SU32810A1 - Cabbage harvester - Google Patents

Description

In the proposed cabbage harvesting machine for Ebfsha kochnov cabbage from zamln and moving into the collection, two conveyors are used, of which the first one is yulnen in the form of two parallel planks with intervals between them for the passage of stumps and an endless chain placed under these planks with spikes for grabbing kochory and the second is located above the above mentioned boards with a rake for pushing the bobs upwards through the inclined boards. A special knife was used to cut the stumps in addition to the saws provided in the device.

In the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 is a side view of the machine; FIG. 2- machine view from above; Fig, 3 is a rear view of the car.

For the sake of clarity, the drawings in FIG. 2 and 3, some rear portions of the F-lashi are not shown.

A cabbage harvester is placed on a four-wheel drive. The main main frame / rest is on the rear axle 2 -A of the front 3. On top of the main frame there is a second frame pivotally rotating with the rear axle of the machine. Frame 4 is the same size as main frame 7

I "8

And when the machine is running, as shown in FIG. 1, it lies closely on the main frame /. Above the rear axle 2, the second frame 4 has two vertical strut 5 (Fig. 1, 3), curved in the middle part (FNG, 3). Two vertical triangular frames are pivotally connected to the rear axle. The horizontal forked parts of b (Fig. 2) lie on the transverse band 7 of frame 4, and the vertical parts of S rise above the axis 2 of the machine (Fig. 3). iio inclined bars m vertical triangular frames are located on the dye board 9 special device. These two boards are able to move along the rear axle of the machine and can be fixed at a desired distance from each other; while their parts 6 are fixed to the above-mentioned bar 7, and their vertical posts 8 are fixed to the bar 10 (Fig. 3) connecting the posts 5 of the frame 4. The boards 9 have longitudinal slots 11 in the middle that are exactly opposite to the vertical racks 8 (Fig. 3). To the lower ends of the DS juice 9, the poloks 12 are sharpened, the shape of which is visible from FIG. 1, 2, and 3. The polos hangs with their free ends on chains 13 (Fig. 1) winding on a drum 14,

sitting on an axis / 5, placed on two racks 16, on frame 4 (Fig. 1). By rotating the axis 75 with the handle / 7, you can reinforce the poloks in the desired position relative to the level of the soil, and after finishing work, lift them upwards. Under each board, on the edge of the longitudinal notch, passes a chain 75k with studs 19 (Figs. 1, 2, 3). The spikes in length correspond to the slot width 7 /. A chain with spikes dv zhets on the edge of the cut along the inclined direction from the bottom up. FIG. 2, one of the planks for the consistency of the drawing is not shown in the upper drawing, but the notch edge of the removed plank is indicated by a dotted line, so that the location of the endless chain under the plank, the horizontal fork-shaped part of the frame, the vertical stand 8 and other details are visible. The endless chain 18 is set in motion with the aid of the screw W-20 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) and the rack 27, sitting on the common rod 23 with the sprocket 22 of the chain 23, which is erased. The rubbing pin 23 abuts the upper end of the plank 2 (Fig. 1 ), and the lower end of the bar 24, mounted on a vertical rack 8 (Fig. 3). The screws 20 sit on a common shaft 25 (Fig. 1N 3) and can move along it (Fig. 3). The shaft 25 is rotated by means of a chain transmission 26 (Fig. 1), with gear 27 sitting freely on the rear axle 2 of the machine and driven through gear 28 (Fig. 2J from the tractor's drive shaft. Above the boards 9, a conveyor is located parallel to their surface consisting of two endless chains 29 carrying parallel strips 30. A special rake device is attached to the said strips (Fig. 1). Bend the free end 31 of the rake hingedly to the rest of the 32 rake and can be fixed at a different angle to with her help the slats 33. The ends of the slats lie on guide rails 34 and 35 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) interconnected by slats 36 and 37. The upper and lower straps, and the slats 34 and 5 form one frame, which sits on axis x 55 and 39 (fig. 1). The conveyor is located on the uprights 3 and 4 (9, frame 4, and is driven from shaft 25 by means of two chain transmissions 41 (fig. 1). in fig. 1 Left transfer, clarity of the drawing, not shown.

