by one antenna, a polarization discriminator is introduced, the input of which is connected to the output of the polarization separator, and the outputs are from the inputs of the display device.

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Fig 1

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