The conveyor moves counterclockwise. The forked horizontal part 6 of the plank frame is carried by a rod 43 (Fig. 1) with a paw 44 capable of moving forward and backward along the frame. With the help of a vertical bar 45 fastened on that frame 4 and moving up / down by a bar 46, the bar 46 can be fastened to the rod 43 in any desired position. FIG. Figure 1 represents machine B in working condition. When the car is transported in non-working condition, race 4. and consequently, the associated conveyor, boards, polos and paw 44 are lifted up by chains 47, winding the handle 89 on the drums 48, sitting on the roller 49. The roller 49 rotates on racks 50, 57, 52 (Fig. 2), mounted on the main frame 7 of the machine. Racks 50 and 57 (Fig. 2) have slots. which include processes 53 and 54 from frame 4. At the ends of these processes, frame 4 is lifted up with chain 47 47; Raised to the required height, the frame is then fixed motionless to the uprights 50 and 5 / (Fig. 2). The described device for lifting the frame 4 and replacing with it the whole mechanism of the headpieces can also be used in the process of operating the machine in order to adjust the height of the stroke of the whole machine. The operation of the machine proceeds as follows. By moving the boards 9 along the rear axle, they are set in such a way that the distance between the slots 77 or (for convenience) between the vertical posts 8 (which is all the same, since the latter are exactly opposite the board slots — see Fig. 3) the width is yy1durdy, and the distance from the middle of the right wheel travel and to the middle of the notch or vertical stand of the right board is half the width of the rows between the wheels so that the right wheel of the machine runs in the middle of the rows between rows. The rakes on the conveyor should be arranged so that the distance between them is equal to the distance between the plants in rows. In view of this, the device of the fan weir is such that it is possible to extend or shorten it if the length of the conveyor chain is incommensurable and the distance between plants in rows. This is achieved as follows. To the upper end of the pillar 5 reinforced

ZIA-shaped frame 55 (Fig. 2, 3). The processes of this frame have slots 5 (5 (Fig. 3), in which the bar 57 (Fig. 1) is placed, having a longitudinal hole 55 carrying a movable coupling 59 (Fig. 1), bearing for the conveyor axis 38.

By applying 57 divisions to the poster indicating the length of the conveyor chain while reinforcing the coupling in this division, it is possible to quickly install the conveyor to any length. The conveyor chain consists of removable links of the same length. Setting the conveyor to a different chain length, remove or add: such a number of links that would be equal to the required lengthening or shortening. HONVEURA guide rails consist of two sliding parts and can be installed at different lengths, according to the length of the conveyor. A similar, simplified device is also present at the lower end of the conveyor. I moved up the bar 57 of the upper end of the conveyor and installed: 8 or in a different position the bar 60 on the Yuga 61 of the lower end of the conveyor, you can also raise or lower the entire conveyor.

Having installed the conveyor on a new length, place a rake on it at a distance from each other equal to the distance between plants in rows. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the rake at the front end of the conveyor will alternately fall on the rails. The movement of the conveyor and the translational movement of the entire machine are designed so that the ends of the rake, when dropped, are measured on the distances equal to the length of the rake on the conveyor or the distance between the plants. Thus, if plants are properly planted (with exact observance of the distance between rows between plants in rows), a rake, hell in the intervals between plants will not cause damage to the roams, will drag them and drag them up the slope of the board. The endless chain 18 with spikes is moving at exactly the same speed as the rake conveyor. By installing the rake, frame 4 is lifted up during non-working hours, it is lowered down onto frame 7. Polozki 72 is lowered to soil level. - Rod 43 with paw 44 is set to be the most convenient for undermining. the roots and for removing the plant from the soil. His work should be coordinated with the work of the upper plank 72 as well as the rake conveyor. During operation, the machine must be steered in such a way that the cuts / 7 BepxHPix of the boards are exactly in rows of plants and the right wheels of the car and the front of the tires in the middle between rows. Then the plant, hitting the gap between a pair of skids, initially rests for a short time on the back of the skids and bends forward; At this moment, the paw 44 undermines the roots of the plant, and the next conveyor rakes pick up the head and drag it up along the board. At this time, under the board 9 spikes 19 of an endless chain seize the plant for a stump. In order to avoid clamping the stump between the chain spike and the edge of the table board, a notch 62 is made in the board against the lower end of the chain (Fig. 2), where a plate is inserted abutting a spring placed under the board 9. When clamping the stump, lastly press on the plate enters temporarily in recess 62, and after passing the spike that has clamped it, again, under the pressure of the plate, it returns to the board slot 77 and is captured by the next conical chain spike. Under the endless chain, parallel to the board, install, on both sides of the notch 7 7, special strips 63 (Fig. 1), which in the lower part carry metal brushes for cleaning the plant roots from excess ground, and in the upper part, saws 64 are attached to them (Fig 2 and 3), which against the middle of the cut 77 of the board adjoin the teeth to each other (Fig. 2). The saws are located in the gaps between the two plates to keep them in the same plane and rest on the springs 65 (Fig. 3). The same pair of saws is located on the underside of the board 10 in a specially arranged recess. Their device is similar to the previous pair of saws.

FIG. 3, the strips serving to fasten the spring 67 against which the saw 68 rests are visible. With their teeth, like the previous pair, they almost touch each other in the middle of the notch. The first pair of saws serves to remove the root part of the stalk, and it is strengthened on the plank 63 closer or farther from the board 9, depending on the length of the cabbage, which is harvested from the variety of cabbage against the place where the plant crusts begin. The second pair of saws cuts off the remaining stump after removing the roots near the head. Immediately behind each pair of saws, in the same plane with them and in a position transverse to them, there is a fixed knife that serves to trim the stalk, if the latter has not been completely cut by saws. FIG. 3 shows one of these knives at 69 at the end of the longitudinal notch 11 of the left board. The root part of the stump cut by the first pair of saws falls into the buckets 70 (Fig. 1), and the fodder portion cut by the second pair of saws falls on the inclined board 7 /, into the buckets 72. However, after removal of the whole stump, refers to the rake of the upper edge of the board 9 and falls on a small conveyor-conveyor 73, which carries it into the appropriate container (for example, a truck following a car, a tractor cart or another container. The conveyor 73, which can be seen from Fig. 1, Depending on the type of container (its height) and on the degree of filling, it is possible to fix In sector 74, in any position, higher or lower, raise the rear end of the conveyor. The conveyor is driven from the roller 25 by means of the toothed wheel 75 (Fig. 1 and 3), which engages with the koiaeer gear 76. To simplify the machine, the conveyor can be replaced with ordinary obliquely located on the boards, on which the tails will roll into a low container. With an atom of the board it is possible to connect them pivotally to the upper end of the board 9. As shown in FIG. 1 All buckets for the stumps (front 70 and rear 72) are cylindrical. The front pair of buckets sits motionless on the rail 77, and the rear - on the rail 78. The rail 77 is fixed on the uprights 79 of the frame 4, and the rail 78 on the uprights 80 of the same frame. Each bucket has a movable bottom 5 / s cylindrical surface. Bottom of the front pair of buckets 70 are tightly connected using straps 82 (FIG. 2) with a common axis 83, passed through the center of the side walls of the buckets. The axis 83 (FIG. 1) rotates on the uprights 79 and the handle 84 is in place, with which it is possible to lift the bottom along the rear cylindrical wall of the bucket upwards.

The same rear mount device also has a rear pair of buckets. Here, the bottoms of the heads are connected to the axis 5 with the powering of the flanks 56, and the lifting of the bottoms also along the rear of the cylindrical wall of the bucket is carried out by the handle 87. Raise the bottom by filling the buckets, quickly emptying the latter. After the buckets are emptied, the bottom is lowered. In view of the fact that a car can be equipped with a two-wheel steering chuck of any type (for example, an automobile), the chassis is not shown in the drawings, nor is it described, but is too narrow. The front wheels must be in line with the driving wheels, and the seat for driving can be placed on or above. racks 50 and .57 and fortified to the last, or in front of them; while the ends of the frame 88 (Fig. 2) will need to be slightly extended. Workers engaged in servicing machines (front end chuck) are placed on the platform S9-. reinforced to the FOLLOWED frame / from the left side of the machine (Fig. 2 n. Z. Weight prg: This will balance the car, the body of which, as it can be seen on kz Fig. 2 and 3; shifted to the right (for the difficulty of working with narrow aisles x) In addition to the worker driving the front end, two more people are required to maintain the machine. One of them will be in charge of lifting devices (not requiring constant monitoring) and control of the conveyor, and the other servicing the buckets. servicing the machine three workers. Controlling the movement. The conveyor to the worker standing on the platform must be supplied with a lever from the corresponding mechanism.

The variant is different from the machine described by the absence of a rake conveyor. Instead, on the upper surface of the board 9, an endless chain with pins is placed, similar to chain 18, located under the same board 9. The asterisks of this chain and the bottom (located under the board 5; they are the same size and sit on the same axes , and therefore both chains move at the same speed. The upper chain teeth are located above the same lower chain and differ from the latter by a somewhat longer length, so that the ends, kx, lie on the edge of the opposite side of the slot 7 / board. They have a lamellar shape, differ in thickness and located close to the surface of the upper saws 68. In this embodiment of the machine, the lower end of the board 9 for better gripping of the plant by the spikes of endless chains should be closer to the ground when working, and the chain sprockets should be better covered from below by clogging the ground, than in the first variant of the machine. At the upper end of the boards 9, the head, after separating the entire stump, throws over the upper edge of the board 9 by pushing after the walking sticky one with the still undercut stalk; at the same time, in order to prevent a possible fall, the stump after the stump is cut on the sides of the board 9, the latter should have raised edges in the upper part. The operation of the machine in this variant will proceed in the same way as in the first variant. The only difference will be that the work of a rake conveyor will be performed by an upper endless chain with spikes. The plant that falls between the pair of poloks, approaching the lower end of the board 9, is detached from the soil by paw 44 and at the same time picked up by the upper part of the stump by spikes of two endless chains. With lamellar spines and if they have pointy and jagged

Fig1

the edges of the plant will be firmly seized with thorns on the stump and carried along up the board 9.

To maintain the machine, this option requires two people instead of three for the first option (in view of the OTcy rake conveyor).

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A cabbage harvesting machine, characterized in that two conveyors J8 and 29 are used for pulling cabbage from cabbage and moving into a collection, the first of which is made of two parallel boards 9 with spaces between them for the passage of stumps and placed under these boards an endless chain 7 with spikes 19. serving to grip the stump, and the second conveyor 29 is equipped with 32 lines serving to grip the stump. 2. In the machine according to claim 1, the use of knives 64 for cutting stumps. 3. The form of the machine according to claim 1, characterized in that instead of the rake conveyor 29, a second conveyor is used, made in a similar manner to the chain 18 with the spikes 19, placed above. boards 9 and serving to grab the cabbage at the top of the stump.